tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Influenza Other Respi Viruses. 2011 Apr 20. doi: 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2011.00249.x. [Epub ahead of print]
Epidemiologic and virologic assessment of the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic on selected temperate countries in the Southern Hemisphere: Argentina, Australia, Chile, New Zealand and South Africa.
Van Kerkhove MD, Mounts AW, Mall S, Vandemaele KA, Chamberland M, Dos Santos T, Fitzner J, Widdowson MA, Michalove J, Bresee J, Olsen SJ, Quick L, Baumeister E, Carlino LO, Savy V, Uez O, Owen R, Ghani F, Paterson B, Forde A, Fasce R, Torres G, Andrade W, Bustos P, Mora J, Gonzalez C, Olea A, Sotomayor V, De Ferrari MN, Burgos A, Hunt D, Huang QS, Jennings LC, Macfarlane M, Lopez LD, McArthur C, Cohen C, Archer B, Blumberg L, Cengimbo A, Makunga C, McAnerney J, Msimang V, Naidoo D, Puren A, Schoub B, Thomas J, Venter M; for the WHO Southern Hemisphere Influenza Comparison Study Working Group.
Source
World Health Organization. MRC Centre for Outbreak Analysis and Modelling, Imperial College London, UK. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Administraci?n Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud Dr C. G. Malbran, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Ministerio de Salud de la Naci?n, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Epidemiologia, Mar del Plata, Argentina. Department of Health and Ageing, Influenza Surveillance Section, Surveillance Branch, Office of Health Protection, Canberra, ACT, Australia. Department of Health and Ageing, Office of Health Protection, Woden, ACT, Australia. Instituto de Salud Publica de Chile, Secci?n Virus Respiratorios y Exantematicos, Subdepartamento Virologia Clinica, Santiago, Chile. Departamento de Epidemiolog?a, Divisi?n de Planificaci?n Sanitaria, Ministerio de Salud de Chile. Unidad de Estudios, Departamento de Epidemiolog?a, Subsecretar?a de Salud P?blica, Ministerio de salud de Chile. New Zealand Ministry of Health, Wellington, New Zealand. WHO National Influenza Centre, Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Wellington, New Zealand. Canterbury Health Laboratories and Pathology Department, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand. Department of Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, a division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa. Outbreak Response Unit, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa. Respiratory Virus Unit, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, a division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Abstract
Please cite this paper as: Van Kerkhove et al. (2011) Epidemiologic and virologic assessment of the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic on selected temperate countries in the Southern Hemisphere: Argentina, Australia, Chile, New Zealand and South Africa. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2011.00249.x. Introduction and Setting Our analysis compares the most comprehensive epidemiologic and virologic surveillance data compiled to date for laboratory-confirmed H1N1pdm patients between 1 April 2009 - 31 January 2010 from five temperate countries in the Southern Hemisphere-Argentina, Australia, Chile, New Zealand, and South Africa. Objective We evaluate transmission dynamics, indicators of severity, and describe the co-circulation of H1N1pdm with seasonal influenza viruses. Results In the five countries, H1N1pdm became the predominant influenza strain within weeks of initial detection. South Africa was unique, first experiencing a seasonal H3N2 wave, followed by a distinct H1N1pdm wave. Compared with the 2007 and 2008 influenza seasons, the peak of influenza-like illness (ILI) activity in four of the five countries was 3-6 times higher with peak ILI consultation rates ranging from 35/1,000 consultations/week in Australia to 275/100,000 population/week in New Zealand. Transmission was similar in all countries with the reproductive rate ranging from 1.2-1.6. The median age of patients in all countries increased with increasing severity of disease, 4-14% of all hospitalized cases required critical care, and 26-68% of fatal patients were reported to have ≥1 chronic medical condition. Compared with seasonal influenza, there was a notable downward shift in age among severe cases with the highest population-based hospitalization rates among children <5 years old. National population-based mortality rates ranged from 0.8-1.5/100,000. Conclusions The difficulty experienced in tracking the progress of the pandemic globally, estimating its severity early on, and comparing information across countries argues for improved routine surveillance and standardization of investigative approaches and data reporting methods.
? 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
PMID:
21668677
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21668677
Epidemiologic and virologic assessment of the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic on selected temperate countries in the Southern Hemisphere: Argentina, Australia, Chile, New Zealand and South Africa.
Van Kerkhove MD, Mounts AW, Mall S, Vandemaele KA, Chamberland M, Dos Santos T, Fitzner J, Widdowson MA, Michalove J, Bresee J, Olsen SJ, Quick L, Baumeister E, Carlino LO, Savy V, Uez O, Owen R, Ghani F, Paterson B, Forde A, Fasce R, Torres G, Andrade W, Bustos P, Mora J, Gonzalez C, Olea A, Sotomayor V, De Ferrari MN, Burgos A, Hunt D, Huang QS, Jennings LC, Macfarlane M, Lopez LD, McArthur C, Cohen C, Archer B, Blumberg L, Cengimbo A, Makunga C, McAnerney J, Msimang V, Naidoo D, Puren A, Schoub B, Thomas J, Venter M; for the WHO Southern Hemisphere Influenza Comparison Study Working Group.
Source
World Health Organization. MRC Centre for Outbreak Analysis and Modelling, Imperial College London, UK. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Administraci?n Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud Dr C. G. Malbran, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Ministerio de Salud de la Naci?n, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Epidemiologia, Mar del Plata, Argentina. Department of Health and Ageing, Influenza Surveillance Section, Surveillance Branch, Office of Health Protection, Canberra, ACT, Australia. Department of Health and Ageing, Office of Health Protection, Woden, ACT, Australia. Instituto de Salud Publica de Chile, Secci?n Virus Respiratorios y Exantematicos, Subdepartamento Virologia Clinica, Santiago, Chile. Departamento de Epidemiolog?a, Divisi?n de Planificaci?n Sanitaria, Ministerio de Salud de Chile. Unidad de Estudios, Departamento de Epidemiolog?a, Subsecretar?a de Salud P?blica, Ministerio de salud de Chile. New Zealand Ministry of Health, Wellington, New Zealand. WHO National Influenza Centre, Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Wellington, New Zealand. Canterbury Health Laboratories and Pathology Department, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand. Department of Critical Care Medicine, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, a division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa. Outbreak Response Unit, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa. Respiratory Virus Unit, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, a division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Abstract
Please cite this paper as: Van Kerkhove et al. (2011) Epidemiologic and virologic assessment of the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic on selected temperate countries in the Southern Hemisphere: Argentina, Australia, Chile, New Zealand and South Africa. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2011.00249.x. Introduction and Setting Our analysis compares the most comprehensive epidemiologic and virologic surveillance data compiled to date for laboratory-confirmed H1N1pdm patients between 1 April 2009 - 31 January 2010 from five temperate countries in the Southern Hemisphere-Argentina, Australia, Chile, New Zealand, and South Africa. Objective We evaluate transmission dynamics, indicators of severity, and describe the co-circulation of H1N1pdm with seasonal influenza viruses. Results In the five countries, H1N1pdm became the predominant influenza strain within weeks of initial detection. South Africa was unique, first experiencing a seasonal H3N2 wave, followed by a distinct H1N1pdm wave. Compared with the 2007 and 2008 influenza seasons, the peak of influenza-like illness (ILI) activity in four of the five countries was 3-6 times higher with peak ILI consultation rates ranging from 35/1,000 consultations/week in Australia to 275/100,000 population/week in New Zealand. Transmission was similar in all countries with the reproductive rate ranging from 1.2-1.6. The median age of patients in all countries increased with increasing severity of disease, 4-14% of all hospitalized cases required critical care, and 26-68% of fatal patients were reported to have ≥1 chronic medical condition. Compared with seasonal influenza, there was a notable downward shift in age among severe cases with the highest population-based hospitalization rates among children <5 years old. National population-based mortality rates ranged from 0.8-1.5/100,000. Conclusions The difficulty experienced in tracking the progress of the pandemic globally, estimating its severity early on, and comparing information across countries argues for improved routine surveillance and standardization of investigative approaches and data reporting methods.
? 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
PMID:
21668677
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21668677