tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Aging Dis
. 2023 Feb 1;14(1):14-20.
doi: 10.14336/AD.2022.0424.
Risk Factors for One-Year Mortality in Hospitalized Adults with Severe COVID-19
Rodrigo Núñez-Cortés[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Rubén López-Bueno[SUP] 4 5 [/SUP], Rodrigo Torres-Castro[SUP] 2 6 7 [/SUP], Camilo Soto-Carmona[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Maritza Ortega-Palavecinos[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Sofía Pérez-Alenda[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Lilian Solis-Navarro[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Óscar Díaz-Cambronero[SUP] 8 9 [/SUP], Francisco M Martinez-Arnau[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Joaquín Calatayud[SUP] 5 10 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
As the body's immunity declines with age, elderly-hospitalized patients due to COVID-19 might be at higher mortality risk. Therefore, the aim of this prospective study was to examine the possible risk factors (demographic, social or comorbidities) most associated with mortality one-year after diagnosis of COVID-19. Routine data were collected from a cohort of hospitalized adults with severe COVID-19. The primary endpoint was mortality at one-year after diagnosis of COVID-19. We used a Cox proportional hazard model to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) for both all-cause and specific cardiorespiratory mortality. A fully adjusted model included sex, socioeconomic status, institutionalization status, disability, smoking habit, and comorbidities as confounders. A total of 368 severe cases hospitalized on average 67.3 ± 15.9 years old were included. Participants aged ≥ 71 years had significantly higher HRs for all-cause mortality (adjusted HRs = 2.86, 95%CI: 2.01-4.07) and cardiorespiratory mortality (adjusted HRs = 2.86, 95%CI: 1.99-4.12). The association between age and mortality after diagnosis of COVID-19 due to both all-causes and cardiorespiratory mortality showed a consistent dose-response fashion. Institutionalization, disability, and socioeconomic status also showed a significant association with mortality. In conclusion, aging itself was the most important risk factor associated with mortality one year after diagnosis of COVID-19. People with disabilities, institutionalized or low socioeconomic status are significantly more likely to die after COVID-19.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; aging; coronavirus; infectious diseases; mortality.
. 2023 Feb 1;14(1):14-20.
doi: 10.14336/AD.2022.0424.
Risk Factors for One-Year Mortality in Hospitalized Adults with Severe COVID-19
Rodrigo Núñez-Cortés[SUP] 1 2 3 [/SUP], Rubén López-Bueno[SUP] 4 5 [/SUP], Rodrigo Torres-Castro[SUP] 2 6 7 [/SUP], Camilo Soto-Carmona[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Maritza Ortega-Palavecinos[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Sofía Pérez-Alenda[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Lilian Solis-Navarro[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Óscar Díaz-Cambronero[SUP] 8 9 [/SUP], Francisco M Martinez-Arnau[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Joaquín Calatayud[SUP] 5 10 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 36818568
- PMCID: PMC9937706
- DOI: 10.14336/AD.2022.0424
Abstract
As the body's immunity declines with age, elderly-hospitalized patients due to COVID-19 might be at higher mortality risk. Therefore, the aim of this prospective study was to examine the possible risk factors (demographic, social or comorbidities) most associated with mortality one-year after diagnosis of COVID-19. Routine data were collected from a cohort of hospitalized adults with severe COVID-19. The primary endpoint was mortality at one-year after diagnosis of COVID-19. We used a Cox proportional hazard model to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) for both all-cause and specific cardiorespiratory mortality. A fully adjusted model included sex, socioeconomic status, institutionalization status, disability, smoking habit, and comorbidities as confounders. A total of 368 severe cases hospitalized on average 67.3 ± 15.9 years old were included. Participants aged ≥ 71 years had significantly higher HRs for all-cause mortality (adjusted HRs = 2.86, 95%CI: 2.01-4.07) and cardiorespiratory mortality (adjusted HRs = 2.86, 95%CI: 1.99-4.12). The association between age and mortality after diagnosis of COVID-19 due to both all-causes and cardiorespiratory mortality showed a consistent dose-response fashion. Institutionalization, disability, and socioeconomic status also showed a significant association with mortality. In conclusion, aging itself was the most important risk factor associated with mortality one year after diagnosis of COVID-19. People with disabilities, institutionalized or low socioeconomic status are significantly more likely to die after COVID-19.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; aging; coronavirus; infectious diseases; mortality.