tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Curr Med Res Opin
. 2022 May 14;1-23.
doi: 10.1080/03007995.2022.2078081. Online ahead of print.
COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease: Manifestations, pathophysiology, vaccination, and long-term implication
Adel Abdel Moniem[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Marwa A Radwan[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ahmed I Yousef[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by a new coronavirus family member, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and is linked with many disease manifestations in multiple organ systems on top of pulmonary manifestations. COVID-19 is also accompanied by several cardiovascular pathologies including myocarditis, acute myocardial infarction, stress cardiomyopathy, arterial and venous thromboembolism, pericarditis, and arrhythmias. The pathophysiological mechanisms explaining these clinical symptoms are multifactorial including systemic inflammation (cytokine storm), coagulopathy, direct viral invasion through angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, hypoxemia, electrolyte imbalance, and fever. Several case reports have shown the development of an unusual cardiovascular event after receiving SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. The current article aimed to review cardiovascular involvement in the COVID-19 pandemic with respect to clinical features, pathogenesis, long-term effects, and the adverse effects of treatments and vaccines based on the latest evidence.
Keywords: COVID-19; Cardiac manifestations; Pathophysiology; SARS-CoV-2; SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
. 2022 May 14;1-23.
doi: 10.1080/03007995.2022.2078081. Online ahead of print.
COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease: Manifestations, pathophysiology, vaccination, and long-term implication
Adel Abdel Moniem[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Marwa A Radwan[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ahmed I Yousef[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35575011
- DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2022.2078081
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by a new coronavirus family member, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and is linked with many disease manifestations in multiple organ systems on top of pulmonary manifestations. COVID-19 is also accompanied by several cardiovascular pathologies including myocarditis, acute myocardial infarction, stress cardiomyopathy, arterial and venous thromboembolism, pericarditis, and arrhythmias. The pathophysiological mechanisms explaining these clinical symptoms are multifactorial including systemic inflammation (cytokine storm), coagulopathy, direct viral invasion through angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, hypoxemia, electrolyte imbalance, and fever. Several case reports have shown the development of an unusual cardiovascular event after receiving SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. The current article aimed to review cardiovascular involvement in the COVID-19 pandemic with respect to clinical features, pathogenesis, long-term effects, and the adverse effects of treatments and vaccines based on the latest evidence.
Keywords: COVID-19; Cardiac manifestations; Pathophysiology; SARS-CoV-2; SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.