tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Diabetes Metab Syndr
. 2022 Feb 5;16(2):102424.
doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2022.102424. Online ahead of print.
Humoral antibody kinetics with ChAdOx1-nCOV (Covishield™) and BBV-152 (Covaxin™) vaccine among Indian Healthcare workers: A 6-month longitudinal cross-sectional Coronavirus Vaccine-induced antibody titre (COVAT) study
Awadhesh Kumar Singh[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sanjeev Ratnakar Phatak[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Ritu Singh[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Kingshuk Bhattacharjee[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Nagendra Kumar Singh[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Arvind Gupta[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Arvind Sharma[SUP] 7 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Background and aims: There is limited data available on longitudinal humoral antibody dynamics following two doses of ChAdOx1-nCOV (Covishield™) and BBV-152 (Covaxin™) vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 among Indians.
Methods: We conducted a 6-month longitudinal study in vaccinated healthcare workers by serially measuring quantitative anti-spike antibody at 3-weeks, 3-months and 6-months after the completion of second dose. Geometric mean titer (GMT) and linear mixed models were used to assess the dynamics of antibody levels at 6 months.
Results: Of the 481 participants, GMT of anti-spike antibody decreased by 56% at 6-months regardless of age, gender, blood group, body-mass index and comorbidities in 360 SARS-CoV-2 naive individuals but significantly more in hypertensives. Participants with past infection had significantly higher GMT at all time points compared to the naive individuals. Among SARS-CoV-2 naive cohorts, a significantly higher GMT was noted amongst the Covishield recipients at all time points, but there was a 44% decline in GMT at 6-month compared to the peak titer period. Decline in GMT was insignificant (8%) in Covaxin recipients at 6-month despite a lower GMT at all time points vs. Covishield. There was 5.6-fold decrease in seropositivity rate at 6-month with both vaccines. Participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus have a lower seropositivity rate at all the time points. Seropositivity rate was significantly higher with Covishield vs. Covaxin at all time points except at 6-month where Covaxin recipients had a higher seropositivity rate but no difference noted in propensity-matched analysis.
Conclusions: There is waning humoral antibody response following two doses of either vaccine at six months. Covishield recipients had a higher anti-spike antibody GMT compared with Covaxin at all-time points, however a significant decline in antibody titers was seen with Covishield but not with Covaxin at 6-months.
Keywords: Anti-spike antibody; COVID-19; Covaxin; Covishield; Humoral response; SARS-CoV-2.
. 2022 Feb 5;16(2):102424.
doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2022.102424. Online ahead of print.
Humoral antibody kinetics with ChAdOx1-nCOV (Covishield™) and BBV-152 (Covaxin™) vaccine among Indian Healthcare workers: A 6-month longitudinal cross-sectional Coronavirus Vaccine-induced antibody titre (COVAT) study
Awadhesh Kumar Singh[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sanjeev Ratnakar Phatak[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Ritu Singh[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Kingshuk Bhattacharjee[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Nagendra Kumar Singh[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Arvind Gupta[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Arvind Sharma[SUP] 7 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35150961
- DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2022.102424
Abstract
Background and aims: There is limited data available on longitudinal humoral antibody dynamics following two doses of ChAdOx1-nCOV (Covishield™) and BBV-152 (Covaxin™) vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 among Indians.
Methods: We conducted a 6-month longitudinal study in vaccinated healthcare workers by serially measuring quantitative anti-spike antibody at 3-weeks, 3-months and 6-months after the completion of second dose. Geometric mean titer (GMT) and linear mixed models were used to assess the dynamics of antibody levels at 6 months.
Results: Of the 481 participants, GMT of anti-spike antibody decreased by 56% at 6-months regardless of age, gender, blood group, body-mass index and comorbidities in 360 SARS-CoV-2 naive individuals but significantly more in hypertensives. Participants with past infection had significantly higher GMT at all time points compared to the naive individuals. Among SARS-CoV-2 naive cohorts, a significantly higher GMT was noted amongst the Covishield recipients at all time points, but there was a 44% decline in GMT at 6-month compared to the peak titer period. Decline in GMT was insignificant (8%) in Covaxin recipients at 6-month despite a lower GMT at all time points vs. Covishield. There was 5.6-fold decrease in seropositivity rate at 6-month with both vaccines. Participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus have a lower seropositivity rate at all the time points. Seropositivity rate was significantly higher with Covishield vs. Covaxin at all time points except at 6-month where Covaxin recipients had a higher seropositivity rate but no difference noted in propensity-matched analysis.
Conclusions: There is waning humoral antibody response following two doses of either vaccine at six months. Covishield recipients had a higher anti-spike antibody GMT compared with Covaxin at all-time points, however a significant decline in antibody titers was seen with Covishield but not with Covaxin at 6-months.
Keywords: Anti-spike antibody; COVID-19; Covaxin; Covishield; Humoral response; SARS-CoV-2.