tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Cell Host Microbe
. 2020 Jul 23;S1931-3128(20)30402-9.
doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.07.006. Online ahead of print.
Surveillance of European Domestic Pig Populations Identifies an Emerging Reservoir of Potentially Zoonotic Swine Influenza A Viruses
Dinah Henritzi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Philipp Peter Petric[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Nicola Sarah Lewis[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Annika Graaf[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Alberto Pessia[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Elke Starick[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Angele Breithaupt[SUP] 5 [/SUP], G?nter Strebelow[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Christine Luttermann[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Larissa Mareike Kristin Parker[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Charlotte Schr?der[SUP] 5 [/SUP], B?rbel Hammerschmidt[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Georg Herrler[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Elisabeth Gro?e Beilage[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Daniel Stadlbauer[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Viviana Simon[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Florian Krammer[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Silke Wacheck[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Stefan Pesch[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Martin Schwemmle[SUP] 13 [/SUP], Martin Beer[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Timm Clemens Harder[SUP] 15 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Swine influenza A viruses (swIAVs) can play a crucial role in the generation of new human pandemic viruses. In this study, in-depth passive surveillance comprising nearly 2,500 European swine holdings and more than 18,000 individual samples identified a year-round presence of up to four major swIAV lineages on more than 50% of farms surveilled. Phylogenetic analyses show that intensive reassortment with human pandemic A(H1N1)/2009 (H1pdm) virus produced an expanding and novel repertoire of at least 31 distinct swIAV genotypes and 12 distinct hemagglutinin/neuraminidase combinations with largely unknown consequences for virulence and host tropism. Several viral isolates were resistant to the human antiviral MxA protein, a prerequisite for zoonotic transmission and stable introduction into human populations. A pronounced antigenic variation was noted in swIAV, and several H1pdm lineages antigenically distinct from current seasonal human H1pdm co-circulate in swine. Thus, European swine populations represent reservoirs for emerging IAV strains with zoonotic and, possibly, pre-pandemic potential.
Keywords: MxA; antigenic cartography; ferret model; influenza; prepandemic; surveillance; swine; zoonosis.
. 2020 Jul 23;S1931-3128(20)30402-9.
doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.07.006. Online ahead of print.
Surveillance of European Domestic Pig Populations Identifies an Emerging Reservoir of Potentially Zoonotic Swine Influenza A Viruses
Dinah Henritzi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Philipp Peter Petric[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Nicola Sarah Lewis[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Annika Graaf[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Alberto Pessia[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Elke Starick[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Angele Breithaupt[SUP] 5 [/SUP], G?nter Strebelow[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Christine Luttermann[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Larissa Mareike Kristin Parker[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Charlotte Schr?der[SUP] 5 [/SUP], B?rbel Hammerschmidt[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Georg Herrler[SUP] 8 [/SUP], Elisabeth Gro?e Beilage[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Daniel Stadlbauer[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Viviana Simon[SUP] 11 [/SUP], Florian Krammer[SUP] 10 [/SUP], Silke Wacheck[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Stefan Pesch[SUP] 12 [/SUP], Martin Schwemmle[SUP] 13 [/SUP], Martin Beer[SUP] 14 [/SUP], Timm Clemens Harder[SUP] 15 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 32721380
- DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.07.006
Abstract
Swine influenza A viruses (swIAVs) can play a crucial role in the generation of new human pandemic viruses. In this study, in-depth passive surveillance comprising nearly 2,500 European swine holdings and more than 18,000 individual samples identified a year-round presence of up to four major swIAV lineages on more than 50% of farms surveilled. Phylogenetic analyses show that intensive reassortment with human pandemic A(H1N1)/2009 (H1pdm) virus produced an expanding and novel repertoire of at least 31 distinct swIAV genotypes and 12 distinct hemagglutinin/neuraminidase combinations with largely unknown consequences for virulence and host tropism. Several viral isolates were resistant to the human antiviral MxA protein, a prerequisite for zoonotic transmission and stable introduction into human populations. A pronounced antigenic variation was noted in swIAV, and several H1pdm lineages antigenically distinct from current seasonal human H1pdm co-circulate in swine. Thus, European swine populations represent reservoirs for emerging IAV strains with zoonotic and, possibly, pre-pandemic potential.
Keywords: MxA; antigenic cartography; ferret model; influenza; prepandemic; surveillance; swine; zoonosis.