Mary Wilson
Well-known member
June 2, 2023
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7222a3
Jones JM, Manrique IM, Stone MS, et al.
Summary
What is already known about this topic?
SARS-CoV-2 hybrid immunity (immunity derived from both previous infection and vaccination) has been reported to provide better protection than that from infection or vaccination alone.
What is added by this report?
By the third quarter of 2022, an estimated 96.4% of persons aged ≥16 years in a longitudinal blood donor cohort had SARS-CoV-2 antibodies from previous infection or vaccination, including 22.6% from infection alone and 26.1% from vaccination alone; 47.7% had hybrid immunity. Hybrid immunity prevalence was lowest among adults aged ≥65 years.
What are the implications for public health practice?
Low prevalence of infection-induced and hybrid immunity among older adults, who are at increased risk for severe disease if infected, reflects the success of public health infection prevention efforts while also highlighting the importance of this group staying up to date with recommended COVID-19 vaccination, including at least 1 bivalent dose.
Changes in testing behaviors and reporting requirements have hampered the ability to estimate the U.S. SARS-CoV-2 incidence (1). Hybrid immunity (immunity derived from both previous infection and vaccination) has been reported to provide better protection than that from infection or vaccination alone (2). To estimate the incidence of infection and the prevalence of infection- or vaccination-induced antibodies (or both), data from a nationwide, longitudinal cohort of blood donors were analyzed. During the second quarter of 2021 (April–June), an estimated 68.4% of persons aged ≥16 years had infection- or vaccination-induced SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, including 47.5% from vaccination alone, 12.0% from infection alone, and 8.9% from both. By the third quarter of 2022 (July–September), 96.4% had SARS-CoV-2 antibodies from previous infection or vaccination, including 22.6% from infection alone and 26.1% from vaccination alone; 47.7% had hybrid immunity. Prevalence of hybrid immunity was lowest among persons aged ≥65 years (36.9%), the group with the highest risk for severe disease if infected, and was highest among those aged 16–29 years (59.6%). Low prevalence of infection-induced and hybrid immunity among older adults reflects the success of public health infection prevention efforts while also highlighting the importance of older adults staying up to date with recommended COVID-19 vaccination, including at least 1 bivalent dose.*[SUP],[/SUP][SUP]†[/SUP]
Since July 2020, SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in the United States has been estimated by testing blood donations (3). CDC, in collaboration with Vitalant, American Red Cross, Creative Testing Solutions, and Westat, established a nationwide cohort of 142,758 blood donors in July 2021; the cohort included persons who had donated blood two or more times in the preceding year.[SUP]§[/SUP] All blood donations collected during April–June 2021 were tested for antibodies against the spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins. Beginning in 2022, up to one blood donation sample per donor was randomly selected each quarter and tested using the Ortho VITROS SARS-CoV-2 Quantitative S immunoglobulin G[SUP]¶[/SUP] and total N antibody** tests. ...
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7222a3.htm#suggestedcitation
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7222a3
Jones JM, Manrique IM, Stone MS, et al.
Summary
What is already known about this topic?
SARS-CoV-2 hybrid immunity (immunity derived from both previous infection and vaccination) has been reported to provide better protection than that from infection or vaccination alone.
What is added by this report?
By the third quarter of 2022, an estimated 96.4% of persons aged ≥16 years in a longitudinal blood donor cohort had SARS-CoV-2 antibodies from previous infection or vaccination, including 22.6% from infection alone and 26.1% from vaccination alone; 47.7% had hybrid immunity. Hybrid immunity prevalence was lowest among adults aged ≥65 years.
What are the implications for public health practice?
Low prevalence of infection-induced and hybrid immunity among older adults, who are at increased risk for severe disease if infected, reflects the success of public health infection prevention efforts while also highlighting the importance of this group staying up to date with recommended COVID-19 vaccination, including at least 1 bivalent dose.
Changes in testing behaviors and reporting requirements have hampered the ability to estimate the U.S. SARS-CoV-2 incidence (1). Hybrid immunity (immunity derived from both previous infection and vaccination) has been reported to provide better protection than that from infection or vaccination alone (2). To estimate the incidence of infection and the prevalence of infection- or vaccination-induced antibodies (or both), data from a nationwide, longitudinal cohort of blood donors were analyzed. During the second quarter of 2021 (April–June), an estimated 68.4% of persons aged ≥16 years had infection- or vaccination-induced SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, including 47.5% from vaccination alone, 12.0% from infection alone, and 8.9% from both. By the third quarter of 2022 (July–September), 96.4% had SARS-CoV-2 antibodies from previous infection or vaccination, including 22.6% from infection alone and 26.1% from vaccination alone; 47.7% had hybrid immunity. Prevalence of hybrid immunity was lowest among persons aged ≥65 years (36.9%), the group with the highest risk for severe disease if infected, and was highest among those aged 16–29 years (59.6%). Low prevalence of infection-induced and hybrid immunity among older adults reflects the success of public health infection prevention efforts while also highlighting the importance of older adults staying up to date with recommended COVID-19 vaccination, including at least 1 bivalent dose.*[SUP],[/SUP][SUP]†[/SUP]
Since July 2020, SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in the United States has been estimated by testing blood donations (3). CDC, in collaboration with Vitalant, American Red Cross, Creative Testing Solutions, and Westat, established a nationwide cohort of 142,758 blood donors in July 2021; the cohort included persons who had donated blood two or more times in the preceding year.[SUP]§[/SUP] All blood donations collected during April–June 2021 were tested for antibodies against the spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins. Beginning in 2022, up to one blood donation sample per donor was randomly selected each quarter and tested using the Ortho VITROS SARS-CoV-2 Quantitative S immunoglobulin G[SUP]¶[/SUP] and total N antibody** tests. ...
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7222a3.htm#suggestedcitation