tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Cell
. 2020 Nov 23;S0092-8674(20)31565-8.
doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.11.029. Online ahead of print.
Functional SARS-CoV-2-Specific Immune Memory Persists after Mild COVID-19
Lauren B Rodda[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jason Netland[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Laila Shehata[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kurt B Pruner[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Peter A Morawski[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Christopher D Thouvenel[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Kennidy K Takehara[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Julie Eggenberger[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Emily A Hemann[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Hayley R Waterman[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Mitchell L Fahning[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Yu Chen[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Malika Hale[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jennifer Rathe[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Caleb Stokes[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Samuel Wrenn[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Brooke Fiala[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Lauren Carter[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Jessica A Hamerman[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Neil P King[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Michael Gale Jr[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Daniel J Campbell[SUP] 6 [/SUP], David J Rawlings[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Marion Pepper[SUP] 8 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus is causing a global pandemic, and cases continue to rise. Most infected individuals experience mildly symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but it is unknown whether this can induce persistent immune memory that could contribute to immunity. We performed a longitudinal assessment of individuals recovered from mild COVID-19 to determine whether they develop and sustain multifaceted SARS-CoV-2-specific immunological memory. Recovered individuals developed SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulin (IgG) antibodies, neutralizing plasma, and memory B and memory T cells that persisted for at least 3 months. Our data further reveal that SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG memory B cells increased over time. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2-specific memory lymphocytes exhibited characteristics associated with potent antiviral function: memory T cells secreted cytokines and expanded upon antigen re-encounter, whereas memory B cells expressed receptors capable of neutralizing virus when expressed as monoclonal antibodies. Therefore, mild COVID-19 elicits memory lymphocytes that persist and display functional hallmarks of antiviral immunity.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV2; adaptive immune response; human; memory B cell; memory T cell; monoclonal antibody; vaccine.
. 2020 Nov 23;S0092-8674(20)31565-8.
doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.11.029. Online ahead of print.
Functional SARS-CoV-2-Specific Immune Memory Persists after Mild COVID-19
Lauren B Rodda[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jason Netland[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Laila Shehata[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kurt B Pruner[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Peter A Morawski[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Christopher D Thouvenel[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Kennidy K Takehara[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Julie Eggenberger[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Emily A Hemann[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Hayley R Waterman[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Mitchell L Fahning[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Yu Chen[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Malika Hale[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jennifer Rathe[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Caleb Stokes[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Samuel Wrenn[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Brooke Fiala[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Lauren Carter[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Jessica A Hamerman[SUP] 6 [/SUP], Neil P King[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Michael Gale Jr[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Daniel J Campbell[SUP] 6 [/SUP], David J Rawlings[SUP] 7 [/SUP], Marion Pepper[SUP] 8 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 33296701
- DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.11.029
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus is causing a global pandemic, and cases continue to rise. Most infected individuals experience mildly symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but it is unknown whether this can induce persistent immune memory that could contribute to immunity. We performed a longitudinal assessment of individuals recovered from mild COVID-19 to determine whether they develop and sustain multifaceted SARS-CoV-2-specific immunological memory. Recovered individuals developed SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulin (IgG) antibodies, neutralizing plasma, and memory B and memory T cells that persisted for at least 3 months. Our data further reveal that SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG memory B cells increased over time. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2-specific memory lymphocytes exhibited characteristics associated with potent antiviral function: memory T cells secreted cytokines and expanded upon antigen re-encounter, whereas memory B cells expressed receptors capable of neutralizing virus when expressed as monoclonal antibodies. Therefore, mild COVID-19 elicits memory lymphocytes that persist and display functional hallmarks of antiviral immunity.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV2; adaptive immune response; human; memory B cell; memory T cell; monoclonal antibody; vaccine.