Commonground
Senior Moderator
[bolding is mine]
This is a link from https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OPA/Pages/CAHAN/Detection-of-H5N1-in-California-dairy-cattle.aspx
Excerpts:
BACKGROUND
Novel influenza virus infections include all
human infections with influenza viruses that
differ from currently circulating human seasonal
influenza viruses.
-snip-
CLINICAL AND EXPOSURE INFORMATION
Clinical Criteria: Persons with signs and
symptoms consistent with acute upper or lower
respiratory tract infection, conjunctivitis,
gastrointestinal symptoms, or complications of
acute respiratory illness without another identified
cause. Examples include but are not limited to:
• Mild illness (cough, sore throat, fever or
feeling feverish, runny or stuffy nose, fatigue,
muscle or body aches, headache),
conjunctivitis (red eye, discharge from eye),
diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting. Fever may not
always be present.
• Moderate to severe illness: shortness of
breath or difficulty breathing, altered mental
status, seizures.
• Complications: pneumonia, respiratory failure,
acute respiratory distress syndrome, multi-
organ failure, meningoencephalitis
Exposure Criteria: Within the 10 days prior to
illness onset:
• Exposure to animals infected with avian
influenza virus is defined as follows:
o Close exposure (within six feet) to
animals with confirmed or suspected
avian influenza A virus infection. Bird or
animal exposures can include, but are not
limited to: handling, slaughtering,
defeathering, butchering, culling, or
preparing or consuming raw animal
products; OR
o Direct contact with surfaces contaminated
with feces or animal parts (e.g.,
carcasses, internal organs) from infected
animals; OR
o Inhaling droplets or dust containing virus
from animal saliva, mucous, or feces; OR
o Visiting a live animal market with
confirmed bird or animal infections or
associated with a case of human infection
with a novel influenza A virus.
• Exposure to an infected person in a non-
healthcare setting – Close (within six feet)
exposure to a person who has confirmed,
probable, or suspected infection with novel or
avian influenza A virus, regardless of
whether or not the contact was wearing PPE.
• Exposure in a healthcare facility – Close
(within six feet) unprotected (without use of
respiratory and eye protection) exposure to a
person who has confirmed, probable, or
suspected infection with novel or avian
influenza A virus. Healthcare workers
wearing appropriate PPE are not considered
exposed.
• Laboratory exposure – Unprotected
(without use of respiratory and eye
protection) exposure to avian influenza A
virus in a laboratory.
-snip-
ISOLATION (NON-HOSPITALIZED)
Persons with suspected, probable, or confirmed
novel or avian influenza A virus infections should
be instructed to:
• Isolate at home in a single room with a closed
door and a single designated caregiver.
• If novel or avian influenza has been ruled out,
isolation can be discontinued. If avian
influenza is confirmed, isolation should
continue until symptoms are improving
(afebrile for at least 24 hours) and the person
is no longer determined to pose an infectious
risk based on consultation with CDPH.
-snip-
For more California-specific information on
infection control requirements in health care
settings, please see California’s Aerosol
Transmissible Diseases standard.
-snip-
MONITORING
Persons with Animal Exposure: All persons
with contact to avian influenza infected animals,
raw animal products, or their contaminated
environments should be monitored. Passive
monitoring can be considered for people who
were wearing all appropriate PPE when exposed.
Active monitoring should be done when
exposure is to subtypes of influenza known
to infect and cause severe illness in humans
(e.g., H5N1, H7N9 or other avian influenza
strains known to infect and cause severe
illness in humans) without appropriate PPE or
when recommended by the CDC or CDPH.
Passive monitoring: Contact each exposed
person at the beginning of their monitoring
period to inform them of the monitoring
process, symptoms of concern, and when and
how to contact the local health department
(LHD) if symptoms develop, including after
hours and on weekends. LHDs may choose
to have more frequent contact with the
exposed workers.
Active monitoring: Contact each exposed
person for assessment of symptoms at least
once daily until 10 days after their last known
exposure, or at a frequency or duration
recommended by CDC and/or CDPH. The
initial contact at the beginning of their
monitoring period should inform them of what
to expect during the monitoring process,
symptoms of concern, and when and how to
contact the LHD if symptoms develop,
including after hours and on weekends.
-snip-
CASE FINDING
Case finding activities should commence if
preliminary PHL testing indicates a human
infection with a novel or avian influenza virus.
• At a minimum:
o Identify close contacts of the
presumptively positive or confirmed case.
See “Clinical and Exposure Information”
section above.
o Conduct daily active monitoring of close
contacts for symptoms associated with
avian or novel influenza infections for 10
days from their last known exposure to a
presumptively positive or confirmed case.
o Promptly collect specimens for testing at a
PHL from symptomatic close contacts
whose symptom onset occurred within 10
days of last known exposure.
-snip-
https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CI...zation/Avian-and-NovelInfluenzaQuicksheet.pdf
This is a link from https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OPA/Pages/CAHAN/Detection-of-H5N1-in-California-dairy-cattle.aspx
Recommendations for Healthcare Providers
Excerpts:
BACKGROUND
Novel influenza virus infections include all
human infections with influenza viruses that
differ from currently circulating human seasonal
influenza viruses.
-snip-
CLINICAL AND EXPOSURE INFORMATION
Clinical Criteria: Persons with signs and
symptoms consistent with acute upper or lower
respiratory tract infection, conjunctivitis,
gastrointestinal symptoms, or complications of
acute respiratory illness without another identified
cause. Examples include but are not limited to:
• Mild illness (cough, sore throat, fever or
feeling feverish, runny or stuffy nose, fatigue,
muscle or body aches, headache),
conjunctivitis (red eye, discharge from eye),
diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting. Fever may not
always be present.
• Moderate to severe illness: shortness of
breath or difficulty breathing, altered mental
status, seizures.
• Complications: pneumonia, respiratory failure,
acute respiratory distress syndrome, multi-
organ failure, meningoencephalitis
Exposure Criteria: Within the 10 days prior to
illness onset:
• Exposure to animals infected with avian
influenza virus is defined as follows:
o Close exposure (within six feet) to
animals with confirmed or suspected
avian influenza A virus infection. Bird or
animal exposures can include, but are not
limited to: handling, slaughtering,
defeathering, butchering, culling, or
preparing or consuming raw animal
products; OR
o Direct contact with surfaces contaminated
with feces or animal parts (e.g.,
carcasses, internal organs) from infected
animals; OR
o Inhaling droplets or dust containing virus
from animal saliva, mucous, or feces; OR
o Visiting a live animal market with
confirmed bird or animal infections or
associated with a case of human infection
with a novel influenza A virus.
• Exposure to an infected person in a non-
healthcare setting – Close (within six feet)
exposure to a person who has confirmed,
probable, or suspected infection with novel or
avian influenza A virus, regardless of
whether or not the contact was wearing PPE.
• Exposure in a healthcare facility – Close
(within six feet) unprotected (without use of
respiratory and eye protection) exposure to a
person who has confirmed, probable, or
suspected infection with novel or avian
influenza A virus. Healthcare workers
wearing appropriate PPE are not considered
exposed.
• Laboratory exposure – Unprotected
(without use of respiratory and eye
protection) exposure to avian influenza A
virus in a laboratory.
-snip-
ISOLATION (NON-HOSPITALIZED)
Persons with suspected, probable, or confirmed
novel or avian influenza A virus infections should
be instructed to:
• Isolate at home in a single room with a closed
door and a single designated caregiver.
• If novel or avian influenza has been ruled out,
isolation can be discontinued. If avian
influenza is confirmed, isolation should
continue until symptoms are improving
(afebrile for at least 24 hours) and the person
is no longer determined to pose an infectious
risk based on consultation with CDPH.
-snip-
For more California-specific information on
infection control requirements in health care
settings, please see California’s Aerosol
Transmissible Diseases standard.
-snip-
MONITORING
Persons with Animal Exposure: All persons
with contact to avian influenza infected animals,
raw animal products, or their contaminated
environments should be monitored. Passive
monitoring can be considered for people who
were wearing all appropriate PPE when exposed.
Active monitoring should be done when
exposure is to subtypes of influenza known
to infect and cause severe illness in humans
(e.g., H5N1, H7N9 or other avian influenza
strains known to infect and cause severe
illness in humans) without appropriate PPE or
when recommended by the CDC or CDPH.
Passive monitoring: Contact each exposed
person at the beginning of their monitoring
period to inform them of the monitoring
process, symptoms of concern, and when and
how to contact the local health department
(LHD) if symptoms develop, including after
hours and on weekends. LHDs may choose
to have more frequent contact with the
exposed workers.
Active monitoring: Contact each exposed
person for assessment of symptoms at least
once daily until 10 days after their last known
exposure, or at a frequency or duration
recommended by CDC and/or CDPH. The
initial contact at the beginning of their
monitoring period should inform them of what
to expect during the monitoring process,
symptoms of concern, and when and how to
contact the LHD if symptoms develop,
including after hours and on weekends.
-snip-
CASE FINDING
Case finding activities should commence if
preliminary PHL testing indicates a human
infection with a novel or avian influenza virus.
• At a minimum:
o Identify close contacts of the
presumptively positive or confirmed case.
See “Clinical and Exposure Information”
section above.
o Conduct daily active monitoring of close
contacts for symptoms associated with
avian or novel influenza infections for 10
days from their last known exposure to a
presumptively positive or confirmed case.
o Promptly collect specimens for testing at a
PHL from symptomatic close contacts
whose symptom onset occurred within 10
days of last known exposure.
-snip-
https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CI...zation/Avian-and-NovelInfluenzaQuicksheet.pdf