tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
BMC Infect Dis
. 2023 Aug 4;23(1):510.
doi: 10.1186/s12879-023-08473-9. The utility of syndecan-1 circulating levels as a biomarker in patients with previous or active COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Elina Ghondaghsaz[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 [/SUP], Amirmohammad Khalaji[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 2 [/SUP], Mitra Norouzi[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Douglas D Fraser[SUP] 4 5 6 7 8 [/SUP], Sanam Alilou[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Amir Hossein Behnoush[SUP] 10 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Background: With the emergence of coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), several blood biomarkers have been identified, including the endothelial biomarker syndecan-1, a surface proteoglycan. In the current systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to assess the diagnostic and prognostic role of syndecan-1 in COVID-19.
Methods: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science, as international databases, were searched for relevant studies measuring blood syndecan-1 levels in COVID-19 patients, COVID-19 convalescents, and healthy control subjects, in patients with different COVID-19 severities and/or in COVID-19 patients with poor outcomes. Random-effect meta-analysis was performed using STATA to calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the comparison between COVID-19 patients and healthy control subjects or COVID-19 convalescents and controls.
Results: After screening by title/abstract and full text, 17 studies were included in the final review. Meta-analysis of syndecan-1 levels in COVID-19 compared with healthy control subjects revealed that patients with COVID-19 had significantly higher syndecan-1 levels (SMD 1.53, 95% CI 0.66 to 2.41, P < 0.01). In contrast, COVID-19 convalescent patients did not show significant difference with non-convalescents (SMD 0.08, 95% CI -0.63 to 0.78, P = 0.83). Regarding disease severity, two studies reported that more severe forms of the disease were associated with increased syndecan-1 levels. Moreover, patients who died from COVID-19 had higher syndecan-1 levels compared with survivors (SMD 1.22, 95% CI 0.10 to 2.33, P = 0.03).
Conclusion: Circulating syndecan-1 level can be used as a biomarker of endothelial dysfunction in COVID-19, as it was increased in COVID-19 patients and was higher in more severe instances of the disease. Further larger studies are needed to confirm these findings and further enlighten the role of syndecan-1 in clinical settings.
Keywords: COVID-19; Diagnosis; Glycocalyx; Meta-analysis; Prognosis; Syndecan-1; Systematic review.
. 2023 Aug 4;23(1):510.
doi: 10.1186/s12879-023-08473-9. The utility of syndecan-1 circulating levels as a biomarker in patients with previous or active COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Elina Ghondaghsaz[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 1 [/SUP], Amirmohammad Khalaji[SUP] #[/SUP][SUP] 2 [/SUP], Mitra Norouzi[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Douglas D Fraser[SUP] 4 5 6 7 8 [/SUP], Sanam Alilou[SUP] 9 [/SUP], Amir Hossein Behnoush[SUP] 10 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 37542221
- PMCID: PMC10401738
- DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08473-9
Background: With the emergence of coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), several blood biomarkers have been identified, including the endothelial biomarker syndecan-1, a surface proteoglycan. In the current systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to assess the diagnostic and prognostic role of syndecan-1 in COVID-19.
Methods: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science, as international databases, were searched for relevant studies measuring blood syndecan-1 levels in COVID-19 patients, COVID-19 convalescents, and healthy control subjects, in patients with different COVID-19 severities and/or in COVID-19 patients with poor outcomes. Random-effect meta-analysis was performed using STATA to calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the comparison between COVID-19 patients and healthy control subjects or COVID-19 convalescents and controls.
Results: After screening by title/abstract and full text, 17 studies were included in the final review. Meta-analysis of syndecan-1 levels in COVID-19 compared with healthy control subjects revealed that patients with COVID-19 had significantly higher syndecan-1 levels (SMD 1.53, 95% CI 0.66 to 2.41, P < 0.01). In contrast, COVID-19 convalescent patients did not show significant difference with non-convalescents (SMD 0.08, 95% CI -0.63 to 0.78, P = 0.83). Regarding disease severity, two studies reported that more severe forms of the disease were associated with increased syndecan-1 levels. Moreover, patients who died from COVID-19 had higher syndecan-1 levels compared with survivors (SMD 1.22, 95% CI 0.10 to 2.33, P = 0.03).
Conclusion: Circulating syndecan-1 level can be used as a biomarker of endothelial dysfunction in COVID-19, as it was increased in COVID-19 patients and was higher in more severe instances of the disease. Further larger studies are needed to confirm these findings and further enlighten the role of syndecan-1 in clinical settings.
Keywords: COVID-19; Diagnosis; Glycocalyx; Meta-analysis; Prognosis; Syndecan-1; Systematic review.