tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Emerg Infect Dis
. 2022 Feb;28(2):273-281.
doi: 10.3201/eid2802.211727.
Viral Interference between Respiratory Viruses
Jocelyne Piret, Guy Boivin
Abstract
Multiple respiratory viruses can concurrently or sequentially infect the respiratory tract and lead to virus‒virus interactions. Infection by a first virus could enhance or reduce infection and replication of a second virus, resulting in positive (additive or synergistic) or negative (antagonistic) interaction. The concept of viral interference has been demonstrated at the cellular, host, and population levels. The mechanisms involved in viral interference have been evaluated in differentiated airway epithelial cells and in animal models susceptible to the respiratory viruses of interest. A likely mechanism is the interferon response that could confer a temporary nonspecific immunity to the host. During the coronavirus disease pandemic, nonpharmacologic interventions have prevented the circulation of most respiratory viruses. Once the sanitary restrictions are lifted, circulation of seasonal respiratory viruses is expected to resume and will offer the opportunity to study their interactions, notably with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; coronavirus disease; human metapneumovirus; human rhinovirus; influenza virus; innate immunity; interferon; respiratory infections; respiratory syncytial virus; respiratory viruses; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; viral interference; viruses; zoonoses.
. 2022 Feb;28(2):273-281.
doi: 10.3201/eid2802.211727.
Viral Interference between Respiratory Viruses
Jocelyne Piret, Guy Boivin
- PMID: 35075991
- DOI: 10.3201/eid2802.211727
Abstract
Multiple respiratory viruses can concurrently or sequentially infect the respiratory tract and lead to virus‒virus interactions. Infection by a first virus could enhance or reduce infection and replication of a second virus, resulting in positive (additive or synergistic) or negative (antagonistic) interaction. The concept of viral interference has been demonstrated at the cellular, host, and population levels. The mechanisms involved in viral interference have been evaluated in differentiated airway epithelial cells and in animal models susceptible to the respiratory viruses of interest. A likely mechanism is the interferon response that could confer a temporary nonspecific immunity to the host. During the coronavirus disease pandemic, nonpharmacologic interventions have prevented the circulation of most respiratory viruses. Once the sanitary restrictions are lifted, circulation of seasonal respiratory viruses is expected to resume and will offer the opportunity to study their interactions, notably with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; coronavirus disease; human metapneumovirus; human rhinovirus; influenza virus; innate immunity; interferon; respiratory infections; respiratory syncytial virus; respiratory viruses; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; viral interference; viruses; zoonoses.