tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Clin Immunol
. 2022 Dec 17;109209.
doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109209. Online ahead of print.
Tracking the clonal dynamics of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in children and adults with mild/asymptomatic COVID-19
Weng Hua Khoo[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Katherine Jackson[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Chansavath Phetsouphanh[SUP] 3 [/SUP], John J Zaunders[SUP] 4 [/SUP], José Alquicira-Hernandez[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Seyhan Yazar[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Stephanie Ruiz-Diaz[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Mandeep Singh[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Rama Dhenni[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Wunna Kyaw[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Fiona Tea[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Vera Merheb[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Fiona X Z Lee[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Rebecca Burrell[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Annaleise Howard-Jones[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Archana Koirala[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Li Zhou[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Aysen Yuksel[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Daniel R Catchpoole[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Catherine L Lai[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Tennille L Vitagliano[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Romain Rouet[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Daniel Christ[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Benjamin Tang[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Nicholas P West[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Shane George[SUP] 13 [/SUP], John Gerrard[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Peter I Croucher[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Anthony D Kelleher[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Christopher G Goodnow[SUP] 15 [/SUP], Jonathan D Sprent[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Joseph E Powell[SUP] 16 [/SUP], Fabienne Brilot[SUP] 17 [/SUP], Ralph Nanan[SUP] 18 [/SUP], Peter S Hsu[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Elissa K Deenick[SUP] 19 [/SUP], Philip N Britton[SUP] 20 [/SUP], Tri Giang Phan[SUP] 21 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Children infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) develop less severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) than adults. The mechanisms for the age-specific differences and the implications for infection-induced immunity are beginning to be uncovered. We show by longitudinal multimodal analysis that SARS-CoV-2 leaves a small footprint in the circulating T cell compartment in children with mild/asymptomatic COVID-19 compared to adult household contacts with the same disease severity who had more evidence of systemic T cell interferon activation, cytotoxicity and exhaustion. Children harbored diverse polyclonal SARS-CoV-2-specific naïve T cells whereas adults harbored clonally expanded SARS-CoV-2-specific memory T cells. A novel population of naïve interferon-activated T cells is expanded in acute COVID-19 and is recruited into the memory compartment during convalescence in adults but not children. This was associated with the development of robust CD4[SUP]+[/SUP] memory T cell responses in adults but not children. These data suggest that rapid clearance of SARS-CoV-2 in children may compromise their cellular immunity and ability to resist reinfection.
Keywords: COVID-19; Clonal dynamics; Interferon-activated naive T cells; Memory T cells; SARS-CoV-2; Single cell transcriptomics; T cell receptor repertoire.
. 2022 Dec 17;109209.
doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109209. Online ahead of print.
Tracking the clonal dynamics of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in children and adults with mild/asymptomatic COVID-19
Weng Hua Khoo[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Katherine Jackson[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Chansavath Phetsouphanh[SUP] 3 [/SUP], John J Zaunders[SUP] 4 [/SUP], José Alquicira-Hernandez[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Seyhan Yazar[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Stephanie Ruiz-Diaz[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Mandeep Singh[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Rama Dhenni[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Wunna Kyaw[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Fiona Tea[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Vera Merheb[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Fiona X Z Lee[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Rebecca Burrell[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Annaleise Howard-Jones[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Archana Koirala[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Li Zhou[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Aysen Yuksel[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Daniel R Catchpoole[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Catherine L Lai[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Tennille L Vitagliano[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Romain Rouet[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Daniel Christ[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Benjamin Tang[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Nicholas P West[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Shane George[SUP] 13 [/SUP], John Gerrard[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Peter I Croucher[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Anthony D Kelleher[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Christopher G Goodnow[SUP] 15 [/SUP], Jonathan D Sprent[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Joseph E Powell[SUP] 16 [/SUP], Fabienne Brilot[SUP] 17 [/SUP], Ralph Nanan[SUP] 18 [/SUP], Peter S Hsu[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Elissa K Deenick[SUP] 19 [/SUP], Philip N Britton[SUP] 20 [/SUP], Tri Giang Phan[SUP] 21 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 36539107
- DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109209
Abstract
Children infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) develop less severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) than adults. The mechanisms for the age-specific differences and the implications for infection-induced immunity are beginning to be uncovered. We show by longitudinal multimodal analysis that SARS-CoV-2 leaves a small footprint in the circulating T cell compartment in children with mild/asymptomatic COVID-19 compared to adult household contacts with the same disease severity who had more evidence of systemic T cell interferon activation, cytotoxicity and exhaustion. Children harbored diverse polyclonal SARS-CoV-2-specific naïve T cells whereas adults harbored clonally expanded SARS-CoV-2-specific memory T cells. A novel population of naïve interferon-activated T cells is expanded in acute COVID-19 and is recruited into the memory compartment during convalescence in adults but not children. This was associated with the development of robust CD4[SUP]+[/SUP] memory T cell responses in adults but not children. These data suggest that rapid clearance of SARS-CoV-2 in children may compromise their cellular immunity and ability to resist reinfection.
Keywords: COVID-19; Clonal dynamics; Interferon-activated naive T cells; Memory T cells; SARS-CoV-2; Single cell transcriptomics; T cell receptor repertoire.