tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
EBioMedicine
. 2021 Jun 4;68:103410.
doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103410. Online ahead of print.
SARS-CoV-2 elicits robust adaptive immune responses regardless of disease severity
Stine Sf Nielsen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Line K Vibholm[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Ida Monrad[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Rikke Olesen[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Giacomo S Frattari[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Marie H Pahus[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jesper F Højen[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jesper D Gunst[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Christian Erikstrup[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Andreas Holleufer[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Rune Hartmann[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Lars Østergaard[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ole S Søgaard[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mariane H Schleimann[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Martin Tolstrup[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic currently prevails worldwide. To understand the immunological signature of SARS-CoV-2 infections and aid the search and evaluation of new treatment modalities and vaccines, comprehensive characterization of adaptive immune responses towards SARS-CoV-2 is needed.
Methods: We included 203 recovered SARS-CoV-2 infected patients in Denmark between April 3[SUP]rd[/SUP] and July 9[SUP]th[/SUP] 2020, at least 14 days after COVID-19 symptom recovery. The participants had experienced a range of disease severities from asymptomatic to severe. We collected plasma, serum and PBMC's for analysis of SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody response by Meso Scale analysis including other coronavirus strains, ACE2 competition, IgA ELISA, pseudovirus neutralization capacity, and dextramer flow cytometry analysis of CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T cells. The immunological outcomes were compared amongst severity groups within the cohort, and 10 pre-pandemic SARS-CoV-2 negative controls.
Findings: We report broad serological profiles within the cohort, detecting antibody binding to other human coronaviruses. 202(>99%) participants had SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies, with SARS-CoV-2 neutralization and spike-ACE2 receptor interaction blocking observed in 193(95%) individuals. A significant positive correlation (r=0.7804) between spike-ACE2 blocking antibody titers and neutralization potency was observed. Further, SARS-CoV-2 specific CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T-cell responses were clear and quantifiable in 95 of 106(90%) HLA-A2[SUP]+[/SUP] individuals.
Interpretation: The viral surface spike protein was identified as the dominant target for both neutralizing antibodies and CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T-cell responses. Overall, the majority of patients had robust adaptive immune responses, regardless of their disease severity.
Funding: This study was supported by the Danish Ministry for Research and Education (grant# 0238-00001B) and The Danish Innovation Fund (grant# 0208-00018B).
Keywords: Adaptive; Antibody; Asymptomatic; CD8(+) T-cell; COVID-19; Corona; Immune response; SARS-CoV-2; Severe; Virus.
. 2021 Jun 4;68:103410.
doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103410. Online ahead of print.
SARS-CoV-2 elicits robust adaptive immune responses regardless of disease severity
Stine Sf Nielsen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Line K Vibholm[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Ida Monrad[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Rikke Olesen[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Giacomo S Frattari[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Marie H Pahus[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jesper F Højen[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jesper D Gunst[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Christian Erikstrup[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Andreas Holleufer[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Rune Hartmann[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Lars Østergaard[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ole S Søgaard[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Mariane H Schleimann[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Martin Tolstrup[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34098342
- DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103410
Abstract
Background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic currently prevails worldwide. To understand the immunological signature of SARS-CoV-2 infections and aid the search and evaluation of new treatment modalities and vaccines, comprehensive characterization of adaptive immune responses towards SARS-CoV-2 is needed.
Methods: We included 203 recovered SARS-CoV-2 infected patients in Denmark between April 3[SUP]rd[/SUP] and July 9[SUP]th[/SUP] 2020, at least 14 days after COVID-19 symptom recovery. The participants had experienced a range of disease severities from asymptomatic to severe. We collected plasma, serum and PBMC's for analysis of SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody response by Meso Scale analysis including other coronavirus strains, ACE2 competition, IgA ELISA, pseudovirus neutralization capacity, and dextramer flow cytometry analysis of CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T cells. The immunological outcomes were compared amongst severity groups within the cohort, and 10 pre-pandemic SARS-CoV-2 negative controls.
Findings: We report broad serological profiles within the cohort, detecting antibody binding to other human coronaviruses. 202(>99%) participants had SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies, with SARS-CoV-2 neutralization and spike-ACE2 receptor interaction blocking observed in 193(95%) individuals. A significant positive correlation (r=0.7804) between spike-ACE2 blocking antibody titers and neutralization potency was observed. Further, SARS-CoV-2 specific CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T-cell responses were clear and quantifiable in 95 of 106(90%) HLA-A2[SUP]+[/SUP] individuals.
Interpretation: The viral surface spike protein was identified as the dominant target for both neutralizing antibodies and CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T-cell responses. Overall, the majority of patients had robust adaptive immune responses, regardless of their disease severity.
Funding: This study was supported by the Danish Ministry for Research and Education (grant# 0238-00001B) and The Danish Innovation Fund (grant# 0208-00018B).
Keywords: Adaptive; Antibody; Asymptomatic; CD8(+) T-cell; COVID-19; Corona; Immune response; SARS-CoV-2; Severe; Virus.