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A NOTE ON INFLUENZA IN INDIA, 1918-20...by CHIEF MEDICAL OFFICER, EAST INDIAN RAIWAY

Sally Furniss

Well-known member
Use of homeopathic medicines to treat influenza patients

http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/picrender.fcgi?artid=2338439&blobtype=pdf


A NOTE ON INFLUENZA IN INDIA, 1918-20.

BY
H. G. WATERS, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., D.P.H.CAMB.,
D.T.M. AND H.,
CHIEF MEDICAL OFFICER, EAST INDIAN RAILWAY.

MY report on influenza, published in February, 1919, gives
an account of the result of treating the 1918 influenza outbreak
by stimulants instead of by the usual depressant
mixtures containing salicylates It records the treatment
of 28,859 cases, with 509 deaths-a case-mortality of 1.7
per cent.

The second outbreak in 1920 gave a general impression
to all my staff of medical men, numbering almost 100, that
one attack of influenza protects the individual against a
second attack. The following definite records, altlhough of
small numbers, are so confirmatory of this impression that
we may, I think, accept them as proving that " one attack
of influenza protects against a second," as much as measles
does. The cases recorded were all clear to type, and not
catarrh cases, so often miscalled influenza.

At the three Oak Grove Schools, Mussoorie, we have a population
of:

Boys' school ... ... ... 220
Girls' school ... 118
Junior boys ... ...... 105
Junior girls ... ... .. 72
Staff (includes families) ... ... 56
Clerks ,, ,, .... 9
Menials ,, ,, ... ... 225
805


To attend on these we had one medical officer, two sub-assistant
surgeons, and eight nurses. The records and attendance were
therefore probably much better than those furnished in the
average case. Every one of the nurses in turn contracted the
disease; these are included in " staff sick." In the 1918 October
outbreak 195 cases occurred amongst the European and East
Indian population, with four cases of pneumonia, of whom one
died, giving a case mortality of 0.35 per cent. Thirty cases
occurred amongst the menials, with a case mortality of 3.3 per
cent. Thus f-here were 225 cases out of a population of 805.
In March and April, 1920, we had a second outbreak. Population
the same as recorded above. There were 55 cases
amongst the Europeans and East Indians with no death;
79 cases occurred amongst the Indians with 4 deaths. Thus
there were 134 cases among 805 population. Of these two only
had had a previous attack of this disease.
At Bishop Johnston's Orphanage there are 60igirls, and
at Colvin Free School 100 boys. The two school residences
are a mile apart on opposite sides of the railway. The girls
walk daily to the boys' school, where they are taught in mixed
classes. In September, 1918, influenza started amongst the
girls and their school attendance was prohibited ; 50 per cent.
were attacked, with no death. There were two doubtful fever
cases amongst the boys. In February,influenza started in
the boys' school, and school attendance was continued by the girls;
46 boys out of 100 were attacked,
while of the girls 10 only developed
the 'disease, none of those previously
attacked suffering; this in
spite of daily association in class
with boys' sickening for and recovering from influenza.

The stimulant mixture used
was tr. lnucis vomic. and ammon carb. other treatment according to symptoms. The figures for the 1920 outbreak were not complete when I left; the treatment this year was supplemented by camphor and nux vomica extract pills.

The type was marked by a sudden onset, with a rise of
temperature to 1030 F. in a few hours; severe headache,
nasal catarrh, pains in limbs and body, slow pulse (80 per
minute in spite of the high temperature) and very marked
prostration.
Combined charts showing tho relation of the temperatures
for 1918 and 1920, simple -and complicated with
pneumonia, are reproduced herewith.

In 1918 every pregnant woman attended for influenza,
with one exception, aborted and died of post-partum
hearnorrhage, four were under treatment in hospital;
neither pituitrin nor ergot seemed to have any action on
the uterine muscle. There was no special age or sex
incidence.

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