tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Clin Transl Immunology
. 2021 Mar 17;10(3):e1264.
doi: 10.1002/cti2.1264. eCollection 2021.
Adaptive immunity to human coronaviruses is widespread but low in magnitude
Hyon-Xhi Tan[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Wen Shi Lee[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kathleen M Wragg[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Christina Nelson[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Robyn Esterbauer[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Hannah G Kelly[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Thakshila Amarasena[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Robert Jones[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Graham Starkey[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Bao Zhong Wang[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Osamu Yoshino[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Thomas Tiang[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Michael Lindsay Grayson[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Helen Opdam[SUP] 5 6 [/SUP], Rohit D'Costa[SUP] 7 8 [/SUP], Angela Vago[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Austin Liver Transplant Perfusionist Group; Laura K Mackay[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Claire L Gordon[SUP] 1 4 [/SUP], Adam K Wheatley[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Stephen J Kent[SUP] 1 2 9 [/SUP], Jennifer A Juno[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Collaborators, Affiliations
Abstract
Objectives: Endemic human coronaviruses (hCoVs) circulate worldwide but cause minimal mortality. Although seroconversion to hCoV is near ubiquitous during childhood, little is known about hCoV-specific T-cell memory in adults.
Methods: We quantified CD4 T-cell and antibody responses to hCoV spike antigens in 42 SARS-CoV-2-uninfected individuals. Antigen-specific memory T cells and circulating T follicular helper (cTFH) cells were identified using an activation-induced marker assay and characterised for memory phenotype and chemokine receptor expression.
Results: T-cell responses were widespread within conventional memory and cTFH compartments but did not correlate with IgG titres. SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive T cells were observed in 48% of participants and correlated with HKU1 memory. hCoV-specific T cells exhibited a CCR6[SUP]+[/SUP] central memory phenotype in the blood, but were enriched for frequency and CXCR3 expression in human lung-draining lymph nodes.
Conclusion: Overall, hCoV-specific humoral and cellular memory are independently maintained, with a shared phenotype existing among coronavirus-specific CD4 T cells. This understanding of endemic coronavirus immunity provides insight into the homeostatic maintenance of immune responses that are likely to be critical components of protection against SARS-CoV-2.
Keywords: CD4 T cell; SARS?CoV?2; cTFH; coronavirus; hCoV; lymph node.
. 2021 Mar 17;10(3):e1264.
doi: 10.1002/cti2.1264. eCollection 2021.
Adaptive immunity to human coronaviruses is widespread but low in magnitude
Hyon-Xhi Tan[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Wen Shi Lee[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kathleen M Wragg[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Christina Nelson[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Robyn Esterbauer[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Hannah G Kelly[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Thakshila Amarasena[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Robert Jones[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Graham Starkey[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Bao Zhong Wang[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Osamu Yoshino[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Thomas Tiang[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Michael Lindsay Grayson[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Helen Opdam[SUP] 5 6 [/SUP], Rohit D'Costa[SUP] 7 8 [/SUP], Angela Vago[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Austin Liver Transplant Perfusionist Group; Laura K Mackay[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Claire L Gordon[SUP] 1 4 [/SUP], Adam K Wheatley[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Stephen J Kent[SUP] 1 2 9 [/SUP], Jennifer A Juno[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Collaborators, Affiliations
- PMID: 33747512
- PMCID: PMC7968850
- DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1264
Abstract
Objectives: Endemic human coronaviruses (hCoVs) circulate worldwide but cause minimal mortality. Although seroconversion to hCoV is near ubiquitous during childhood, little is known about hCoV-specific T-cell memory in adults.
Methods: We quantified CD4 T-cell and antibody responses to hCoV spike antigens in 42 SARS-CoV-2-uninfected individuals. Antigen-specific memory T cells and circulating T follicular helper (cTFH) cells were identified using an activation-induced marker assay and characterised for memory phenotype and chemokine receptor expression.
Results: T-cell responses were widespread within conventional memory and cTFH compartments but did not correlate with IgG titres. SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive T cells were observed in 48% of participants and correlated with HKU1 memory. hCoV-specific T cells exhibited a CCR6[SUP]+[/SUP] central memory phenotype in the blood, but were enriched for frequency and CXCR3 expression in human lung-draining lymph nodes.
Conclusion: Overall, hCoV-specific humoral and cellular memory are independently maintained, with a shared phenotype existing among coronavirus-specific CD4 T cells. This understanding of endemic coronavirus immunity provides insight into the homeostatic maintenance of immune responses that are likely to be critical components of protection against SARS-CoV-2.
Keywords: CD4 T cell; SARS?CoV?2; cTFH; coronavirus; hCoV; lymph node.