tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Cancer Res Treat
. 2023 Feb 9.
doi: 10.4143/crt.2022.1541. Online ahead of print.
Immunogenicity and Safety of Vaccines Against Coronavirus Disease in Actively Treated Patients with Solid Tumors: A Prospective Cohort Study
Yae Jee Baek[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Youn-Jung Lee[SUP] 1 [/SUP], So Ra Park[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kyoo Hyun Kim[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Seung-Hoon Beom[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Choong-Kun Lee[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Sang Joon Shin[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Sun Young Rha[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Sinyoung Kim[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Kyoung Hwa Lee[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Jung Ho Kim[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Su Jin Jeong[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Nam Su Ku[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jun Yong Choi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Joon-Sup Yeom[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Minkyu Jung[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jin Young Ahn[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Purpose: We aimed to assess the humoral response to and reactogenicity of COVID-19 vaccination according to the vaccine type and to analyze factors associated with immunogenicity in actively treated solid cancer patients (CPs).
Methods: Prospective cohorts of CPs, undergoing anticancer treatment, and healthcare workers (HCWs) were established. The participants had no history of previous COVID-19 and received either mRNA-based or adenovirus vector-based (AdV) vaccines as the primary series. Blood samples were collected before the first vaccination and after 2 weeks for each dose vaccination. Spike-specific binding antibodies (bAbs) in all participants and neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against SARS-CoV-2 wild-type, Delta, and Omicron variants in CPs were analyzed and presented as the geometric mean titer (GMT).
Results: Age-mateched twenty HCWs and 118 CPs were included in the analysis. The bAb seroconversion rate and antibody concentrations after the first vaccination were significantly lower in CPs than in HCWs. After the third vaccination, antibody levels in CPs with a primary series of AdV were comparable to those in HCWs, but nAb titers against the Omicron variant did not quantitatively increase in cancer patients with AdV vaccine as the primary series. The incidence and severity of adverse reactions post-vaccination were similar between CPs and HCWs.
Conclusion: CPs displayed delayed humoral immune response after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. The booster dose elicited comparable bAb concentrations between CPs and HCWs, regardless of the primary vaccine type. Neutralization against the Omicron variant was not robustly elicited following the booster dose in some CPs, implying the need for additional interventions to protect them from COVID-19.
Keywords: COVID-19 vaccine; Chemotherapy; Immunogenicity; Reactogenicity; Solid cancer.
. 2023 Feb 9.
doi: 10.4143/crt.2022.1541. Online ahead of print.
Immunogenicity and Safety of Vaccines Against Coronavirus Disease in Actively Treated Patients with Solid Tumors: A Prospective Cohort Study
Yae Jee Baek[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Youn-Jung Lee[SUP] 1 [/SUP], So Ra Park[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Kyoo Hyun Kim[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Seung-Hoon Beom[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Choong-Kun Lee[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Sang Joon Shin[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Sun Young Rha[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Sinyoung Kim[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Kyoung Hwa Lee[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Jung Ho Kim[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Su Jin Jeong[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Nam Su Ku[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jun Yong Choi[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Joon-Sup Yeom[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Minkyu Jung[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jin Young Ahn[SUP] 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 36758955
- DOI: 10.4143/crt.2022.1541
Abstract
Purpose: We aimed to assess the humoral response to and reactogenicity of COVID-19 vaccination according to the vaccine type and to analyze factors associated with immunogenicity in actively treated solid cancer patients (CPs).
Methods: Prospective cohorts of CPs, undergoing anticancer treatment, and healthcare workers (HCWs) were established. The participants had no history of previous COVID-19 and received either mRNA-based or adenovirus vector-based (AdV) vaccines as the primary series. Blood samples were collected before the first vaccination and after 2 weeks for each dose vaccination. Spike-specific binding antibodies (bAbs) in all participants and neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against SARS-CoV-2 wild-type, Delta, and Omicron variants in CPs were analyzed and presented as the geometric mean titer (GMT).
Results: Age-mateched twenty HCWs and 118 CPs were included in the analysis. The bAb seroconversion rate and antibody concentrations after the first vaccination were significantly lower in CPs than in HCWs. After the third vaccination, antibody levels in CPs with a primary series of AdV were comparable to those in HCWs, but nAb titers against the Omicron variant did not quantitatively increase in cancer patients with AdV vaccine as the primary series. The incidence and severity of adverse reactions post-vaccination were similar between CPs and HCWs.
Conclusion: CPs displayed delayed humoral immune response after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. The booster dose elicited comparable bAb concentrations between CPs and HCWs, regardless of the primary vaccine type. Neutralization against the Omicron variant was not robustly elicited following the booster dose in some CPs, implying the need for additional interventions to protect them from COVID-19.
Keywords: COVID-19 vaccine; Chemotherapy; Immunogenicity; Reactogenicity; Solid cancer.