Shiloh
Editor, Senior Moderator
Source: http://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-perspective/2018/09/stewardship-resistance-scan-sep-26-2018
Stewardship / Resistance Scan for Sep 26, 2018
Incentives for antibiotic development; Fecal transplant for stem cell recipients
Filed Under:
Antimicrobial Stewardship
[h=3]Stakeholders recommend incentivizing antibiotic development[/h] Twelve European third-party stakeholders made recommendations for ensuring antibiotic development and the equitable availability and responsible use of effective antibiotics, focusing on new incentives, according to a commentary yesterday in Clinical Infectious Diseases.
Unlike patients or providers, third-party stakeholders represent governments, regulatory agencies and professionals working in research and development. In interviews, the 12 stakeholders emphasized the lack of sufficient financial incentives for the development of new antibiotics.
The experts, interviewed in 2016 and 2017, recommended a new model of antibiotic development, one not based on the volume of sales (which promotes overuse) but instead one that rewards the discovery of new antimicrobial agents. The stakeholders also said there was a need for "better" drugs (eg, single-dose oral regimens with fewer side effects).
The stakeholders also recommended sustained global coordination to ensure antibiotic access throughout the world, in line with the World Health Organization's Medicines and Health Products Programme Strategic Framework 2016-2030.
"The recommendations presented here should be further developed in to cross-sectoral international policies to address these challenges. Indeed, no single sector can possibly curb [antimicrobial resistance] on its own," the authors concluded.
Sep 26 Clin Infect Dis commentary
[h=3]Auto-fecal transplant shown effective in stem cell transplant patients[/h] US scientists have used auto?fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) to successfully restore the integrity of the gut microbiome in a vulnerable population?stem cell transplant patients who receive antibiotics?according to the results of a phase 2 clinical trial published today in Science Translational Medicine.
Antibiotics wipe out beneficial bacteria vital to patients' gut microbiomes and their ability to fight infection, so the findings present a potential strategy to counter the persistent problem.
The researchers' approach aims to reestablish gut bacteria in patients who received antibiotics after a form of stem cell transplantation known as allo-HSCT. The team used a type of transplantation known as autologous FMT, which involves taking stool samples from a patient before a procedure and reintroducing them into the intestines afterward.
The investigators sequenced fecal samples from a cohort of allo-HSCT patients and confirmed that antibiotic treatment reduced microbial diversity. The scientists then gathered and froze stool samples from 25 patients who underwent allo-HSCT and performed auto-FMT on 14 of the patients after stem cell transplantation. The other 11 served as controls.
Analysis of stool samples taken over the course of a year showed that auto-FMT was associated with a higher diversity of bacterial species and restored microbial composition, an effect not seen with the 11 controls.
Sep 25 Sci Transl Med study
Stewardship / Resistance Scan for Sep 26, 2018
Incentives for antibiotic development; Fecal transplant for stem cell recipients
Filed Under:
Antimicrobial Stewardship
[h=3]Stakeholders recommend incentivizing antibiotic development[/h] Twelve European third-party stakeholders made recommendations for ensuring antibiotic development and the equitable availability and responsible use of effective antibiotics, focusing on new incentives, according to a commentary yesterday in Clinical Infectious Diseases.
Unlike patients or providers, third-party stakeholders represent governments, regulatory agencies and professionals working in research and development. In interviews, the 12 stakeholders emphasized the lack of sufficient financial incentives for the development of new antibiotics.
The experts, interviewed in 2016 and 2017, recommended a new model of antibiotic development, one not based on the volume of sales (which promotes overuse) but instead one that rewards the discovery of new antimicrobial agents. The stakeholders also said there was a need for "better" drugs (eg, single-dose oral regimens with fewer side effects).
The stakeholders also recommended sustained global coordination to ensure antibiotic access throughout the world, in line with the World Health Organization's Medicines and Health Products Programme Strategic Framework 2016-2030.
"The recommendations presented here should be further developed in to cross-sectoral international policies to address these challenges. Indeed, no single sector can possibly curb [antimicrobial resistance] on its own," the authors concluded.
Sep 26 Clin Infect Dis commentary
[h=3]Auto-fecal transplant shown effective in stem cell transplant patients[/h] US scientists have used auto?fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) to successfully restore the integrity of the gut microbiome in a vulnerable population?stem cell transplant patients who receive antibiotics?according to the results of a phase 2 clinical trial published today in Science Translational Medicine.
Antibiotics wipe out beneficial bacteria vital to patients' gut microbiomes and their ability to fight infection, so the findings present a potential strategy to counter the persistent problem.
The researchers' approach aims to reestablish gut bacteria in patients who received antibiotics after a form of stem cell transplantation known as allo-HSCT. The team used a type of transplantation known as autologous FMT, which involves taking stool samples from a patient before a procedure and reintroducing them into the intestines afterward.
The investigators sequenced fecal samples from a cohort of allo-HSCT patients and confirmed that antibiotic treatment reduced microbial diversity. The scientists then gathered and froze stool samples from 25 patients who underwent allo-HSCT and performed auto-FMT on 14 of the patients after stem cell transplantation. The other 11 served as controls.
Analysis of stool samples taken over the course of a year showed that auto-FMT was associated with a higher diversity of bacterial species and restored microbial composition, an effect not seen with the 11 controls.
Sep 25 Sci Transl Med study