Giuseppe
Emeritus
[Source: Chest, full text: (LINK). Abstract, edited.]
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Original Research| January 2013
Bacterial Bronchitis Caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Nontypable Haemophilus influenzae in Children
Kostas N. Priftis, PhD; David Litt, PhD; Sapna Manglani, PhD; Michael B. Anthracopoulos, PhD; Keith Thickett, PhD; Georgina Tzanakaki, PhD; Patricia Fenton, MD; George A Syrogiannopoulos, PhD; Aliki Vogiatzi, MD; Konstantinos Douros, PhD; Mary Slack, PhD; Mark L. Everard, MBChB, DM
Author and Funding Information: From the Third Department of Paediatrics (Drs Priftis and Douros), University General Hospital Attikon, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Respiratory and Systemic Infection Laboratory (Drs Litt, Manglani, and Slack), HPA Microbiology Services, Colindale, Health Protection Agency, London, England; Respiratory Unit, Department of Paediatrics (Dr Anthracopoulos), University of Patras, Patra, Greece; Microbiology Department (Dr Thickett), Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, England; National Meningitis Reference Laboratory (Dr Tzanakaki), National School of Public Health, Athens, Greece; Microbiology Department (Dr Fenton), Western Bank, and Department of Respiratory Medicine (Dr Everard), Sheffield Children?s NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, England; Department of Pediatrics (Dr Syrogiannopoulos), University of Thessaly, School of Medicine, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece; Department of Clinical Microbiology (Dr Vogiatzi), ?Penteli? Children?s Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Correspondence to: Mark L. Everard, MBChB, DM, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sheffield Children?s NHS Foundation Trust, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TH, England; e-mail: m.l.everard@sheffield.ac.uk
Funding/Support: The authors have reported to CHEST that no funding was received for this study.
Reproduction of this article is prohibited without written permission from the American College of Chest Physicians. See online for more details.
CHEST. January 2013;143(1):152-157. doi:10.1378/chest.12-0623 - Published online
Abstract
Background:
Protracted bacterial bronchitis is a major cause of persistent cough in childhood. The organisms most commonly isolated are nontypable Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae. There are no studies addressing typing of these organisms when recovered from the lower airways.
Methods:
Isolates of these two organisms (identified in BAL samples from children undergoing routine investigation of a chronic cough thought to be attributable to a protracted bacterial bronchitis) were subject to typing. Samples were collected in Sheffield, England, and Athens, Greece. The majority of the children from Sheffield had received pneumococcal-conjugate vaccines 7 or 13 (PCV-7 or PCV-13) conjugate vaccine but only a minority of Greek children had received PCV-7.
Results:
All 18 S pneumoniae isolates from Greek BAL samples are serotypes contained in PCV-13 while 10 are contained in PCV-7. In contrast, 28 of the 39 samples from Sheffield contained serotypes that are not included in PCV-13. All 26 of the nontypable H influenzae samples obtained in Sheffield produced distinct multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis profiles. There was a significant difference between children from Athens and Sheffield in the distribution of serotypes contained or not contained in the pneumococcal vaccine (P = .04). More specifically, immunization with pneumococcal vaccine was related with isolation of S pneumoniae serotypes not included in the vaccine (OR, 0.021; CI, 0.003-0.115; P < .001).
Conclusions:
The data suggest that both vaccine and nonvaccine Spneumoniae serotypes may play a role in protracted bacterial bronchitis and provide some hints that serotype replacement may occur in response to the introduction of conjugate vaccines.
-Bacterial Bronchitis Caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Nontypable Haemophilus influenzae in Children
Kostas N. Priftis, PhD; David Litt, PhD; Sapna Manglani, PhD; Michael B. Anthracopoulos, PhD; Keith Thickett, PhD; Georgina Tzanakaki, PhD; Patricia Fenton, MD; George A Syrogiannopoulos, PhD; Aliki Vogiatzi, MD; Konstantinos Douros, PhD; Mary Slack, PhD; Mark L. Everard, MBChB, DM
Author and Funding Information: From the Third Department of Paediatrics (Drs Priftis and Douros), University General Hospital Attikon, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Respiratory and Systemic Infection Laboratory (Drs Litt, Manglani, and Slack), HPA Microbiology Services, Colindale, Health Protection Agency, London, England; Respiratory Unit, Department of Paediatrics (Dr Anthracopoulos), University of Patras, Patra, Greece; Microbiology Department (Dr Thickett), Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, England; National Meningitis Reference Laboratory (Dr Tzanakaki), National School of Public Health, Athens, Greece; Microbiology Department (Dr Fenton), Western Bank, and Department of Respiratory Medicine (Dr Everard), Sheffield Children?s NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, England; Department of Pediatrics (Dr Syrogiannopoulos), University of Thessaly, School of Medicine, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece; Department of Clinical Microbiology (Dr Vogiatzi), ?Penteli? Children?s Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Correspondence to: Mark L. Everard, MBChB, DM, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sheffield Children?s NHS Foundation Trust, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TH, England; e-mail: m.l.everard@sheffield.ac.uk
Funding/Support: The authors have reported to CHEST that no funding was received for this study.
Reproduction of this article is prohibited without written permission from the American College of Chest Physicians. See online for more details.
CHEST. January 2013;143(1):152-157. doi:10.1378/chest.12-0623 - Published online
Abstract
Background:
Protracted bacterial bronchitis is a major cause of persistent cough in childhood. The organisms most commonly isolated are nontypable Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae. There are no studies addressing typing of these organisms when recovered from the lower airways.
Methods:
Isolates of these two organisms (identified in BAL samples from children undergoing routine investigation of a chronic cough thought to be attributable to a protracted bacterial bronchitis) were subject to typing. Samples were collected in Sheffield, England, and Athens, Greece. The majority of the children from Sheffield had received pneumococcal-conjugate vaccines 7 or 13 (PCV-7 or PCV-13) conjugate vaccine but only a minority of Greek children had received PCV-7.
Results:
All 18 S pneumoniae isolates from Greek BAL samples are serotypes contained in PCV-13 while 10 are contained in PCV-7. In contrast, 28 of the 39 samples from Sheffield contained serotypes that are not included in PCV-13. All 26 of the nontypable H influenzae samples obtained in Sheffield produced distinct multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis profiles. There was a significant difference between children from Athens and Sheffield in the distribution of serotypes contained or not contained in the pneumococcal vaccine (P = .04). More specifically, immunization with pneumococcal vaccine was related with isolation of S pneumoniae serotypes not included in the vaccine (OR, 0.021; CI, 0.003-0.115; P < .001).
Conclusions:
The data suggest that both vaccine and nonvaccine Spneumoniae serotypes may play a role in protracted bacterial bronchitis and provide some hints that serotype replacement may occur in response to the introduction of conjugate vaccines.
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