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Chikungunya and H5N1

DB

Valued Member
It is well known that H5N1 can be misdiagnosed as dengue, but this report highlights what I have been saying for some time.

H5N1 can be misdiagnosed as Chikungunya.

http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=53312&SelectRegion=Horn_of_Africa&SelectCountry=DJIBOUTI

DJIBOUTI, 12 May 2006 (IRIN) - Health authorities in Djibouti have reported the first human case of the deadly H5N1 bird flu strain.

In a radio and television address on Thursday, Djibouti?s health minister, Abdallah Abdillahi Miguil, announced that a young girl had been hospitalised with the H5N1 strain of the avian flu virus. Samples from other family members, who had shown flu-like symptoms, had been sent to the laboratory Namru III in Cairo, the Egyptian capital.

The patient comes from a small village, about 30km south of Djiboutiville, the capital. She is receiving treatment at Bouffard, a French military hospital.

Rumours of an outbreak of fever had been circulating in Djiboutiville since the beginning of April, according to an official from Djibouti?s health ministry. It was originally believed to be dengue fever or chikungunya, a mosquito-borne fever that has been reported recently in Mauritius and Reunion. The government, with the help of United States and French troops, and in collaboration with the United Nations World Health Organization (WHO), took several blood samples for testing.

A sample taken from the child, who showed symptoms of fever, tested positive for H5N1 on 27 April. Three chickens were found to be infected with the virus as well.

The confirmation of a human case is alarming, because Djibouti imports chickens from abroad and has no poultry farms. "We are shortly going to ban the import of live poultry. I urge people to cook chicken well before eating it," Miguil said. "We will soon review our mechanisms of disease control. But I ask parents to watch their children and prevent them from playing with birds and from going near dead birds."

People in the capital have panicked since the announcement and stopped eating chicken. Said Ali, the owner of an open-air restaurant, regretted that the announcement was made in the early evening, when the food was already cooked. "If the minister had made his announcement in the morning, we could have made arrangements, but now it?s too late to throw it all away."

"Bird flu will be our only topic of conversation among friends," said Osman Ali, an 18-year-old student.

Confirmation of H5N1 in chickens puts Djibouti in phase III of the global pandemic, according to the WHO definition. Egypt is the only other country in Africa to have reported human infection of the disease.


It is beyond me why there have been no warnings about the potential for H5N1 to be infecting people in many states of India where Chikungunya is currently running wild as is H5N1.

This inability to even issue a warning about such a potential shows how incapable WHO is at handling the situation.

But what else is new.
 
Re: Chikungunya and H5N1

Yes, and if you look at the numbers of Chickungunya in India, I wonder what they are in Africa?

So how can they test all these people. We have a problem. The following is from WHO.
http://www.who.int/csr/don/2006_02_17a/en/print.html


Between 28 Mar 2005 and 12 Feb 2006, 1722 [officially documented] cases of chikungunya have been notified by physicians from a sentinel network in
Reunion Island, including 326 [equal to approx. one-fifth of officially
documented] cases reported during the week 6 to 12 Feb 2006.

Estimations from a mathematical model indicate that 110 000 people [64-fold
more] may have been infected by chikungunya virus since March 2005 in Reunion Island, including 22 000 persons [68-fold more] during the week 6-12 Feb 2006.


Symptoms appear between 4 and 7 days after the
patient has been bitten by the infected mosquito. A high fever and headache
occur, with significant pains in the joints (ankles, wrists) and can persist
for several weeks.

Though this disease is rarely fatal, the symptoms are very close to Bird Flu.



Over 78,000 cases of chikungunya reported in State
Sat April 22 2006
Nagesh Prabhu
http://www.thehindu.com/2006/04/22/stories...42213090400.htm
Disease said to be widespread in Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra

Disease was prevalent in North Karnataka
It has now spread to Bangalore, Tumkur and Kolar districts
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


BANGALORE: Chikungunya, a viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes, is widely prevalent in the State, and over 78,000 people in 61 taluks have been infected.

The disease, which was so far concentrated in the districts of North Karnataka, has now spread to Bangalore Rural, Bangalore Urban, Tumkur and Kolar districts. As many as 78,175 people had been infected with the disease in 101 taluk of 15 districts till Wednesday. Symptoms include high fever and pain in the limbs. The disease is widespread in neighbouring Andhra Pradesh and Maharashtra.

The highest number of people infected is in Gulbarga district (31,304) followed by Raichur (14,614), Tumkur (10,818), Bidar (9,784), Chitradurga (3867), Bellary (3358), Bangalore Rural (476), Kolar (206) and Bangalore Urban (87). Over 600 villages in Gulbarga district and 360 villages in Bidar district have been affected, Basavaraju, Commissioner, Health and Family Welfare Services, told The Hindu on Thursday.



It has also spread to Belgum, France and Germany, but not in these numbers.

http://www.promedmail.org/pls/promed/f?p=2...IL_ID:1010,3277

So, how do they tell them apart from Avian Flu? It must be almost impossible to test all these cases.
 
Re: Chikungunya and H5N1

Does chik cause any respiratory illness, or diarrhea? Those are two common clinical presentations that might help distinguish the two. Although almost all viral infections have that same body aches and lethargy in the first day or so of infection (due to cytokine activiation) the rapid development of either may prompt a different diagnosis to test for.
 
Re: Chikungunya and H5N1

Siam:

Welcome to the forum!

You have a good point - what is Chik doing in Africa. Considering it originally did the species jump in Tanzania, logic would tell us there sould be many cases there. However, since the host species was indiginous, perhaps the locals had some immunity OR it did its mutation was accelerated outside Tanzania.


PS - are you from Siam?

.
 
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