tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
ERJ Open Res
. 2023 Aug 3;00400-2023.
doi: 10.1183/23120541.00400-2023. Online ahead of print. Vaccine-elicited B and T cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is impaired in chronic lung disease patients
Haolin Liu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Katja Aviszus[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Pearlanne Zelarney[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Shu-Yi Liao[SUP] 3 4 5 [/SUP], Anthony N Gerber[SUP] 1 3 5 6 [/SUP], Barry Make[SUP] 3 6 [/SUP], Michael E Wechsler[SUP] 3 6 [/SUP], Philippa Marrack[SUP] 1 7 [/SUP], R Lee Reinhardt[SUP] 1 7 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Background: While vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) provides significant protection from COVID-19, the protection afforded to individuals with chronic lung disease is less well established. This study seeks to understand how chronic lung disease impacts SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-elicited immunity.
Methods: Deep immune phenotyping of humoral and cell mediated responses to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine was performed in patients with asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and interstitial lung disease (ILD) compared to healthy controls.
Results: 48% of vaccinated patients with chronic lung diseases had reduced antibody titers to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine antigen relative to healthy controls. Vaccine antibody titers were significantly reduced among asthma (p<0.035), COPD (p<0.022), and a subset of ILD patients as early as 3-4 months after vaccination, correlating with decreased vaccine-specific memory B cells in circulation. Vaccine-specific memory T cells were significantly reduced in patients with asthma (CD8+ p<0.004; CD4+ p<0.023) and COPD (CD8+ p<0.008) compared to healthy controls. Impaired T cell responsiveness was also observed in a subset of ILD patients (CD8+ 21.4%; CD4+ 42.9%). Additional heterogeneity between healthy and disease cohorts was observed among bulk and vaccine-specific follicular T helper cells.
Conclusions: Deep immune phenotyping of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine response revealed the complex nature of vaccine-elicited immunity and highlights the need for more personalised vaccination schemes in patients with underlying lung conditions.
. 2023 Aug 3;00400-2023.
doi: 10.1183/23120541.00400-2023. Online ahead of print. Vaccine-elicited B and T cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is impaired in chronic lung disease patients
Haolin Liu[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Katja Aviszus[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Pearlanne Zelarney[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Shu-Yi Liao[SUP] 3 4 5 [/SUP], Anthony N Gerber[SUP] 1 3 5 6 [/SUP], Barry Make[SUP] 3 6 [/SUP], Michael E Wechsler[SUP] 3 6 [/SUP], Philippa Marrack[SUP] 1 7 [/SUP], R Lee Reinhardt[SUP] 1 7 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 37583809
- PMCID: PMC10423317
- DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00400-2023
Background: While vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) provides significant protection from COVID-19, the protection afforded to individuals with chronic lung disease is less well established. This study seeks to understand how chronic lung disease impacts SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-elicited immunity.
Methods: Deep immune phenotyping of humoral and cell mediated responses to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine was performed in patients with asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and interstitial lung disease (ILD) compared to healthy controls.
Results: 48% of vaccinated patients with chronic lung diseases had reduced antibody titers to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine antigen relative to healthy controls. Vaccine antibody titers were significantly reduced among asthma (p<0.035), COPD (p<0.022), and a subset of ILD patients as early as 3-4 months after vaccination, correlating with decreased vaccine-specific memory B cells in circulation. Vaccine-specific memory T cells were significantly reduced in patients with asthma (CD8+ p<0.004; CD4+ p<0.023) and COPD (CD8+ p<0.008) compared to healthy controls. Impaired T cell responsiveness was also observed in a subset of ILD patients (CD8+ 21.4%; CD4+ 42.9%). Additional heterogeneity between healthy and disease cohorts was observed among bulk and vaccine-specific follicular T helper cells.
Conclusions: Deep immune phenotyping of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine response revealed the complex nature of vaccine-elicited immunity and highlights the need for more personalised vaccination schemes in patients with underlying lung conditions.