tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
BMC Infect Dis
. 2022 Nov 28;22(1):894.
doi: 10.1186/s12879-022-07859-5.
Risk factors for severe Covid-19 breakthrough infections: an observational longitudinal study
Sihem Ben Fredj[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Rim Ghammem[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Nawel Zammit[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Amani Maatouk[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Nihel Haddad[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Nouha Haddad[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Manel Kachroudi[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Senda Rebai[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Hafsia Laadhari[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Mohamed Mizouni Ghodhbani[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Jihen Maatoug[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Hassen Ghannem[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Background: The drive to vaccinate large populations is nowadays the main instrument for combating the pandemic and preventing serious disease and death. However, breakthrough infection (post-vaccination infection) still happens after vaccination among fully vaccinated people. We aimed to assess the severity outcomes and to determine its associated factors among vaccinated COVID-19 cases in the governorate of Sousse, Tunisia.
Methods: We carried out a five-month observational longitudinal study including all the population of Sousse. Confirmed infections of SARS-CoV-2 and the vaccination status are recorded in the daily COVID- 19 database of the Regional Office of the Tunisian Ministry of Health. We included all post-vaccination COVID-19 cases for the analysis of the COVID-19 serious outcomes. Data were collected via 15-min telephonic call interviews conducted by trained interviewers. Descriptive analysis with calculating incidence rates of confirmed COVID-19 cases per 100,000 inhabitants was conducted. In binary logistic regression, adjusted odds ratios along with 95% intervals confidence were performed to determine factors related to severe or critical COVID-19.
Results: As of 31 July 2021, 107,545 persons over 19 years old have received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccination. Among the vaccinated population, we traced and included 765 breakthrough infection cases, and the incidence rate was 711.3 per week. The majority were female (sex-ratio = 0.8), and the average age of the overall cases was 55.7 years. The prevalence of severe or critical cases in vaccinated COVID-19 patients occurs in 10.8% of cases. Patients with a medical history of cardiovascular diseases had more than two times increased odds to have a severe or critical disease. We also found the highest self-estimation of adherence to preventive measures was inversely correlated to serious cases and having an incomplete vaccination schema was strongly associated with complications.
Conclusions: We tried to provide evidence about the breakthrough infections to improve measures of prevention and control of COVID-19. Boosting immunity for vulnerable patients added to maintaining and promoting preventive measures are not only essential to prevent severe cases of breakthrough infections of COVID-19, but also other influenza-like diseases.
Keywords: COVID-19; COVID-19 breakthrough infections; COVID-19 vaccines; Risk factors.
. 2022 Nov 28;22(1):894.
doi: 10.1186/s12879-022-07859-5.
Risk factors for severe Covid-19 breakthrough infections: an observational longitudinal study
Sihem Ben Fredj[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Rim Ghammem[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Nawel Zammit[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Amani Maatouk[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Nihel Haddad[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Nouha Haddad[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Manel Kachroudi[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Senda Rebai[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Hafsia Laadhari[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Mohamed Mizouni Ghodhbani[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Jihen Maatoug[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Hassen Ghannem[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 36443699
- PMCID: PMC9706846
- DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07859-5
Abstract
Background: The drive to vaccinate large populations is nowadays the main instrument for combating the pandemic and preventing serious disease and death. However, breakthrough infection (post-vaccination infection) still happens after vaccination among fully vaccinated people. We aimed to assess the severity outcomes and to determine its associated factors among vaccinated COVID-19 cases in the governorate of Sousse, Tunisia.
Methods: We carried out a five-month observational longitudinal study including all the population of Sousse. Confirmed infections of SARS-CoV-2 and the vaccination status are recorded in the daily COVID- 19 database of the Regional Office of the Tunisian Ministry of Health. We included all post-vaccination COVID-19 cases for the analysis of the COVID-19 serious outcomes. Data were collected via 15-min telephonic call interviews conducted by trained interviewers. Descriptive analysis with calculating incidence rates of confirmed COVID-19 cases per 100,000 inhabitants was conducted. In binary logistic regression, adjusted odds ratios along with 95% intervals confidence were performed to determine factors related to severe or critical COVID-19.
Results: As of 31 July 2021, 107,545 persons over 19 years old have received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccination. Among the vaccinated population, we traced and included 765 breakthrough infection cases, and the incidence rate was 711.3 per week. The majority were female (sex-ratio = 0.8), and the average age of the overall cases was 55.7 years. The prevalence of severe or critical cases in vaccinated COVID-19 patients occurs in 10.8% of cases. Patients with a medical history of cardiovascular diseases had more than two times increased odds to have a severe or critical disease. We also found the highest self-estimation of adherence to preventive measures was inversely correlated to serious cases and having an incomplete vaccination schema was strongly associated with complications.
Conclusions: We tried to provide evidence about the breakthrough infections to improve measures of prevention and control of COVID-19. Boosting immunity for vulnerable patients added to maintaining and promoting preventive measures are not only essential to prevent severe cases of breakthrough infections of COVID-19, but also other influenza-like diseases.
Keywords: COVID-19; COVID-19 breakthrough infections; COVID-19 vaccines; Risk factors.