Giuseppe
Emeritus
Comparative distribution of human and avian type sialic acid influenza receptors in the pig (BMC, abstract, edited)
[Source Full PDF Document: LINK. EDITED.]
Comparative distribution of human and avian type sialic acid influenza receptors in the pig
BMC Veterinary Research 2010, 6:4 doi:10.1186/1746-6148-6-4
Rahul K Nelli (svxrkn@nottingham.ac.uk) - Suresh V Kuchipudi (svxsvk@nottingham.ac.uk) - Gavin A White (gavin.white@nottingham.ac.uk) - Belinda Baquero Perez (svxbb@exmail.nottingham.ac.uk) - Stephen P Dunham (Stephen.Dunham@nottingham.ac.uk) - Kin-Chow Chang (kin-chow.chang@nottingham.ac.uk)
ISSN 1746-6148
Article type Research article
Submission date 8 September 2009
Acceptance date 27 January 2010
Publication date 27 January 2010
Article URL (LINK)
Like all articles in BMC journals, this peer-reviewed article was published immediately upon acceptance. It can be downloaded, printed and distributed freely for any purposes (see copyright notice below).
Articles in BMC journals are listed in PubMed and archived at PubMed Central.
For information about publishing your research in BMC journals or any BioMed Central journal, go to (LINK)
BMC Veterinary Research
? 2010 Nelli et al. , licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Comparative distribution of human and avian type sialic acid influenza receptors in the pig
Rahul K. Nellia, Suresh V. Kuchipudia,b, Gavin A. Whitea, Belinda Baquero Pereza, Stephen, P. Dunhama, Kin-Chow Changa, *
a School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, College Road, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK
b Institute of Comparative Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
*Correspondence to: Kin-Chow Chang, Tel: +44 115 95 16491, Fax: +44 115 9516580
Email addresses:
RKN: svxrkn@nottingham.ac.uk
SVK: svxsvk@nottingham.ac.uk
GAW: gavin.white@nottingham.ac.uk
BBP: svxbb@exmail.nottingham.ac.uk
SPD: Stephen.Dunham@nottingham.ac.uk
*KCC: kin-chow.chang@nottingham.ac.uk
Abstract
Background
A major determinant of influenza infection is the presence of virus receptors on susceptible host cells to which the viral haemagglutinin is able to bind. Avian viruses preferentially bind to sialic acid α2,3-galactose (SAα2,3-Gal) linked receptors, whereas human strains bind to sialic acid α2,6-galactose (SAα2,6-Gal) linked receptors. To date, there has been no detailed account published on the distribution of SA receptors in the pig, a model host that is susceptible to avian and human influenza subtypes, thus with potential for virus reassortment. We examined the relative expression and spatial distribution of SAα2,3-GalG(1-3)GalNAc and SAα2,6-Gal receptors in the major organs from normal post-weaned pigs by binding with lectins Maackia amurensis agglutinins (MAA II) and Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA) respectively.
Results
Both SAα2,3-Gal and SAα2,6-Gal receptors were extensively detected in the major porcine organs examined (trachea, lung, liver, kidney, spleen, heart, skeletal muscle, cerebrum, small intestine and colon). Furthermore, distribution of both SA receptors in the pig respiratory tract closely resembled the published data of the human tract. Similar expression patterns of SA receptors between pig and human in other major organs were found, with exception of the intestinal tract. Unlike the limited reports on the scarcity of influenza receptors in human intestines, we found increasing presence of SAα2,3-Gal and SAα2,6-Gal receptors from duodenum to colon in the pig.
Conclusions
The extensive presence of SAα2,3-Gal and SAα2,6-Gal receptors in the major organs examined suggests that each major organ may be permissive to influenza virus entry or infection. The high similarity of SA expression patterns between pig and human, in particular in the respiratory tract, suggests that pigs are not more likely to be potential hosts for virus reassortment than humans. Our finding of relative abundance of SA receptors in the pig intestines highlights a need for clarification on the presence of SA receptors in the human intestinal tract.
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[Source Full PDF Document: LINK. EDITED.]
Comparative distribution of human and avian type sialic acid influenza receptors in the pig
BMC Veterinary Research 2010, 6:4 doi:10.1186/1746-6148-6-4
Rahul K Nelli (svxrkn@nottingham.ac.uk) - Suresh V Kuchipudi (svxsvk@nottingham.ac.uk) - Gavin A White (gavin.white@nottingham.ac.uk) - Belinda Baquero Perez (svxbb@exmail.nottingham.ac.uk) - Stephen P Dunham (Stephen.Dunham@nottingham.ac.uk) - Kin-Chow Chang (kin-chow.chang@nottingham.ac.uk)
ISSN 1746-6148
Article type Research article
Submission date 8 September 2009
Acceptance date 27 January 2010
Publication date 27 January 2010
Article URL (LINK)
Like all articles in BMC journals, this peer-reviewed article was published immediately upon acceptance. It can be downloaded, printed and distributed freely for any purposes (see copyright notice below).
Articles in BMC journals are listed in PubMed and archived at PubMed Central.
For information about publishing your research in BMC journals or any BioMed Central journal, go to (LINK)
BMC Veterinary Research
? 2010 Nelli et al. , licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Comparative distribution of human and avian type sialic acid influenza receptors in the pig
Rahul K. Nellia, Suresh V. Kuchipudia,b, Gavin A. Whitea, Belinda Baquero Pereza, Stephen, P. Dunhama, Kin-Chow Changa, *
a School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, College Road, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK
b Institute of Comparative Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
*Correspondence to: Kin-Chow Chang, Tel: +44 115 95 16491, Fax: +44 115 9516580
Email addresses:
RKN: svxrkn@nottingham.ac.uk
SVK: svxsvk@nottingham.ac.uk
GAW: gavin.white@nottingham.ac.uk
BBP: svxbb@exmail.nottingham.ac.uk
SPD: Stephen.Dunham@nottingham.ac.uk
*KCC: kin-chow.chang@nottingham.ac.uk
Abstract
Background
A major determinant of influenza infection is the presence of virus receptors on susceptible host cells to which the viral haemagglutinin is able to bind. Avian viruses preferentially bind to sialic acid α2,3-galactose (SAα2,3-Gal) linked receptors, whereas human strains bind to sialic acid α2,6-galactose (SAα2,6-Gal) linked receptors. To date, there has been no detailed account published on the distribution of SA receptors in the pig, a model host that is susceptible to avian and human influenza subtypes, thus with potential for virus reassortment. We examined the relative expression and spatial distribution of SAα2,3-GalG(1-3)GalNAc and SAα2,6-Gal receptors in the major organs from normal post-weaned pigs by binding with lectins Maackia amurensis agglutinins (MAA II) and Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA) respectively.
Results
Both SAα2,3-Gal and SAα2,6-Gal receptors were extensively detected in the major porcine organs examined (trachea, lung, liver, kidney, spleen, heart, skeletal muscle, cerebrum, small intestine and colon). Furthermore, distribution of both SA receptors in the pig respiratory tract closely resembled the published data of the human tract. Similar expression patterns of SA receptors between pig and human in other major organs were found, with exception of the intestinal tract. Unlike the limited reports on the scarcity of influenza receptors in human intestines, we found increasing presence of SAα2,3-Gal and SAα2,6-Gal receptors from duodenum to colon in the pig.
Conclusions
The extensive presence of SAα2,3-Gal and SAα2,6-Gal receptors in the major organs examined suggests that each major organ may be permissive to influenza virus entry or infection. The high similarity of SA expression patterns between pig and human, in particular in the respiratory tract, suggests that pigs are not more likely to be potential hosts for virus reassortment than humans. Our finding of relative abundance of SA receptors in the pig intestines highlights a need for clarification on the presence of SA receptors in the human intestinal tract.
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