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Environmental specimens from COVID-19 vaccination units in some provinces test positive in response to disease control
2021-01-24 22:13
Beijing News Express According to the official website of China Disease Control and Prevention, recently, some provinces have tested positive for the new crown virus in environmental samples collected and tested by the new crown vaccination unit, which has caused confusion in vaccination and monitoring. After organizing experts to analyze and judge, the
1. Nucleic acid test results and source determination of environmental samples of inoculated units
The Institute of Viral Diseases of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention conducted nucleic acid tests on the environmental samples of COVID-19 vaccination units collected in some provinces and cities. The results showed that the desktops, walls, door handles and corridors of the vaccination units (injection room, observation room, external corridor, etc.) Environmental samples are positive for the new coronavirus nucleic acid.
The above-mentioned positive environmental samples and the residual liquid in the vaccine bottle were simultaneously sequenced for the whole genome of the new coronavirus. The results showed that the genome sequence of the virus in the environmental sample was consistent with the vaccine strain in the tested vaccine vial, and there was a significant difference in the composition of the genome variant sites of the currently circulating virus strain. It is preliminarily determined that the viral nucleic acid in the new crown vaccination environment comes from the vaccine liquid.
2. Research on the risk of positive nucleic acid in environmental samples of inoculated units
(1) Analysis of the cause of positive nucleic acid and infectious risk.
The new coronavirus inactivated vaccine is prepared by culturing and inactivating wild viruses. The virus has lost its infectivity and pathogenicity, but still retains relatively complete viral nucleic acid fragments. During the vaccination process, opening the vaccine bottle, extracting the vaccine solution, exhausting the syringe, the liquid residue in the syringe or the vaccine bottle after vaccination, etc. may contaminate the vaccination table, wall, door handle, etc. in the form of liquid or aerosol. Corridor, inoculation personnel and the surface of objects such as the clothing of the recipient.
Because the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection sensitivity is extremely high, if the nucleic acid fragment is sampled before it is degraded, the nucleic acid test result is likely to be positive. Since the viral nucleic acid in the inactivated vaccine has no activity, it is not infectious.
(2) Risk analysis of the scope of vaccine nucleic acid contamination in the environment of the inoculation unit.
During the vaccination process, the aerosol or vaccine residue liquid containing viral nucleic acid that may be produced by the vaccination operation may contaminate the tabletop, ground, staff and recipients of the vaccination room and the surface of their personal belongings, and may spread to a long distance. Nucleic acid contamination in injection rooms, observation rooms, external corridors, other departments near the vaccination clinic, and toilets.
The scope of nucleic acid contamination may be affected by the number of vaccinated populations, the number of staff, activities, and air circulation.
(3) The risk that the staff will have a positive nucleic acid test due to environmental exposure.
During the vaccination process, the vaccine solution may contaminate the surface of the staff’s clothing, gloves or their personal belongings, resulting in a positive nucleic acid test in the contaminated area. Some provinces tested positive for the nucleic acid of the vaccine strain virus in the environment of the inoculation unit, and the nucleic acid test of the nasopharyngeal swab carried out by the staff was negative.
Although there is no report of a positive nucleic acid test in nasopharyngeal swabs caused by aerosol caused by the inhalation of vaccine liquid, there is still need for attention and research evaluation.
Three, suggestions
(1) Suggestions for monitoring environmental specimens of inoculation units.
In view of the fact that the new crown vaccination work of each vaccination unit will continue for a period of time, the risk of the vaccination site being contaminated by the vaccine nucleic acid is high. If the routine monitoring of the vaccination environment will interfere with the epidemic monitoring and early warning, it is not recommended to routinely conduct the environment of the vaccination unit Specimen collection and nucleic acid testing.
If surveillance has been carried out and it is found to be positive, or the viral nucleic acid test of environmental samples collected near the vaccination site is positive, it is recommended to use the virus genome sequencing method to determine whether the nucleic acid is a vaccine strain.
If a new crown epidemic occurs in the local area and the epidemiological information indicates that the epidemic is related to the staff of the vaccination unit or the recipient, the environment and population of the specific vaccination unit can be sampled according to the actual situation, combined with the epidemiological information and the results of viral genome sequencing Comprehensive research and judgment.
(2) Suggestions on the implementation of inoculation organization and environmental disinfection.
The first is to reduce the number of accompanying persons for the recipients, do a good job in the health screening of the recipients and accompanying persons, and require them to wear masks as required when entering the vaccination unit, and conduct health inquiries and temperature checks.
The second is to complete the new crown vaccination for the staff of the vaccination unit in accordance with the requirements of the joint prevention and control mechanism for the new crown vaccination of key populations and the principle of doing everything possible.
Third, vaccination workers should take corresponding protective measures, wear masks, gowns, work caps, gloves, etc. After vaccination, take off personal protection and treat them as medical waste. Wash hands before vaccination or use hand-free disinfection Disinfect the drug, change a new mask when leaving the room, do not bring personal belongings into the vaccination room, and comply with local regulations on the prevention and control of the new crown epidemic.
The fourth is to keep the environment of the inoculation unit clean, strengthen ventilation, and do regular cleaning and disinfection work in accordance with the regulations. When the nucleic acid of the vaccine strain is positive in environmental samples, no additional large-scale killing measures are required.
The fifth is to strengthen the management of medical waste of the new crown vaccination unit, use double-layer garbage bags for packaging and tighten the seal to prevent the nucleic acid of the vaccine strain from polluting the environment outside the inoculation unit through medical waste, etc.
https://www.bjnews.com.cn/detail/161149744115269.html
2021-01-24 22:13
Beijing News Express According to the official website of China Disease Control and Prevention, recently, some provinces have tested positive for the new crown virus in environmental samples collected and tested by the new crown vaccination unit, which has caused confusion in vaccination and monitoring. After organizing experts to analyze and judge, the
Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention recently issued the " Technical Recommendations on Environmental Specimen Monitoring of New Coronary Vaccination Units". The full text of the recommendation is as follows:
1. Nucleic acid test results and source determination of environmental samples of inoculated units
The Institute of Viral Diseases of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention conducted nucleic acid tests on the environmental samples of COVID-19 vaccination units collected in some provinces and cities. The results showed that the desktops, walls, door handles and corridors of the vaccination units (injection room, observation room, external corridor, etc.) Environmental samples are positive for the new coronavirus nucleic acid.
The above-mentioned positive environmental samples and the residual liquid in the vaccine bottle were simultaneously sequenced for the whole genome of the new coronavirus. The results showed that the genome sequence of the virus in the environmental sample was consistent with the vaccine strain in the tested vaccine vial, and there was a significant difference in the composition of the genome variant sites of the currently circulating virus strain. It is preliminarily determined that the viral nucleic acid in the new crown vaccination environment comes from the vaccine liquid.
2. Research on the risk of positive nucleic acid in environmental samples of inoculated units
(1) Analysis of the cause of positive nucleic acid and infectious risk.
The new coronavirus inactivated vaccine is prepared by culturing and inactivating wild viruses. The virus has lost its infectivity and pathogenicity, but still retains relatively complete viral nucleic acid fragments. During the vaccination process, opening the vaccine bottle, extracting the vaccine solution, exhausting the syringe, the liquid residue in the syringe or the vaccine bottle after vaccination, etc. may contaminate the vaccination table, wall, door handle, etc. in the form of liquid or aerosol. Corridor, inoculation personnel and the surface of objects such as the clothing of the recipient.
Because the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection sensitivity is extremely high, if the nucleic acid fragment is sampled before it is degraded, the nucleic acid test result is likely to be positive. Since the viral nucleic acid in the inactivated vaccine has no activity, it is not infectious.
(2) Risk analysis of the scope of vaccine nucleic acid contamination in the environment of the inoculation unit.
During the vaccination process, the aerosol or vaccine residue liquid containing viral nucleic acid that may be produced by the vaccination operation may contaminate the tabletop, ground, staff and recipients of the vaccination room and the surface of their personal belongings, and may spread to a long distance. Nucleic acid contamination in injection rooms, observation rooms, external corridors, other departments near the vaccination clinic, and toilets.
The scope of nucleic acid contamination may be affected by the number of vaccinated populations, the number of staff, activities, and air circulation.
(3) The risk that the staff will have a positive nucleic acid test due to environmental exposure.
During the vaccination process, the vaccine solution may contaminate the surface of the staff’s clothing, gloves or their personal belongings, resulting in a positive nucleic acid test in the contaminated area. Some provinces tested positive for the nucleic acid of the vaccine strain virus in the environment of the inoculation unit, and the nucleic acid test of the nasopharyngeal swab carried out by the staff was negative.
Although there is no report of a positive nucleic acid test in nasopharyngeal swabs caused by aerosol caused by the inhalation of vaccine liquid, there is still need for attention and research evaluation.
Three, suggestions
(1) Suggestions for monitoring environmental specimens of inoculation units.
In view of the fact that the new crown vaccination work of each vaccination unit will continue for a period of time, the risk of the vaccination site being contaminated by the vaccine nucleic acid is high. If the routine monitoring of the vaccination environment will interfere with the epidemic monitoring and early warning, it is not recommended to routinely conduct the environment of the vaccination unit Specimen collection and nucleic acid testing.
If surveillance has been carried out and it is found to be positive, or the viral nucleic acid test of environmental samples collected near the vaccination site is positive, it is recommended to use the virus genome sequencing method to determine whether the nucleic acid is a vaccine strain.
If a new crown epidemic occurs in the local area and the epidemiological information indicates that the epidemic is related to the staff of the vaccination unit or the recipient, the environment and population of the specific vaccination unit can be sampled according to the actual situation, combined with the epidemiological information and the results of viral genome sequencing Comprehensive research and judgment.
(2) Suggestions on the implementation of inoculation organization and environmental disinfection.
The first is to reduce the number of accompanying persons for the recipients, do a good job in the health screening of the recipients and accompanying persons, and require them to wear masks as required when entering the vaccination unit, and conduct health inquiries and temperature checks.
The second is to complete the new crown vaccination for the staff of the vaccination unit in accordance with the requirements of the joint prevention and control mechanism for the new crown vaccination of key populations and the principle of doing everything possible.
Third, vaccination workers should take corresponding protective measures, wear masks, gowns, work caps, gloves, etc. After vaccination, take off personal protection and treat them as medical waste. Wash hands before vaccination or use hand-free disinfection Disinfect the drug, change a new mask when leaving the room, do not bring personal belongings into the vaccination room, and comply with local regulations on the prevention and control of the new crown epidemic.
The fourth is to keep the environment of the inoculation unit clean, strengthen ventilation, and do regular cleaning and disinfection work in accordance with the regulations. When the nucleic acid of the vaccine strain is positive in environmental samples, no additional large-scale killing measures are required.
The fifth is to strengthen the management of medical waste of the new crown vaccination unit, use double-layer garbage bags for packaging and tighten the seal to prevent the nucleic acid of the vaccine strain from polluting the environment outside the inoculation unit through medical waste, etc.
https://www.bjnews.com.cn/detail/161149744115269.html