tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Clin Immunol
. 2023 Jul 26;109712.
doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109712. Online ahead of print. Cytolytic CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T cell response to SARS-CoV-2 and non-SARS-CoV-2-related viruses is associated with severe manifestation of COVID-19
Kristina Allers[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Verena Moos[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jörg Hofmann[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Mario Witkowski[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Hildrun Haibel[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Stefan Angermair[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Thomas Schneider[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Little is known about the CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T cell functionality in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Therefore, we examined twenty-five hospitalized COVID-19 patients with moderate (MD) or severe disease (SD) as well as seventeen SARS-CoV-2-unexposed persons regarding the cytolytic and cytokine-producing reactivity of their CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T cells. Reactive CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T cells were detectable in 90% of the unexposed persons, confirming high cross-reactive immune memory in the general population. Compared to unexposed persons and MD patients, SD patients had higher numbers of SARS-CoV-2 reactive CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T cells with cytolytic function that can simultaneously produce inflammatory cytokines. In addition, SD patients showed higher CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T cell reactivity against non-SARS-CoV-2-related viruses, which was mainly mediated by cytolytic response. Sequence alignments showed that cross-reactivities with the Spike protein could contribute to the expansion of such cells. Since insufficiently regulated cytolytic CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T cells can damage peripheral and vascular tissue structures, high levels of both SARS-CoV-2-reactive and heterologously activated cytolytic CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T cells could favor severe disease progression.
Keywords: Bystander activation; CD8(+) T cell response; COVID-19; Cytolytic CD8(+) T cells; Heterologous T cell activation; SARS-CoV-2.
. 2023 Jul 26;109712.
doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109712. Online ahead of print. Cytolytic CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T cell response to SARS-CoV-2 and non-SARS-CoV-2-related viruses is associated with severe manifestation of COVID-19
Kristina Allers[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Verena Moos[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jörg Hofmann[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Mario Witkowski[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Hildrun Haibel[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Stefan Angermair[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Thomas Schneider[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 37506745
- DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109712
Little is known about the CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T cell functionality in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Therefore, we examined twenty-five hospitalized COVID-19 patients with moderate (MD) or severe disease (SD) as well as seventeen SARS-CoV-2-unexposed persons regarding the cytolytic and cytokine-producing reactivity of their CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T cells. Reactive CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T cells were detectable in 90% of the unexposed persons, confirming high cross-reactive immune memory in the general population. Compared to unexposed persons and MD patients, SD patients had higher numbers of SARS-CoV-2 reactive CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T cells with cytolytic function that can simultaneously produce inflammatory cytokines. In addition, SD patients showed higher CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T cell reactivity against non-SARS-CoV-2-related viruses, which was mainly mediated by cytolytic response. Sequence alignments showed that cross-reactivities with the Spike protein could contribute to the expansion of such cells. Since insufficiently regulated cytolytic CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T cells can damage peripheral and vascular tissue structures, high levels of both SARS-CoV-2-reactive and heterologously activated cytolytic CD8[SUP]+[/SUP] T cells could favor severe disease progression.
Keywords: Bystander activation; CD8(+) T cell response; COVID-19; Cytolytic CD8(+) T cells; Heterologous T cell activation; SARS-CoV-2.