tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2012 Dec 26. [Epub ahead of print]
Effectiveness of Intranasal Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine against All-cause Acute Otitis Media in Children.
Heikkinen T, Block SL, Toback SL, Wu X, Ambrose CS.
Source
?Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland *Kentucky Pediatric and Adult Research, Bardstown, KY, USA ?MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD, USA ?Currently employed at Gilead Sciences, Inc. Seattle, WA, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:: Acute otitis media (AOM) is a frequent complication of influenza in children, and influenza vaccination helps protect against influenza-associated AOM. A live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) approved for eligible children aged ≥2 years for the prevention of influenza also effectively reduces influenza-associated AOM. However, the annual effectiveness of LAIV against all-cause AOM is unknown. METHODS:: AOM rates in children 6-83 months of age from 6 randomized, placebo-controlled trials and 2 randomized, inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV)-controlled trials were pooled and analyzed. To enable comparison with studies of AOM prevention by pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV), 12-month effectiveness was calculated assuming that LAIV had no effect outside of influenza seasons. RESULTS:: During influenza seasons, LAIV efficacy compared with placebo against all-cause AOM in children 6-71 months of age (N=9497) was 12.4% (95% CI: 2.0%, 21.6%) in year 1. In year 2, the efficacy in children aged 18-83 months (N=4142) was 6.2% (95% CI: -12.4%, 21.7%). Compared with IIV, the efficacy of LAIV in children 6-71 months (N=9901) against febrile all-cause AOM was 9.7% (95% CI: -2.1%, 20.1%). The estimated 12-month effectiveness of LAIV compared with placebo against all-cause AOM was 7.5% (95% CI: -2.4%, 16.2%). CONCLUSIONS:: LAIV reduced the incidence of all-cause AOM compared with placebo in children. The estimated 12-month effectiveness of LAIV was comparable with PCV7. The effects of the vaccines will overlap somewhat; however, because PCVs only prevent a fraction of all pneumococcal AOM and influenza-associated AOM can be caused by other pathogens, LAIV could further reduce the incidence of AOM in children.
PMID:
23271441
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23271441
Effectiveness of Intranasal Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine against All-cause Acute Otitis Media in Children.
Heikkinen T, Block SL, Toback SL, Wu X, Ambrose CS.
Source
?Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland *Kentucky Pediatric and Adult Research, Bardstown, KY, USA ?MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD, USA ?Currently employed at Gilead Sciences, Inc. Seattle, WA, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:: Acute otitis media (AOM) is a frequent complication of influenza in children, and influenza vaccination helps protect against influenza-associated AOM. A live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) approved for eligible children aged ≥2 years for the prevention of influenza also effectively reduces influenza-associated AOM. However, the annual effectiveness of LAIV against all-cause AOM is unknown. METHODS:: AOM rates in children 6-83 months of age from 6 randomized, placebo-controlled trials and 2 randomized, inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV)-controlled trials were pooled and analyzed. To enable comparison with studies of AOM prevention by pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV), 12-month effectiveness was calculated assuming that LAIV had no effect outside of influenza seasons. RESULTS:: During influenza seasons, LAIV efficacy compared with placebo against all-cause AOM in children 6-71 months of age (N=9497) was 12.4% (95% CI: 2.0%, 21.6%) in year 1. In year 2, the efficacy in children aged 18-83 months (N=4142) was 6.2% (95% CI: -12.4%, 21.7%). Compared with IIV, the efficacy of LAIV in children 6-71 months (N=9901) against febrile all-cause AOM was 9.7% (95% CI: -2.1%, 20.1%). The estimated 12-month effectiveness of LAIV compared with placebo against all-cause AOM was 7.5% (95% CI: -2.4%, 16.2%). CONCLUSIONS:: LAIV reduced the incidence of all-cause AOM compared with placebo in children. The estimated 12-month effectiveness of LAIV was comparable with PCV7. The effects of the vaccines will overlap somewhat; however, because PCVs only prevent a fraction of all pneumococcal AOM and influenza-associated AOM can be caused by other pathogens, LAIV could further reduce the incidence of AOM in children.
PMID:
23271441
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23271441