tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Environ Pollut. 2019 Oct 19:113434. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113434. [Epub ahead of print] [h=1]Benefits of influenza vaccination on the associations between ambient air pollution and allergic respiratory diseases in children and adolescents: New insights from the Seven Northeastern Cities study in China.[/h]
Liu K[SUP]1[/SUP], Li S[SUP]2[/SUP], Qian ZM[SUP]3[/SUP], Dharmage SC[SUP]4[/SUP], Bloom MS[SUP]5[/SUP], Heinrich J[SUP]6[/SUP], Jalaludin B[SUP]7[/SUP], Markevych I[SUP]8[/SUP], Morawska L[SUP]9[/SUP], Knibbs LD[SUP]10[/SUP], Hinyard L[SUP]11[/SUP], Xian H[SUP]3[/SUP], Liu S[SUP]12[/SUP], Lin S[SUP]13[/SUP], Leskinen A[SUP]14[/SUP], Komppula M[SUP]15[/SUP], Jalava P[SUP]16[/SUP], Roponen M[SUP]16[/SUP], Hu LW[SUP]1[/SUP], Zeng XW[SUP]1[/SUP], Hu W[SUP]17[/SUP], Chen G[SUP]18[/SUP], Yang BY[SUP]1[/SUP], Guo Y[SUP]2[/SUP], Dong GH[SUP]19[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h] 1 Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China. 2 Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia. 3 Department of Epidemiology, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, 63104, USA. 4 Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3052, Australia. 5 Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA. 6 Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, 80336, Germany. 7 School of Public Health and Community Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia. 8 Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum M?nchen - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolst?dter Landstra?e 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany; Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, 80336, Germany; Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, 80336, Germany. 9 International Laboratory for Air Quality & Health (ILAQH), Science and Engineering Faculty, Institute of Health Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4059, Australia. 10 School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, 4006, Australia. 11 Center for Health Outcomes Research, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, 63104, USA. 12 NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, 100021, China. 13 Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA. 14 Finnish Meteorological Institute, Kuopio, 70211, Finland; Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland. 15 Finnish Meteorological Institute, Kuopio, 70211, Finland. 16 Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland. 17 School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4059, Australia. 18 Department of Global Health, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430000, China. 19 Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China. Electronic address: donggh5@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]BACKGROUND:[/h] Little information exists on interaction effects between air pollution and influenza vaccination on allergic respiratory diseases. We conducted a large population-based study to evaluate the interaction effects between influenza vaccination and long-term exposure to ambient air pollution on allergic respiratory diseases in children and adolescents.
[h=4]METHODS:[/h] A cross-sectional study was investigated during 2012-2013 in 94 schools from Seven Northeastern Cities (SNEC) in China. Questionnaires surveys were obtained from 56 137 children and adolescents aged 2-17 years. Influenza vaccination was defined as receipt of the influenza vaccine. We estimated air pollutants exposure [nitrogen dioxide (NO[SUB]2[/SUB]) and particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤1 μm (PM[SUB]1[/SUB]), ≤2.5 μm (PM[SUB]2.5[/SUB]) and ≤10 μm (PM[SUB]10[/SUB])] using machine learning methods. We employed two-level generalized linear mix effects model to examine interactive effects between influenza vaccination and air pollution exposure on allergic respiratory diseases (asthma, asthma-related symptoms and allergic rhinitis), after controlling for important covariates.
[h=4]RESULTS:[/h] We found statistically significant interactions between influenza vaccination and air pollutants on allergic respiratory diseases and related symptoms (doctor-diagnosed asthma, current wheeze, wheeze, persistent phlegm and allergic rhinitis). The adjusted ORs for doctor-diagnosed asthma, current wheeze and allergic rhinitis among the unvaccinated group per interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM[SUB]1[/SUB] and PM[SUB]2.5[/SUB] were significantly higher than the corresponding ORs among the vaccinated group [For PM[SUB]1[/SUB], doctor-diagnosed asthma: OR: 1.89 (95%CI: 1.57-2.27) vs 1.65 (95%CI: 1.36-2.00); current wheeze: OR: 1.50 (95%CI: 1.22-1.85) vs 1.10 (95%CI: 0.89-1.37); allergic rhinitis: OR: 1.38 (95%CI: 1.15-1.66) vs 1.21 (95%CI: 1.00-1.46). For PM[SUB]2.5[/SUB], doctor-diagnosed asthma: OR: 1.81 (95%CI: 1.52-2.14) vs 1.57 (95%CI: 1.32-1.88); current wheeze: OR: 1.46 (95%CI: 1.21-1.76) vs 1.11 (95%CI: 0.91-1.35); allergic rhinitis: OR: 1.35 (95%CI: 1.14-1.60) vs 1.19 (95%CI: 1.00-1.42)]. The similar patterns were observed for wheeze and persistent phlegm. The corresponding p values for interactions were less than 0.05, respectively. We assessed the risks of PM[SUB]1[/SUB]-related and PM[SUB]2.5[/SUB]-related current wheeze were decreased by 26.67% (95%CI: 1.04%-45.66%) and 23.97% (95%CI: 0.21%-42.08%) respectively, which was attributable to influenza vaccination (both p for efficiency <0.05).
[h=4]CONCLUSIONS:[/h] Influenza vaccination may play an important role in mitigating the detrimental effects of long-term exposure to ambient air pollution on childhood allergic respiratory diseases. Policy targeted at increasing influenza vaccination may yield co-benefits in terms of reduced allergic respiratory diseases.
Copyright ? 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] Air pollutants; Asthma; Children and adolescents; Influenza vaccination; Interaction effects
PMID: 31672350 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113434
Liu K[SUP]1[/SUP], Li S[SUP]2[/SUP], Qian ZM[SUP]3[/SUP], Dharmage SC[SUP]4[/SUP], Bloom MS[SUP]5[/SUP], Heinrich J[SUP]6[/SUP], Jalaludin B[SUP]7[/SUP], Markevych I[SUP]8[/SUP], Morawska L[SUP]9[/SUP], Knibbs LD[SUP]10[/SUP], Hinyard L[SUP]11[/SUP], Xian H[SUP]3[/SUP], Liu S[SUP]12[/SUP], Lin S[SUP]13[/SUP], Leskinen A[SUP]14[/SUP], Komppula M[SUP]15[/SUP], Jalava P[SUP]16[/SUP], Roponen M[SUP]16[/SUP], Hu LW[SUP]1[/SUP], Zeng XW[SUP]1[/SUP], Hu W[SUP]17[/SUP], Chen G[SUP]18[/SUP], Yang BY[SUP]1[/SUP], Guo Y[SUP]2[/SUP], Dong GH[SUP]19[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h] 1 Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China. 2 Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia. 3 Department of Epidemiology, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, 63104, USA. 4 Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3052, Australia. 5 Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA. 6 Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, 80336, Germany. 7 School of Public Health and Community Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia. 8 Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum M?nchen - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolst?dter Landstra?e 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany; Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, 80336, Germany; Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, 80336, Germany. 9 International Laboratory for Air Quality & Health (ILAQH), Science and Engineering Faculty, Institute of Health Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4059, Australia. 10 School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, 4006, Australia. 11 Center for Health Outcomes Research, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, 63104, USA. 12 NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, 100021, China. 13 Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA. 14 Finnish Meteorological Institute, Kuopio, 70211, Finland; Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland. 15 Finnish Meteorological Institute, Kuopio, 70211, Finland. 16 Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland. 17 School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4059, Australia. 18 Department of Global Health, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430000, China. 19 Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China. Electronic address: donggh5@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
[h=3]Abstract[/h] [h=4]BACKGROUND:[/h] Little information exists on interaction effects between air pollution and influenza vaccination on allergic respiratory diseases. We conducted a large population-based study to evaluate the interaction effects between influenza vaccination and long-term exposure to ambient air pollution on allergic respiratory diseases in children and adolescents.
[h=4]METHODS:[/h] A cross-sectional study was investigated during 2012-2013 in 94 schools from Seven Northeastern Cities (SNEC) in China. Questionnaires surveys were obtained from 56 137 children and adolescents aged 2-17 years. Influenza vaccination was defined as receipt of the influenza vaccine. We estimated air pollutants exposure [nitrogen dioxide (NO[SUB]2[/SUB]) and particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤1 μm (PM[SUB]1[/SUB]), ≤2.5 μm (PM[SUB]2.5[/SUB]) and ≤10 μm (PM[SUB]10[/SUB])] using machine learning methods. We employed two-level generalized linear mix effects model to examine interactive effects between influenza vaccination and air pollution exposure on allergic respiratory diseases (asthma, asthma-related symptoms and allergic rhinitis), after controlling for important covariates.
[h=4]RESULTS:[/h] We found statistically significant interactions between influenza vaccination and air pollutants on allergic respiratory diseases and related symptoms (doctor-diagnosed asthma, current wheeze, wheeze, persistent phlegm and allergic rhinitis). The adjusted ORs for doctor-diagnosed asthma, current wheeze and allergic rhinitis among the unvaccinated group per interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM[SUB]1[/SUB] and PM[SUB]2.5[/SUB] were significantly higher than the corresponding ORs among the vaccinated group [For PM[SUB]1[/SUB], doctor-diagnosed asthma: OR: 1.89 (95%CI: 1.57-2.27) vs 1.65 (95%CI: 1.36-2.00); current wheeze: OR: 1.50 (95%CI: 1.22-1.85) vs 1.10 (95%CI: 0.89-1.37); allergic rhinitis: OR: 1.38 (95%CI: 1.15-1.66) vs 1.21 (95%CI: 1.00-1.46). For PM[SUB]2.5[/SUB], doctor-diagnosed asthma: OR: 1.81 (95%CI: 1.52-2.14) vs 1.57 (95%CI: 1.32-1.88); current wheeze: OR: 1.46 (95%CI: 1.21-1.76) vs 1.11 (95%CI: 0.91-1.35); allergic rhinitis: OR: 1.35 (95%CI: 1.14-1.60) vs 1.19 (95%CI: 1.00-1.42)]. The similar patterns were observed for wheeze and persistent phlegm. The corresponding p values for interactions were less than 0.05, respectively. We assessed the risks of PM[SUB]1[/SUB]-related and PM[SUB]2.5[/SUB]-related current wheeze were decreased by 26.67% (95%CI: 1.04%-45.66%) and 23.97% (95%CI: 0.21%-42.08%) respectively, which was attributable to influenza vaccination (both p for efficiency <0.05).
[h=4]CONCLUSIONS:[/h] Influenza vaccination may play an important role in mitigating the detrimental effects of long-term exposure to ambient air pollution on childhood allergic respiratory diseases. Policy targeted at increasing influenza vaccination may yield co-benefits in terms of reduced allergic respiratory diseases.
Copyright ? 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
[h=4]KEYWORDS:[/h] Air pollutants; Asthma; Children and adolescents; Influenza vaccination; Interaction effects
PMID: 31672350 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113434