tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Am J Cardiol
. 2024 Jul 13:S0002-9149(24)00514-9.
doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2024.07.008. Online ahead of print. The Characteristics of Coronary Artery Lesions in COVID-19 Infected Patients with Coronary Artery Disease:An Optical Coherence Tomography Study
Shan-Shan Ji[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Li-Xuan Zhao[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Weiqiang Chen[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Yi-Fan Wang[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Fang-Chun Liu[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Hai-Peng Li[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Guo-Wei He[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jian Zhang[SUP] 4 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may predispose patients to cardiac injuries but whether COVID-19 infection affects the morphological features of coronary plaques to potentially influence the outcome of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) remains unknown. By using optical coherence tomography (OCT), this study compared the characteristics of coronary plaque in CAD patients with/without COVID-19 infection. The 206 patients were divided into two groups. The COVID-19 group had 113 patients between December 7, 2022 and March 31, 2023 who received optical coherence tomography (OCT) assessment after China decided to lift the restrict on COVID-19 and had a history of COVID-19 infection. The non-COVID-19 group had 93 patients without COVID-19 infection who underwent OCT before December 7, 2022. The COVID-19 group demonstrated a higher incidence of plaque ruptures (53.1% vs. 38.7%, p=0.039), erosions (28.3% vs. 11.8%, p=0.004), fibrous (96.5% vs. 89.2%, p=0.041) and diffuse lesions (73.5% vs. 50.5%, p<0.001) compared to the non-COVID-19 group, whereas non-COVID-19 group exhibited a higher frequency of cholesterol crystals (83.9% vs. 70.8%, p=0.027), deep calcifications (65.6% vs. 51.3%, p=0.039) and solitary lesions (57.0% vs. 34.5%, p=0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed a significantly lower major adverse cardiac events (MACE)-free probability in COVID-19 group (91.6% vs. 95.5%, P=0.006) than non-COVID-19 group. In conclusion, OCT demonstrated that COVID-19 infection is associated with coronary pathological changes such as more plaque ruptures, erosions, and fibrosis as well as diffuse lesions. Further, COVID-19 infection is associated with the higher propensity for acute coronary events and the higher risk of MACE in CAD patients.
Keywords: COVID-19; Coronary artery disease; Optical coherence tomography.
. 2024 Jul 13:S0002-9149(24)00514-9.
doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2024.07.008. Online ahead of print. The Characteristics of Coronary Artery Lesions in COVID-19 Infected Patients with Coronary Artery Disease:An Optical Coherence Tomography Study
Shan-Shan Ji[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Li-Xuan Zhao[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Weiqiang Chen[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Yi-Fan Wang[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Fang-Chun Liu[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Hai-Peng Li[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Guo-Wei He[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Jian Zhang[SUP] 4 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 39009056
- DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2024.07.008
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may predispose patients to cardiac injuries but whether COVID-19 infection affects the morphological features of coronary plaques to potentially influence the outcome of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) remains unknown. By using optical coherence tomography (OCT), this study compared the characteristics of coronary plaque in CAD patients with/without COVID-19 infection. The 206 patients were divided into two groups. The COVID-19 group had 113 patients between December 7, 2022 and March 31, 2023 who received optical coherence tomography (OCT) assessment after China decided to lift the restrict on COVID-19 and had a history of COVID-19 infection. The non-COVID-19 group had 93 patients without COVID-19 infection who underwent OCT before December 7, 2022. The COVID-19 group demonstrated a higher incidence of plaque ruptures (53.1% vs. 38.7%, p=0.039), erosions (28.3% vs. 11.8%, p=0.004), fibrous (96.5% vs. 89.2%, p=0.041) and diffuse lesions (73.5% vs. 50.5%, p<0.001) compared to the non-COVID-19 group, whereas non-COVID-19 group exhibited a higher frequency of cholesterol crystals (83.9% vs. 70.8%, p=0.027), deep calcifications (65.6% vs. 51.3%, p=0.039) and solitary lesions (57.0% vs. 34.5%, p=0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed a significantly lower major adverse cardiac events (MACE)-free probability in COVID-19 group (91.6% vs. 95.5%, P=0.006) than non-COVID-19 group. In conclusion, OCT demonstrated that COVID-19 infection is associated with coronary pathological changes such as more plaque ruptures, erosions, and fibrosis as well as diffuse lesions. Further, COVID-19 infection is associated with the higher propensity for acute coronary events and the higher risk of MACE in CAD patients.
Keywords: COVID-19; Coronary artery disease; Optical coherence tomography.