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http://noticias.terra.com.pe/cienci...c2d446e7700a5310VgnVCM3000009af154d0RCRD.html
Spanish-English translation
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria has passed from animals to humans
Feb. 21, 2012 ? 8:34
Scientists have discovered that a strain of bacteria that survive antibiotics and is transmitted from cattle to humans was originally human but developed their resistance in domestic animals, according to a study published today in the journal mBio.
Paul Klein of the University of Northern Arizona, and Lance Price of the Research Institute of Translational Genomics (TGen), along with scientists from 20 institutions from different countries focused their attention on one strain of bacteria known as Staphylococcus aureus resistant (MRSA).
MRSA is a strain of the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus has become resistant to multiple antibiotics, first to penicillin in 1947, then to methicillin. It was originally discovered in the UK in 1961 and is now very widespread.
MRSA is known to cause a variety of infections that invade the skin and can quickly become life threatening, but in 2003 was detected in cattle in a novel way of MRSA, called CC398.
The study focused on the variety CC398, known as MRSA MRSA associated with swine or cattle because most often infects people who are in direct contact with pigs or other domestic animals for human consumption.
Affected individuals show various types of acute infections, including skin and soft tissue, respiratory infections and sepsis. Strain 398 can be found today in pigs, turkeys, cattle and sheep, and has been detected in 47 percent of meat samples in the U.S. intended for human consumption.
"Our results strongly suggest that MRSA CC398 originated from humans and susceptible S. aureus bacteria methicillin-wing," they said.
But once the animal was transferred to the evolved bacteria becoming resistant to tetracycline and methicillin, probably as a result of routine use of these antibiotics, typical of modern meat production for human consumption.
In 2001 a study by the Union of Concerned Scientists estimated that livestock producers in the U.S. used about 11 million tons of antibiotics nontherapeutic purposes, a controversial practice that is now banned in the European Union.
Price, who directs the Center for Food Microbiology and Environmental Health at TGen, said these findings "highlight the potential risks to public health arising from the use of antibiotics in meat production for human consumption".
"Staphylococci thrive in conditions of overcrowding and poor sanitation," common in the precincts where they keep sheep, sheep, pigs and poultry in industrial food production.
"Add in to that environment and antibiotics will be creating a public health problem," Price said.
The analysis of several genomes showed that MRSA CC398 variety probably evolved from a strain that was sensitive to antibiotics, and came from humans. Once reported cattle strain changed rapidly, acquired new genes and differed in many different types that are resistant to some antibiotics.
"Charting the evolutionary history of MRSA CC398 is like watching the birth of a 'superbug'" said Price. "It is both fascinating and disconcerting. MRSA CC398 was discovered less than a decade and seems to spread very quickly."
Spanish-English translation
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria has passed from animals to humans
Feb. 21, 2012 ? 8:34
Scientists have discovered that a strain of bacteria that survive antibiotics and is transmitted from cattle to humans was originally human but developed their resistance in domestic animals, according to a study published today in the journal mBio.
Paul Klein of the University of Northern Arizona, and Lance Price of the Research Institute of Translational Genomics (TGen), along with scientists from 20 institutions from different countries focused their attention on one strain of bacteria known as Staphylococcus aureus resistant (MRSA).
MRSA is a strain of the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus has become resistant to multiple antibiotics, first to penicillin in 1947, then to methicillin. It was originally discovered in the UK in 1961 and is now very widespread.
MRSA is known to cause a variety of infections that invade the skin and can quickly become life threatening, but in 2003 was detected in cattle in a novel way of MRSA, called CC398.
The study focused on the variety CC398, known as MRSA MRSA associated with swine or cattle because most often infects people who are in direct contact with pigs or other domestic animals for human consumption.
Affected individuals show various types of acute infections, including skin and soft tissue, respiratory infections and sepsis. Strain 398 can be found today in pigs, turkeys, cattle and sheep, and has been detected in 47 percent of meat samples in the U.S. intended for human consumption.
"Our results strongly suggest that MRSA CC398 originated from humans and susceptible S. aureus bacteria methicillin-wing," they said.
But once the animal was transferred to the evolved bacteria becoming resistant to tetracycline and methicillin, probably as a result of routine use of these antibiotics, typical of modern meat production for human consumption.
In 2001 a study by the Union of Concerned Scientists estimated that livestock producers in the U.S. used about 11 million tons of antibiotics nontherapeutic purposes, a controversial practice that is now banned in the European Union.
Price, who directs the Center for Food Microbiology and Environmental Health at TGen, said these findings "highlight the potential risks to public health arising from the use of antibiotics in meat production for human consumption".
"Staphylococci thrive in conditions of overcrowding and poor sanitation," common in the precincts where they keep sheep, sheep, pigs and poultry in industrial food production.
"Add in to that environment and antibiotics will be creating a public health problem," Price said.
The analysis of several genomes showed that MRSA CC398 variety probably evolved from a strain that was sensitive to antibiotics, and came from humans. Once reported cattle strain changed rapidly, acquired new genes and differed in many different types that are resistant to some antibiotics.
"Charting the evolutionary history of MRSA CC398 is like watching the birth of a 'superbug'" said Price. "It is both fascinating and disconcerting. MRSA CC398 was discovered less than a decade and seems to spread very quickly."