tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Allergol Immunopathol (Madr)
. 2021 May 1;49(3):1-7.
doi: 10.15586/aei.v49i3.7. eCollection 2021.
Low prevalence of asthma in Mexican children and adults with a positive rtRT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2: a cross-sectional study during the 2020 pandemic
Mart?n Bedolla-Barajas[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jaime Morales-Romero[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Tonatiuh Ramses Bedolla-Pulido[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Carlos Meza-L?pez[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Mart?n Robles-Figueroa[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Norma Ang?lica Pulido-Guill?n[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Luis Gustavo Orozco-Alatorre[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Carlos Alberto Andrade-Castellanos[SUP] 4 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Background: It has recently been argued that asthma does not increase the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. If so, the prevalence of asthma in subjects diagnosed with COVID-19 should be lower than in the general population.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of asthma in Mexican children and adults with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Methods: A public database of the Epidemiological Surveillance System for Viral Respiratory Disease in Mexico was analyzed. Those who underwent the real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction-SARS-CoV-2 (rtRT-PCR-SARS-CoV-2) test from February 27 to June 21, 2020, were included. In addition to the prevalence of asthma, some factors associated with it were investigated.
Results: Data from 417,366 subjects were analyzed. Asthma prevalence in children, adults, and global were 3.7%, 3.3%, and 3.3%, respectively. Although the asthma prevalence was lower in SARS-CoV-2 positive over negative patients, significant differences were only found in adults (2.8% vs. 3.7% respectively; odds ratio (OR) = 0.74; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.71-0.77); but not in children (3.5% vs. 3.8%, respectively; OR = 0.91; 95%CI: 0.76-1.10). Multivariate analysis showed in younger than 18 years that girls and immunosuppression were factors associated with a decrease in the odds to develop asthma. In adults, asthma was positively associated with females, obesity, smoking, immunosuppression, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, arterial hypertension, and cardiovascular disease.
Conclusion: The prevalence of asthma in child and adult were lower than those previously reported. Our study seems to support the hypothesis that asthma patients have a lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Further studies are required to demonstrate the consistency of our findings.
Keywords: COVID-19; adults; asthma; children; cross-sectional study.
. 2021 May 1;49(3):1-7.
doi: 10.15586/aei.v49i3.7. eCollection 2021.
Low prevalence of asthma in Mexican children and adults with a positive rtRT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2: a cross-sectional study during the 2020 pandemic
Mart?n Bedolla-Barajas[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Jaime Morales-Romero[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Tonatiuh Ramses Bedolla-Pulido[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Carlos Meza-L?pez[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Mart?n Robles-Figueroa[SUP] 4 [/SUP], Norma Ang?lica Pulido-Guill?n[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Luis Gustavo Orozco-Alatorre[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Carlos Alberto Andrade-Castellanos[SUP] 4 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 33938182
- DOI: 10.15586/aei.v49i3.7
Abstract
Background: It has recently been argued that asthma does not increase the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. If so, the prevalence of asthma in subjects diagnosed with COVID-19 should be lower than in the general population.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of asthma in Mexican children and adults with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Methods: A public database of the Epidemiological Surveillance System for Viral Respiratory Disease in Mexico was analyzed. Those who underwent the real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction-SARS-CoV-2 (rtRT-PCR-SARS-CoV-2) test from February 27 to June 21, 2020, were included. In addition to the prevalence of asthma, some factors associated with it were investigated.
Results: Data from 417,366 subjects were analyzed. Asthma prevalence in children, adults, and global were 3.7%, 3.3%, and 3.3%, respectively. Although the asthma prevalence was lower in SARS-CoV-2 positive over negative patients, significant differences were only found in adults (2.8% vs. 3.7% respectively; odds ratio (OR) = 0.74; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.71-0.77); but not in children (3.5% vs. 3.8%, respectively; OR = 0.91; 95%CI: 0.76-1.10). Multivariate analysis showed in younger than 18 years that girls and immunosuppression were factors associated with a decrease in the odds to develop asthma. In adults, asthma was positively associated with females, obesity, smoking, immunosuppression, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, arterial hypertension, and cardiovascular disease.
Conclusion: The prevalence of asthma in child and adult were lower than those previously reported. Our study seems to support the hypothesis that asthma patients have a lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Further studies are required to demonstrate the consistency of our findings.
Keywords: COVID-19; adults; asthma; children; cross-sectional study.