tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Cell Death Dis. 2018 May 10;9(5):539. doi: 10.1038/s41419-018-0546-5.
[h=1]Autophagy diminishes the early interferon-β response to influenza A virus resulting in differential expression of interferon-stimulated genes.[/h] Perot BP[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2,[/SUP][SUP]3[/SUP], Boussier J[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2,[/SUP][SUP]4,[/SUP][SUP]5[/SUP], Yatim N[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP], Rossman JS[SUP]6[/SUP], Ingersoll MA[SUP]7,[/SUP][SUP]8[/SUP], Albert ML[SUP]9,[/SUP][SUP]10,[/SUP][SUP]11[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] Influenza A virus (IAV) infection perturbs metabolic pathways such as autophagy, a stress-induced catabolic pathway that crosstalks with cellular inflammatory responses. However, the impact of autophagy perturbation on IAV gene expression or host cell responses remains disputed. Discrepant results may be a reflection of in vivo studies using cell-specific autophagy-related (Atg) gene-deficient mouse strains, which do not delineate modification of developmental programmes from more proximal effects on inflammatory response. In vitro experiments can be confounded by gene expression divergence in wild-type cultivated cell lines, as compared to those experiencing long-term absence of autophagy. With the goal to investigate cellular processes within cells that are competent or incompetent for autophagy, we generated a novel experimental cell line in which autophagy can be restored by ATG5 protein stabilization in an otherwise Atg5-deficient background. We confirmed that IAV induced autophagosome formation and p62 accumulation in infected cells and demonstrated that perturbation of autophagy did not impact viral infection or replication in ATG5-stablized cells. Notably, the induction of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) by IAV was diminished when cells were autophagy competent. We further demonstrated that, in the absence of ATG5, IAV-induced interferon-β (IFN-β) expression was increased as compared to levels in autophagy-competent lines, a mechanism that was independent of IAV non-structural protein 1. In sum, we report that induction of autophagy by IAV infection reduces ISG expression in infected cells by limiting IFN-β expression, which may benefit viral replication and spread.
PMID: 29748576 PMCID: PMC5945842 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0546-5
Free PMC Article
[h=1]Autophagy diminishes the early interferon-β response to influenza A virus resulting in differential expression of interferon-stimulated genes.[/h] Perot BP[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2,[/SUP][SUP]3[/SUP], Boussier J[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2,[/SUP][SUP]4,[/SUP][SUP]5[/SUP], Yatim N[SUP]1,[/SUP][SUP]2[/SUP], Rossman JS[SUP]6[/SUP], Ingersoll MA[SUP]7,[/SUP][SUP]8[/SUP], Albert ML[SUP]9,[/SUP][SUP]10,[/SUP][SUP]11[/SUP].
[h=3]Author information[/h]
[h=3]Abstract[/h] Influenza A virus (IAV) infection perturbs metabolic pathways such as autophagy, a stress-induced catabolic pathway that crosstalks with cellular inflammatory responses. However, the impact of autophagy perturbation on IAV gene expression or host cell responses remains disputed. Discrepant results may be a reflection of in vivo studies using cell-specific autophagy-related (Atg) gene-deficient mouse strains, which do not delineate modification of developmental programmes from more proximal effects on inflammatory response. In vitro experiments can be confounded by gene expression divergence in wild-type cultivated cell lines, as compared to those experiencing long-term absence of autophagy. With the goal to investigate cellular processes within cells that are competent or incompetent for autophagy, we generated a novel experimental cell line in which autophagy can be restored by ATG5 protein stabilization in an otherwise Atg5-deficient background. We confirmed that IAV induced autophagosome formation and p62 accumulation in infected cells and demonstrated that perturbation of autophagy did not impact viral infection or replication in ATG5-stablized cells. Notably, the induction of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) by IAV was diminished when cells were autophagy competent. We further demonstrated that, in the absence of ATG5, IAV-induced interferon-β (IFN-β) expression was increased as compared to levels in autophagy-competent lines, a mechanism that was independent of IAV non-structural protein 1. In sum, we report that induction of autophagy by IAV infection reduces ISG expression in infected cells by limiting IFN-β expression, which may benefit viral replication and spread.
PMID: 29748576 PMCID: PMC5945842 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0546-5
Free PMC Article