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British doctor rebuked over research linking (MMR) vaccine and autism

Shiloh

Editor, Senior Moderator
Source: http://www.latimes.com/news/nation-and-world/la-fg-britain-autism29-2010jan29,0,2589393.story

British doctor rebuked over research linking vaccine and autism
Britain's medical regulator finds that Dr. Andrew Wakefield, who now practices in Texas, conducted his now-discredited research on the MMR shot in an unethical and irresponsible manner.


By Henry Chu

January 29, 2010

Reporting from London - The British doctor whose suggestion of a link between the MMR shot and autism helped cause vaccination rates to plunge conducted his now-discredited research in a dishonest and irresponsible manner, medical authorities here concluded Thursday.

It was the latest development in a long-running health controversy that has seen measles make a comeback among British children after being all but wiped out.

The General Medical Council, Britain's medical regulator, found that Andrew Wakefield acted unethically in the way he collected blood samples from children and in his failure to disclose payments from lawyers representing parents who believed the vaccinations for measles, mumps and rubella -- given as a single shot, referred to as the MMR vaccine -- had hurt their kids.

The regulator also concluded that Wakefield acted with "callous disregard" by conducting invasive tests on children that were not in their best medical interests.

Wakefield, who now lives and works in the United States, called the allegations "unfounded and unjust" and expressed deep disappointment with the council's finding. He told reporters he had "no regrets" over his work.

In 1998, Wakefield caused a national -- and, later, international -- stir with a study published in the prestigious British medical journal Lancet that suggested a possible link between the MMR vaccine and child autism.

His subsequent, widely publicized comments that he could no longer in good conscience recommend the vaccine to parents caused a dramatic drop in vaccination rates across Britain. A Wakefield appearance on "60 Minutes" helped fuel a vocal anti-vaccination movement in the United States.

His study, however, was based on just 12 children. Lancet later declared that it should not have published the report, and further studies have not been able to replicate Wakefield's results.

Although MMR vaccination rates have begun to recover, Britain has seen a surge in measles among children: more than 1,000 cases in 2008, an increase from several dozen annually a decade earlier.

In its findings, presented Thursday after an investigation that took more than two years, the regulator did not rule on Wakefield's conclusions from his research. But it said his research practices had been unacceptable.

Those included taking blood samples from children at his son's birthday party and paying them each about $8, the regulator found. He also performed spinal taps on children at a hospital without due regard for how they might be affected, it said.

It has not yet been decided whether any disciplinary action will be taken against Wakefield, including revocation of his right to practice medicine in Britain.

Wakefield, who now practices in Austin, Texas, came to London for the council's decision Thursday.

"The allegations against me . . . are both unfounded and unjust," he said, standing amid a small knot of supporters. "It remains finally for me to thank parents whose commitment, whose loyalty has been extraordinary, and I want to reassure them that the science will continue in earnest."

henry.chu@latimes.com
 
Medical journal retracts study linking autism to MMR vaccine

Medical journal retracts study linking autism to MMR vaccine

(CNN) -- The medical journal The Lancet on Tuesday retracted a controversial 1998 paper that linked the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine to autism.

The 12-year-old study linked autism with the MMR vaccine. The research subsequently had been discredited.

Last week, the study's lead author, Dr. Andrew Wakefield, was found to have acted unethically in conducting the research.

The General Medical Council, which oversees doctors in Britain, said that "there was a biased selection of patients in The Lancet paper" and that his "conduct in this regard was dishonest and irresponsible."

The panel found that Wakefield subjected some children in the study to various invasive medical procedures such as colonoscopies and MRI scans. He also paid children for blood samples for research purposes at his son's birthday party, an act that "showed a callous disregard" for the "distress and pain" of the children, the panel said.

Following the council's findings last week, The Lancet retracted the study and released this statement.

"It has become clear that several elements of the 1998 paper by Wakefield et al. are incorrect, contrary to the findings of an earlier investigation. In particular, the claims in the original paper that children were 'consecutively referred' and that investigations were 'approved' by the local ethics committee have been proven to be false. Therefore we fully retract this paper from the published record."

Since its publication, Wakefield's study has attracted many critics, who argued that the work had been so flawed it should not be regarded as scientific.

Wakefield theorized that the measles vaccine caused gastrointestinal problems, and that those GI problems led to autism. In his view, the virus used in the vaccine grew in the intestinal tract, leading the bowel to become porous because of inflammation. Then material seeped from the bowel into the blood, Wakefield's theory said, affecting the nervous system and causing autism.

But later research discredited this theory.

A September 2008 study replicated key parts of Wakefield's original paper and found no evidence that the vaccine had a connection to either autism or GI disorders. The study, conducted at Columbia University, Massachusetts General Hospital and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, also found no relationship between the timing of the vaccine and children getting GI disorders or autism.

The Wakefield study also became part of the evidence that parents cited who did not vaccinate their children.

"The story became credible because it was published in The Lancet," Alison Singer, president of the Autism Science Foundation, said Tuesday. "It was in The Lancet, and we really rely on these medical journals."

Singer, the mother of a child with autism, added, "That study did a lot of harm. People became afraid of vaccinations -- this is the Wakefield legacy -- this unscientifically grounded fear of vaccinations that result in children dying from vaccine preventable diseases."

Retractions are rare in medical journals and usually occur as a result of fraud or plagiarism, said Marcia Angell, a former editor of The New England Journal of Medicine.

"It is a major event when there is a retraction like this," she said. "It sounds like there was a misleading design of the study ... patients not randomly chosen. There were ethical violations."

http://edition.cnn.com/2010/HEALTH/02/02/lancet.retraction.autism/?hpt=T1
 
Re: British doctor rebuked over research linking (MMR) vaccine and autism

Source: http://www.google.com/hostednews/canadianpress/article/ALeqM5hOVaZ0duDswCKOVBm5nt-g6xpc4w

Lancet retracts flawed autism study, but paper's legacy lingers, experts fear

By Helen Branswell Medical Reporter (CP) ? 5 hours ago

TORONTO ? A top British medical journal has retracted a discredited study that linked the measles, mumps and rubella vaccine to autism and fuelled anti-vaccination sentiments in Europe and North America.

The Lancet, which published the controversial paper by Andrew Wakefield and colleagues in 1998, said Tuesday it had become clear following a review of Wakefield's conduct by Britain's General Medical Council that several elements of the study were false.

Last week the council ruled that Wakefield had shown a "callous disregard" for the children used in his study and acted unethically.

The Lancet's move, viewed as long overdue by many infectious disease experts, was welcomed as a way of clearing discredited data from the scientific record.

But the legacy of the publication remains, several said upon hearing about the journal's announcement.

"It was out there for a very long time. So it's good the Lancet has retracted it. It helps in a small way. But the truth of the matter is the damage has been done," Dr. Allison McGeer, an infectious diseases expert at Toronto's Mount Sinai Hospital, said in an interview.

"The MMR-autism argument is not about the Wakefield article (anymore). It's about the accumulation of belief and perception that's happened since the Wakefield article."

"So ... will it change the landscape of what's going on now? Not at all."

Subsequent studies found no proof the vaccine is connected to autism. And 10 of the 13 authors later repudiated the work in a statement published by the Lancet.

Wakefield and the two authors who did not renounce the study face being stripped of their right to practise medicine in Britain when the General Medical Council hands down its sanction.

The concern raised by the study has had an enormous effect. Worried British parents abandoned the so-called MMR vaccine in droves. And with tens of thousands of unvaccinated children, Britain saw resurgences in childhood diseases that had been largely vanquished up to that point.

While vaccine refusal rates were highest in Britain following the publication, the concerns spread to Europe, North America and beyond. And the diseases spread too.

A large mumps outbreak that started in the Maritimes in 2007 was set off by mumps virus imported from the United Kingdom, said Dr. Noni MacDonald, a pediatric infectious diseases expert at Dalhousie University in Halifax.

More than 1,000 cases were recorded over a period of months as that outbreak spread across the country.

Like McGeer, MacDonald was pleased the discredited work was expunged from the scientific record. But she too lamented the damage done to the credibility of this particular vaccine and vaccines in general.

"This is just such a problem because it can't be undone," MacDonald said.

"It's changed people's thinking. And many of those people will go on thinking to the next generation that measles-mumps-rubella vaccine is bad and so grandchildren are not going to get immunized. That's the damage here."

The cost has been "enormous," McGeer said.

"There's clearly a cost in lives, because kids have died (of measles) because they weren't vaccinated. There's clearly a cost in the energy that public health officials have had to put into vaccination programs that they wouldn't otherwise have had to. And there's an overall cost to credibility of vaccination programs everywhere."

-With files from The Associated Press
 
Re: British doctor rebuked over research linking (MMR) vaccine and autism

Source: http://abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory?id=10726237


UK Bans Doctor Who Linked Autism to Vaccine
UK doctor who claimed link between autism and measles vaccine can no longer practice in UK
The Associated Press

By MARIA CHENG AP Medical Writer
LONDON May 24, 2010 (AP)

Britain's top medical group ruled Monday that a doctor who claimed autism was linked to a childhood vaccine can no longer practice in the U.K.

The General Medical Council also found Dr. Andrew Wakefield guilty of "serious professional misconduct" as it struck him from the country's medical register. The council was investigating how Wakefield and colleagues carried out their research, not the science behind it.

When the research was published a dozen years ago, British parents abandoned the measles vaccine in droves, leading to a resurgence of the disease. Vaccination rates have never recovered and there are outbreaks of measles in the U.K. every year.

In 1998, Wakefield and colleagues published a study alleging a link between autism and the vaccine for measles, mumps and rubella. Most of the study's authors renounced its conclusions and it was retracted by the journal in February.

Many other studies have been conducted since then and none have found a connection between autism and the vaccines. Wakefield moved to the U.S. several years ago and the ruling does not affect his right to practice medicine there or in other countries...
 
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