Arizona - Avian influenza in mammals and livestock 2025

Shiloh · Feb 14, 2025

Source: https://ein.az.gov/avian-influenza-found-dairy-cattle-maricopa-county

Avian influenza found in dairy cattle in Maricopa County

On February 11, 2025 the Arizona Department of Agriculture (AZDA), working in conjunction with the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), confirmed Arizona’s first identified H5N1 avian influenza detection in milk produced by a dairy herd in Maricopa County. As a protective measure, the facility is currently under quarantine. Unlike other detections involving B3.13 H5N1, cattle have not yet displayed signs of illness with this particular D1.1, but if clinical symptoms become evident, cattle will be isolated from the main herd.

This detection stemmed from AZDA’s implementation of the National Milk Testing Strategy initiated in January focusing on farm-level bulk tank testing. This detection of avian influenza is consistent with a D1.1 genotype and unrelated to the recent Nevada detection of this virus. This D1.1 genotype bears no features that would make it more likely to infect humans. Every dairy in Arizona has been tested at least once since January; thus far only a sample from this dairy has tested positive. Milk and other dairy products that have been pasteurized are safe to consume.

The health and safety of dairy workers and the public are AZDA's top priority. AZDA is working closely with the Arizona Department of Health Services and the Maricopa County Department of Public Health to provide worker safety guidance, monitor staff at the affected site, and prevent spread among livestock. Overall, the risk to the general public remains low. Individuals in close contact with dairy cattle may be at increased risk due to contact with potentially affected animals.
Source
Arizona Department of Agriculture
February 14, 2025 - 12:15pm

Commonground · Feb 14, 2025

@RajlabN
·
45s
First NV.. now AZ H5N1 D1.1 genotype detected in milk from dairy cows in Arizona

sharon sanders · Feb 14, 2025

From:
"APHIS Stakeholder Registry" <aphis@subscribers.usda.gov>
To: "FluTrackers" <flutrackers@earthlink.net>
Subject: APHIS Identifies Third HPAI Spillover in Dairy Cattle
Date: Feb 14, 2025 8:16 PM

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[TD]On February 13, 2025, the USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) confirmed by whole genome sequence a detection of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b, genotype D1.1 in dairy cattle in Arizona. This confirmation was a result of State tracing and investigation, following an initial detection on silo testing under the USDA’s National Milk Testing Strategy (NMTS).

USDA APHIS continues to work with the Arizona Department of Agriculture by conducting additional on-farm investigation, testing, and gathering additional epidemiological information to better understand this detection and limit further disease spread.

The detection of this virus genotype in dairy cattle is not unexpected, because genotype D1.1 represents the predominant genotype in the North American flyways this past fall and winter and has been identified in wild birds, mammals, and spillovers into domestic poultry. Whole genome sequencing indicates that this detection is a separate wild-bird introduction of HPAI to dairy cattle, now the third identified spillover event into dairy cattle. This finding may indicate an increased risk of HPAI introduction into dairies through wild bird exposure. Biosecurity is still key to mitigate the risk of disease introduction or spread between premises; APHIS recommends enhanced biosecurity measures for all dairy farms. Producers should immediately report any livestock with clinical signs, or any unusual sick or dead wildlife, to their state veterinarian.

The detection does not change USDA’s HPAI eradication strategy and is a testament to the strength of our National Milk Testing Strategy (NTMS). In the interest of sharing information of import to the scientific community, APHIS will publish a technical brief on the findings on our website and post the sequence data on GenBank in the coming week.[/TD]
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