tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Emerg Microbes Infect
. 2022 Feb 1;1-27.
doi: 10.1080/22221751.2022.2037397. Online ahead of print.
Susceptibility of sheep to experimental co-infection with the ancestral lineage of SARS-CoV-2 and its alpha variant
Natasha N Gaudreault[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Konner Cool[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jessie D Trujillo[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Igor Morozov[SUP] 1 [/SUP], David A Meekins[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Chester McDowell[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Dashzeveg Bold[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mariano Carossino[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Velmurugan Balaraman[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Dana Mitzel[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Taeyong Kwon[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Daniel W Madden[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Bianca Libanori Artiaga[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Roman M Pogranichniy[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Gleyder Roman-Sosa[SUP] 1 [/SUP], William C Wilson[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Udeni B R Balasuriya[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Adolfo García-Sastre[SUP] 4 5 6 7 8 [/SUP], Juergen A Richt[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for a global pandemic that has had significant impacts on human health and economies worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 is highly transmissible and the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 in humans. A wide range of animal species have also been shown to be susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 by experimental and/or natural infections. Sheep are a commonly farmed domestic ruminant that have not been thoroughly investigated for their susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, we performed in vitro and in vivo studies which consisted of infection of ruminant-derived cells and experimental challenge of sheep to investigate their susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. Our results showed that sheep-derived kidney cells support SARS-CoV-2 replication. Furthermore, experimental challenge of sheep demonstrated limited infection with viral RNA shed in nasal and oral swabs at 1-day post challenge (DPC); viral RNA was also detected in the respiratory tract and lymphoid tissues at 4 and 8 DPC. Sero-reactivity was observed in some of the principal infected sheep but not the contact sentinels, indicating that transmission to co-mingled naïve sheep was not highly efficient; however, viral RNA was detected in some of the respiratory tract tissues of sentinel animals at 21 DPC. Furthermore, we used challenge inoculum consisting of a mixture of two SARS-CoV-2 isolates, representatives of the ancestral lineage A and the B.1.1.7-like alpha variant of concern, to study competition of the two virus strains. Our results indicate that sheep show low susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and that the alpha variant outcompeted the lineage A strain.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; co-infection; ovine; ruminant; sheep; susceptibility; transmission.
. 2022 Feb 1;1-27.
doi: 10.1080/22221751.2022.2037397. Online ahead of print.
Susceptibility of sheep to experimental co-infection with the ancestral lineage of SARS-CoV-2 and its alpha variant
Natasha N Gaudreault[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Konner Cool[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jessie D Trujillo[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Igor Morozov[SUP] 1 [/SUP], David A Meekins[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Chester McDowell[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Dashzeveg Bold[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mariano Carossino[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Velmurugan Balaraman[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Dana Mitzel[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Taeyong Kwon[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Daniel W Madden[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Bianca Libanori Artiaga[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Roman M Pogranichniy[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Gleyder Roman-Sosa[SUP] 1 [/SUP], William C Wilson[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Udeni B R Balasuriya[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Adolfo García-Sastre[SUP] 4 5 6 7 8 [/SUP], Juergen A Richt[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35105272
- DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2022.2037397
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for a global pandemic that has had significant impacts on human health and economies worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 is highly transmissible and the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 in humans. A wide range of animal species have also been shown to be susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 by experimental and/or natural infections. Sheep are a commonly farmed domestic ruminant that have not been thoroughly investigated for their susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, we performed in vitro and in vivo studies which consisted of infection of ruminant-derived cells and experimental challenge of sheep to investigate their susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. Our results showed that sheep-derived kidney cells support SARS-CoV-2 replication. Furthermore, experimental challenge of sheep demonstrated limited infection with viral RNA shed in nasal and oral swabs at 1-day post challenge (DPC); viral RNA was also detected in the respiratory tract and lymphoid tissues at 4 and 8 DPC. Sero-reactivity was observed in some of the principal infected sheep but not the contact sentinels, indicating that transmission to co-mingled naïve sheep was not highly efficient; however, viral RNA was detected in some of the respiratory tract tissues of sentinel animals at 21 DPC. Furthermore, we used challenge inoculum consisting of a mixture of two SARS-CoV-2 isolates, representatives of the ancestral lineage A and the B.1.1.7-like alpha variant of concern, to study competition of the two virus strains. Our results indicate that sheep show low susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and that the alpha variant outcompeted the lineage A strain.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; co-infection; ovine; ruminant; sheep; susceptibility; transmission.