tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin (Engl Ed)
. 2023 Jan;41(1):11-17.
doi: 10.1016/j.eimce.2021.05.019.
Lifting COVID-19 mitigation measures in Spain (May-June 2020)
Susana Monge[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Pello Latasa Zamalloa[SUP] 2 [/SUP], María José Sierra Moros[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Oscar Pérez Olaso[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Lucía García San Miguel[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Carmen Varela[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Silvia Rivera Ariza[SUP] 2 [/SUP], María C Vázquez Torres[SUP] 2 [/SUP], María Del Carmen Olmedo Lucerón[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Paloma González Yuste[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Pilar Soler Crespo[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Javier Segura Del Pozo[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Pedro Gullón[SUP] 5 [/SUP], José Miguel Carrasco[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Elena Vanessa Martínez Sánchez[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Lidia Redondo Bravo[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Myriam Pichiule Castañeda[SUP] 2 [/SUP], María Jesús Purriños Hermida[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Xurxo Hervada Vidal[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Ismael Huerta Gonzalez[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Mario Margolles[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Hermelinda Vanaclocha Luna[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Enrique Ramalle Gómara[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Jaime Jesús Pérez Martín[SUP] 10 [/SUP], María Dolores Chirlaque López[SUP] 10 [/SUP], María Jesús López Fernández[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Nicola Lorusso[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Alberto Carmona Ubago[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Ana Rivas Perez[SUP] 13 [/SUP], Violeta Ramos Marin[SUP] 13 [/SUP], Juan José Criado Alvarez[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Daniel Castrillejo Pérez[SUP] 15 [/SUP], Atanasio A Góméz Anés[SUP] 15 [/SUP], Marga Frontera[SUP] 16 [/SUP], Pedro Macias Rodriguez[SUP] 16 [/SUP], Eva Elisa Álvarez León[SUP] 17 [/SUP], Miriam Díaz Casañas[SUP] 17 [/SUP], Maria Angeles Lopaz Perez[SUP] 18 [/SUP], Juan Pablo Alonso Pérez de Ágreda[SUP] 19 [/SUP], Paloma Navas Gutierrez[SUP] 20 [/SUP], Ignacio Rosell Aguilar[SUP] 21 [/SUP], Jose María Arteagoitia Axpe[SUP] 22 [/SUP], Fernando Gonzalez Carril[SUP] 22 [/SUP], Pilar Aparicio Azcárraga[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Fernando Simón Soria[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Berta Suarez Rodríguez[SUP] 2 [/SUP]; Members of the Technical advisory group for the lifting of lockdown measures
Affiliations
Abstract
Introduction: The state of alarm was declared in Spain due to the COVID-19 epidemic on March 14, 2020, and established population confinement measures. The objective is to describe the process of lifting these mitigation measures.
Methods: The Plan for the Transition to a New Normality, approved on April 28, contained four sequential phases with progressive increase in socio-economic activities and population mobility. In parallel, a new strategy for early diagnosis, surveillance and control was implemented. A bilateral decision mechanism was established between the Spanish Government and the autonomous communities (AC), guided by a set of qualitative and quantitative indicators capturing the epidemiological situation and core capacities. The territorial units were established ad-hoc and could be from Basic Health Zones to entire AC.
Results: The process run from May 4 to June 21, 2020. AC implemented plans for reinforcement of core capacities. Incidence decreased from a median (50% of territories) of 7.4 per 100,000 in 7 days at the beginning to 2.5 at the end. Median PCR testing increased from 53% to 89% of suspected cases and PCR total capacity from 4.5 to 9.8 per 1000 inhabitants weekly; positivity rate decreased from 3.5% to 1.8%. Median proportion of cases with traced contacts increased from 82% to 100%.
Conclusion: Systematic data collection, analysis, and interterritorial dialogue allowed adequate process control. The epidemiological situation improved but, mostly, the process entailed a great reinforcement of core response capacities nation-wide, under common criteria. Maintaining and further reinforcing capacities remained crucial for responding to future waves.
Keywords: COVID-19; Capacidades; Confinamiento; Confinement; Coronavirus; Deconfinement; Desescalada; Health sector capacity; Mitigación; Mitigation; Pandemia; Pandemic.
. 2023 Jan;41(1):11-17.
doi: 10.1016/j.eimce.2021.05.019.
Lifting COVID-19 mitigation measures in Spain (May-June 2020)
Susana Monge[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Pello Latasa Zamalloa[SUP] 2 [/SUP], María José Sierra Moros[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Oscar Pérez Olaso[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Lucía García San Miguel[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Carmen Varela[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Silvia Rivera Ariza[SUP] 2 [/SUP], María C Vázquez Torres[SUP] 2 [/SUP], María Del Carmen Olmedo Lucerón[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Paloma González Yuste[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Pilar Soler Crespo[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Javier Segura Del Pozo[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Pedro Gullón[SUP] 5 [/SUP], José Miguel Carrasco[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Elena Vanessa Martínez Sánchez[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Lidia Redondo Bravo[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Myriam Pichiule Castañeda[SUP] 2 [/SUP], María Jesús Purriños Hermida[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Xurxo Hervada Vidal[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Ismael Huerta Gonzalez[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Mario Margolles[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Hermelinda Vanaclocha Luna[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Enrique Ramalle Gómara[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Jaime Jesús Pérez Martín[SUP] 10 [/SUP], María Dolores Chirlaque López[SUP] 10 [/SUP], María Jesús López Fernández[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Nicola Lorusso[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Alberto Carmona Ubago[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Ana Rivas Perez[SUP] 13 [/SUP], Violeta Ramos Marin[SUP] 13 [/SUP], Juan José Criado Alvarez[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Daniel Castrillejo Pérez[SUP] 15 [/SUP], Atanasio A Góméz Anés[SUP] 15 [/SUP], Marga Frontera[SUP] 16 [/SUP], Pedro Macias Rodriguez[SUP] 16 [/SUP], Eva Elisa Álvarez León[SUP] 17 [/SUP], Miriam Díaz Casañas[SUP] 17 [/SUP], Maria Angeles Lopaz Perez[SUP] 18 [/SUP], Juan Pablo Alonso Pérez de Ágreda[SUP] 19 [/SUP], Paloma Navas Gutierrez[SUP] 20 [/SUP], Ignacio Rosell Aguilar[SUP] 21 [/SUP], Jose María Arteagoitia Axpe[SUP] 22 [/SUP], Fernando Gonzalez Carril[SUP] 22 [/SUP], Pilar Aparicio Azcárraga[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Fernando Simón Soria[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Berta Suarez Rodríguez[SUP] 2 [/SUP]; Members of the Technical advisory group for the lifting of lockdown measures
Affiliations
- PMID: 36621243
- DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2021.05.019
Abstract
Introduction: The state of alarm was declared in Spain due to the COVID-19 epidemic on March 14, 2020, and established population confinement measures. The objective is to describe the process of lifting these mitigation measures.
Methods: The Plan for the Transition to a New Normality, approved on April 28, contained four sequential phases with progressive increase in socio-economic activities and population mobility. In parallel, a new strategy for early diagnosis, surveillance and control was implemented. A bilateral decision mechanism was established between the Spanish Government and the autonomous communities (AC), guided by a set of qualitative and quantitative indicators capturing the epidemiological situation and core capacities. The territorial units were established ad-hoc and could be from Basic Health Zones to entire AC.
Results: The process run from May 4 to June 21, 2020. AC implemented plans for reinforcement of core capacities. Incidence decreased from a median (50% of territories) of 7.4 per 100,000 in 7 days at the beginning to 2.5 at the end. Median PCR testing increased from 53% to 89% of suspected cases and PCR total capacity from 4.5 to 9.8 per 1000 inhabitants weekly; positivity rate decreased from 3.5% to 1.8%. Median proportion of cases with traced contacts increased from 82% to 100%.
Conclusion: Systematic data collection, analysis, and interterritorial dialogue allowed adequate process control. The epidemiological situation improved but, mostly, the process entailed a great reinforcement of core response capacities nation-wide, under common criteria. Maintaining and further reinforcing capacities remained crucial for responding to future waves.
Keywords: COVID-19; Capacidades; Confinamiento; Confinement; Coronavirus; Deconfinement; Desescalada; Health sector capacity; Mitigación; Mitigation; Pandemia; Pandemic.