tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Clin Infect Dis
. 2021 Dec 7;ciab1016.
doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab1016. Online ahead of print.
Interpretation of Relative Efficacy and Effectiveness for Influenza Vaccines
Nathaniel M Lewis[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jessie R Chung[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Timothy M Uyeki[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Lisa Grohskopf[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jill M Ferdinands[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Manish M Patel[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) are metrics commonly reported to compare absolute VE (aVE) of two vaccine products. Estimates of rVE for enhanced influenza vaccines (eIV) vs. standard inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) have been assessed across different seasons, influenza-specific endpoints, and nonspecific endpoints (e.g., all-cause cardiovascular hospitalizations). To illustrate the challenges of comparability across studies, we conducted a scenario analysis to evaluate the effects of varying absolute VE (aVE) of IIV (i.e., as compared with placebo) on the interpretation of rVE of eIV vs IIV. We show that estimates of rVE might not be comparable across studies because additional benefits commensurate with a given estimate of rVE are dependent on the aVE for the comparator vaccine, which can depend on factors such as host response to vaccine, virus type, and clinical endpoint evaluated. These findings have implications for interpretation of rVE across studies and for sample size considerations in future trials.
Keywords: influenza; vaccine effectiveness; vaccine efficacy; vaccines.
. 2021 Dec 7;ciab1016.
doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab1016. Online ahead of print.
Interpretation of Relative Efficacy and Effectiveness for Influenza Vaccines
Nathaniel M Lewis[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jessie R Chung[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Timothy M Uyeki[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Lisa Grohskopf[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jill M Ferdinands[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Manish M Patel[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34875035
- DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab1016
Abstract
Relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) are metrics commonly reported to compare absolute VE (aVE) of two vaccine products. Estimates of rVE for enhanced influenza vaccines (eIV) vs. standard inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) have been assessed across different seasons, influenza-specific endpoints, and nonspecific endpoints (e.g., all-cause cardiovascular hospitalizations). To illustrate the challenges of comparability across studies, we conducted a scenario analysis to evaluate the effects of varying absolute VE (aVE) of IIV (i.e., as compared with placebo) on the interpretation of rVE of eIV vs IIV. We show that estimates of rVE might not be comparable across studies because additional benefits commensurate with a given estimate of rVE are dependent on the aVE for the comparator vaccine, which can depend on factors such as host response to vaccine, virus type, and clinical endpoint evaluated. These findings have implications for interpretation of rVE across studies and for sample size considerations in future trials.
Keywords: influenza; vaccine effectiveness; vaccine efficacy; vaccines.