tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Clin Infect Dis. 2017 Oct 23. doi: 10.1093/cid/cix931. [Epub ahead of print]
[h=1]Detection of influenza C viruses among outpatients and patients hospitalized for severe acute respiratory infection, Minnesota, 2013-2016.[/h] Thielen BK[SUP]1[/SUP], Friedlander H[SUP]2[/SUP], Bistodeau S[SUP]2[/SUP], Shu B[SUP]3[/SUP], Lynch B[SUP]3[/SUP], Martin K[SUP]2[/SUP], Bye E[SUP]2[/SUP], Como-Sabetti K[SUP]2[/SUP], Boxrud D[SUP]2[/SUP], Strain AK[SUP]2[/SUP], Chaves SS[SUP]3[/SUP], Steffens A[SUP]3[/SUP], Fowlkes AL[SUP]3[/SUP], Lindstrom S[SUP]3[/SUP], Lynfield R[SUP]2[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]Background:[/h] Existing literature suggests that influenza C typically causes mild respiratory tract disease. However, clinical and epidemiological data are limited.
[h=4]Methods:[/h] Four outpatient clinics and three hospitals submitted clinical data and respiratory specimens through a surveillance network for acute respiratory infection (ARI) during May 2013 through December 2016. Specimens were tested using multi-target nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) for 19-22 respiratory pathogens, including influenza C.
[h=4]Results:[/h] Influenza C virus was detected among 59 of 10,202 (0.58%) hospitalized SARI cases and 11 of 2,282 (0.48%) outpatients. Most detections occurred from December to March, with 73% during the 2014-2015 season. Influenza C detections occurred among patients of all ages, with similar rates between inpatients and outpatients. The highest rate of detection occurred among children aged 6 to 24 months (1.2%). Among hospitalized cases, seven required intensive care. Medical co-morbidities were reported in 58% of hospitalized cases and all who required intensive care. At least one other respiratory pathogen was detected in 40 (66%) cases, most commonly rhinovirus/enterovirus (25%) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (20%). The hemagglutinin-esterase-fusion (HEF) gene was sequenced in 37 specimens, and both C/Kanagawa and C/Sao Paulo lineages were detected in inpatients and outpatients.
[h=4]Conclusions:[/h] We found seasonal circulation of influenza C with year-to-year variability. Detection was most frequent among young children, but occurred in all ages. Some cases positive for influenza C, particularly those with co-morbid conditions, had severe disease, suggesting a need for further study of the role of influenza C virus in the pathogenesis of respiratory disease.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] biosurveillance; hospitalization; influenza virus; influenza-like illness
PMID: 29069373 DOI: 10.1093/cid/cix931
[h=1]Detection of influenza C viruses among outpatients and patients hospitalized for severe acute respiratory infection, Minnesota, 2013-2016.[/h] Thielen BK[SUP]1[/SUP], Friedlander H[SUP]2[/SUP], Bistodeau S[SUP]2[/SUP], Shu B[SUP]3[/SUP], Lynch B[SUP]3[/SUP], Martin K[SUP]2[/SUP], Bye E[SUP]2[/SUP], Como-Sabetti K[SUP]2[/SUP], Boxrud D[SUP]2[/SUP], Strain AK[SUP]2[/SUP], Chaves SS[SUP]3[/SUP], Steffens A[SUP]3[/SUP], Fowlkes AL[SUP]3[/SUP], Lindstrom S[SUP]3[/SUP], Lynfield R[SUP]2[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]Background:[/h] Existing literature suggests that influenza C typically causes mild respiratory tract disease. However, clinical and epidemiological data are limited.
[h=4]Methods:[/h] Four outpatient clinics and three hospitals submitted clinical data and respiratory specimens through a surveillance network for acute respiratory infection (ARI) during May 2013 through December 2016. Specimens were tested using multi-target nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) for 19-22 respiratory pathogens, including influenza C.
[h=4]Results:[/h] Influenza C virus was detected among 59 of 10,202 (0.58%) hospitalized SARI cases and 11 of 2,282 (0.48%) outpatients. Most detections occurred from December to March, with 73% during the 2014-2015 season. Influenza C detections occurred among patients of all ages, with similar rates between inpatients and outpatients. The highest rate of detection occurred among children aged 6 to 24 months (1.2%). Among hospitalized cases, seven required intensive care. Medical co-morbidities were reported in 58% of hospitalized cases and all who required intensive care. At least one other respiratory pathogen was detected in 40 (66%) cases, most commonly rhinovirus/enterovirus (25%) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (20%). The hemagglutinin-esterase-fusion (HEF) gene was sequenced in 37 specimens, and both C/Kanagawa and C/Sao Paulo lineages were detected in inpatients and outpatients.
[h=4]Conclusions:[/h] We found seasonal circulation of influenza C with year-to-year variability. Detection was most frequent among young children, but occurred in all ages. Some cases positive for influenza C, particularly those with co-morbid conditions, had severe disease, suggesting a need for further study of the role of influenza C virus in the pathogenesis of respiratory disease.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] biosurveillance; hospitalization; influenza virus; influenza-like illness
PMID: 29069373 DOI: 10.1093/cid/cix931