tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Cell Rep
. 2025 May 12;44(5):115696.
doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115696. Online ahead of print. SARS-CoV-2 nsp1 mediates broad inhibition of translation in mammals
Risako Gen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Amin Addetia[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Daniel Asarnow[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Young-Jun Park[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Joel Quispe[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Matthew C Chan[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jack T Brown[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jimin Lee[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Melody G Campbell[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Christopher P Lapointe[SUP] 2 [/SUP], David Veesler[SUP] 3 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) non-structural protein 1 (nsp1) promotes innate immune evasion by inhibiting host translation in human cells. However, the role of nsp1 in other host species remains elusive, especially in bats-natural reservoirs of sarbecoviruses with a markedly different innate immune system than humans. We reveal that nsp1 potently inhibits translation in Rhinolophus lepidus bat cells, which belong to the same genus as known sarbecovirus reservoir hosts. We determined a cryoelectron microscopy structure of nsp1 bound to the R. lepidus 40S ribosomal subunit, showing that it blocks the mRNA entry channel by targeting a highly conserved site among mammals. Accordingly, we found that nsp1 blocked protein translation in mammalian cells from several species, underscoring its broadly inhibitory activity and conserved role in numerous SARS-CoV-2 hosts. Our findings illuminate the arms race between coronaviruses and mammalian host immunity, providing a foundation for understanding the determinants of viral maintenance in bat hosts and spillover.
Keywords: CP: Microbiology; Cryo-EM; Rhinolophus bats; SARS-CoV-2; cross-species transmission; infectious disease; innate immunity; nsp1; ribosome; structural biology; zoonosis.
. 2025 May 12;44(5):115696.
doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115696. Online ahead of print. SARS-CoV-2 nsp1 mediates broad inhibition of translation in mammals
Risako Gen[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Amin Addetia[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Daniel Asarnow[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Young-Jun Park[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Joel Quispe[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Matthew C Chan[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Jack T Brown[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jimin Lee[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Melody G Campbell[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Christopher P Lapointe[SUP] 2 [/SUP], David Veesler[SUP] 3 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 40359110
- DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115696
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) non-structural protein 1 (nsp1) promotes innate immune evasion by inhibiting host translation in human cells. However, the role of nsp1 in other host species remains elusive, especially in bats-natural reservoirs of sarbecoviruses with a markedly different innate immune system than humans. We reveal that nsp1 potently inhibits translation in Rhinolophus lepidus bat cells, which belong to the same genus as known sarbecovirus reservoir hosts. We determined a cryoelectron microscopy structure of nsp1 bound to the R. lepidus 40S ribosomal subunit, showing that it blocks the mRNA entry channel by targeting a highly conserved site among mammals. Accordingly, we found that nsp1 blocked protein translation in mammalian cells from several species, underscoring its broadly inhibitory activity and conserved role in numerous SARS-CoV-2 hosts. Our findings illuminate the arms race between coronaviruses and mammalian host immunity, providing a foundation for understanding the determinants of viral maintenance in bat hosts and spillover.
Keywords: CP: Microbiology; Cryo-EM; Rhinolophus bats; SARS-CoV-2; cross-species transmission; infectious disease; innate immunity; nsp1; ribosome; structural biology; zoonosis.