tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Cureus
. 2022 Apr 10;14(4):e24005.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.24005. eCollection 2022 Apr.
A Correlation Analysis of Peripheral Oxygen Saturation and Arterial Oxygen Saturation Among COVID-19 Patients
Prashant Sirohiya[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Saurabh Vig[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Khushboo Pandey[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jitendra K Meena[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Ram Singh[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Brajesh K Ratre[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Balbir Kumar[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Anuja Pandit[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sushma Bhatnagar[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Background and objective It has been observed that peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO[SUB]2[/SUB]) measured by pulse oximeter is consistently lower than arterial oxygen saturation (SaO[SUB]2[/SUB]) measured directly by blood gas analysis. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the correlation between SpO[SUB]2[/SUB] and SaO[SUB]2[/SUB], and SpO[SUB]2[/SUB] and partial pressure of oxygen (PaO[SUB]2[/SUB]), and compare the SpO[SUB]2[/SUB]/FiO[SUB]2 [/SUB](SF) and PaO[SUB]2[/SUB]/FiO[SUB]2 [/SUB](PF) ratios in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods In this observational study, SpO[SUB]2[/SUB] was recorded and arterial blood gas analysis was performed among 70 COVID-19 patients presenting on room air (FiO[SUB]2 [/SUB]= 0.21). SaO[SUB]2[/SUB] and PaO[SUB]2[/SUB] were recorded from arterial blood gas analysis. The SF and PF ratios were then calculated. Results The strength of correlations between SpO[SUB]2[/SUB] and SaO[SUB]2[/SUB], and SpO[SUB]2[/SUB] and PaO[SUB]2[/SUB], were significant (p<0.001) and moderately positive [Pearson coefficient (r) = 0.68, 0.53]. SpO[SUB]2[/SUB] value (85%), i.e., SF ratio (404.7 or below), was the best estimate for mild ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome) [PF ratio (300 or below)] with a sensitivity of 80.6% and specificity of 53%. Conclusion A pulse oximeter is a vital tool in the diagnosis and management of COVID-19. In our study, SpO[SUB]2[/SUB] was found to have a positive correlation with SaO[SUB]2[/SUB] and PaO[SUB]2[/SUB] with acceptable sensitivity but low specificity in estimating mild ARDS. Therefore, pulse oximetry can be used as a tool for the early diagnosis of mild COVID-19 ARDS as per the given considerations and clinical correlation.
Keywords: arterial blood gas; arterial oxygen saturation; coronavirus disease; oxygen saturation; peripheral oxygen saturation.
. 2022 Apr 10;14(4):e24005.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.24005. eCollection 2022 Apr.
A Correlation Analysis of Peripheral Oxygen Saturation and Arterial Oxygen Saturation Among COVID-19 Patients
Prashant Sirohiya[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Saurabh Vig[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Khushboo Pandey[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jitendra K Meena[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Ram Singh[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Brajesh K Ratre[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Balbir Kumar[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Anuja Pandit[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Sushma Bhatnagar[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35547430
- PMCID: PMC9088087
- DOI: 10.7759/cureus.24005
Abstract
Background and objective It has been observed that peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO[SUB]2[/SUB]) measured by pulse oximeter is consistently lower than arterial oxygen saturation (SaO[SUB]2[/SUB]) measured directly by blood gas analysis. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the correlation between SpO[SUB]2[/SUB] and SaO[SUB]2[/SUB], and SpO[SUB]2[/SUB] and partial pressure of oxygen (PaO[SUB]2[/SUB]), and compare the SpO[SUB]2[/SUB]/FiO[SUB]2 [/SUB](SF) and PaO[SUB]2[/SUB]/FiO[SUB]2 [/SUB](PF) ratios in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods In this observational study, SpO[SUB]2[/SUB] was recorded and arterial blood gas analysis was performed among 70 COVID-19 patients presenting on room air (FiO[SUB]2 [/SUB]= 0.21). SaO[SUB]2[/SUB] and PaO[SUB]2[/SUB] were recorded from arterial blood gas analysis. The SF and PF ratios were then calculated. Results The strength of correlations between SpO[SUB]2[/SUB] and SaO[SUB]2[/SUB], and SpO[SUB]2[/SUB] and PaO[SUB]2[/SUB], were significant (p<0.001) and moderately positive [Pearson coefficient (r) = 0.68, 0.53]. SpO[SUB]2[/SUB] value (85%), i.e., SF ratio (404.7 or below), was the best estimate for mild ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome) [PF ratio (300 or below)] with a sensitivity of 80.6% and specificity of 53%. Conclusion A pulse oximeter is a vital tool in the diagnosis and management of COVID-19. In our study, SpO[SUB]2[/SUB] was found to have a positive correlation with SaO[SUB]2[/SUB] and PaO[SUB]2[/SUB] with acceptable sensitivity but low specificity in estimating mild ARDS. Therefore, pulse oximetry can be used as a tool for the early diagnosis of mild COVID-19 ARDS as per the given considerations and clinical correlation.
Keywords: arterial blood gas; arterial oxygen saturation; coronavirus disease; oxygen saturation; peripheral oxygen saturation.