tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
PLoS One. 2014 Jun 9;9(6):e98671. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098671. eCollection 2014.
Effect of broccoli sprouts on nasal response to live attenuated influenza virus in smokers: a randomized, double-blind study.
Noah TL1, Zhang H2, Zhou H2, Glista-Baker E3, M?ller L4, Bauer RN5, Meyer M6, Murphy PC7, Jones S3, Letang B8, Robinette C3, Jaspers I1.
Author information
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Smokers have increased susceptibility and altered innate host defense responses to influenza virus infection. Broccoli sprouts are a source of the Nrf2 activating agentsulforaphane, and short term ingestion of broccoli sprout homogenates (BSH) has been shown to reduce nasal inflammatory responses to oxidant pollutants.
OBJECTIVES:
Assess the effects of BSH on nasal cytokines, virus replication, and Nrf2-dependent enzyme expression in smokers and nonsmokers.
METHODS:
We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial comparing the effects of BSH on serially sampled nasal lavage fluid (NLF) cytokines, viral sequence quantity, and Nrf2-dependent enzyme expression in NLF cells and biopsied epithelium. Healthy young adult smokers and nonsmokers ingested BSH or placebo (alfalfa sprout homogenate) for 4 days, designated Days -1, 0, 1, 2. On Day 0 they received standard vaccine dose of live attenuated influenza virus (LAIV) intranasally. Nasal lavage fluids and nasal biopsies were collected serially to assess response to LAIV.
RESULTS:
In area under curve analyses, post-LAIV IL-6 responses (P = 0.03) and influenza sequences (P = 0.01) were significantly reduced in NLF from BSH-treated smokers, while
NAD(P)H:
quinoneoxidoreductasein NLF cells was significantly increased. In nonsmokers, a similar trend for reduction in virus quantity with BSH did not reach statistical significance.
CONCLUSIONS:
In smokers, short term ingestion of broccoli sprout homogenates appears to significantly reduce some virus-induced markers of inflammation, as well as reducing virus quantity. Nutritional antioxidant interventions have promise as a safe, low-cost strategy for reducing influenza risk among smokers and other at risk populations.
TRIAL REGISTRATION:
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01269723.
PMID:
24910991
[PubMed - in process]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24910991
Effect of broccoli sprouts on nasal response to live attenuated influenza virus in smokers: a randomized, double-blind study.
Noah TL1, Zhang H2, Zhou H2, Glista-Baker E3, M?ller L4, Bauer RN5, Meyer M6, Murphy PC7, Jones S3, Letang B8, Robinette C3, Jaspers I1.
Author information
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Smokers have increased susceptibility and altered innate host defense responses to influenza virus infection. Broccoli sprouts are a source of the Nrf2 activating agentsulforaphane, and short term ingestion of broccoli sprout homogenates (BSH) has been shown to reduce nasal inflammatory responses to oxidant pollutants.
OBJECTIVES:
Assess the effects of BSH on nasal cytokines, virus replication, and Nrf2-dependent enzyme expression in smokers and nonsmokers.
METHODS:
We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial comparing the effects of BSH on serially sampled nasal lavage fluid (NLF) cytokines, viral sequence quantity, and Nrf2-dependent enzyme expression in NLF cells and biopsied epithelium. Healthy young adult smokers and nonsmokers ingested BSH or placebo (alfalfa sprout homogenate) for 4 days, designated Days -1, 0, 1, 2. On Day 0 they received standard vaccine dose of live attenuated influenza virus (LAIV) intranasally. Nasal lavage fluids and nasal biopsies were collected serially to assess response to LAIV.
RESULTS:
In area under curve analyses, post-LAIV IL-6 responses (P = 0.03) and influenza sequences (P = 0.01) were significantly reduced in NLF from BSH-treated smokers, while
NAD(P)H:
quinoneoxidoreductasein NLF cells was significantly increased. In nonsmokers, a similar trend for reduction in virus quantity with BSH did not reach statistical significance.
CONCLUSIONS:
In smokers, short term ingestion of broccoli sprout homogenates appears to significantly reduce some virus-induced markers of inflammation, as well as reducing virus quantity. Nutritional antioxidant interventions have promise as a safe, low-cost strategy for reducing influenza risk among smokers and other at risk populations.
TRIAL REGISTRATION:
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01269723.
PMID:
24910991
[PubMed - in process]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24910991