Giuseppe
Emeritus
[In this post: (1) Selected Research Articles Abstracts.
To see more abstracts and other scientific publication, visit the site FlyingPublisher.
Contents:
(1.1) MDCK SIAT-1 cells show improved isolation rates for recent human influenza viruses compared to conventional MDCK cells.
(1.2) A bivalent influenza VLP vaccine confers complete inhibition of virus replication in lungs.
(1.3) A risk-assessment model to rate the occurrence and relevance of adventitious agents in the production of influenza vaccines.
See original abstracts at the source site. EDITED]
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(1.1): J Clin Microbiol. 2008 May 14. [Epub ahead of print]
MDCK SIAT-1 cells show improved isolation rates for recent human influenza viruses compared to conventional MDCK cells.
Oh DY, Barr IG, Mosse JA, Laurie KL. - WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, 45 Poplar Road, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia, 3052; School of Applied Sciences and Engineering, Monash University Gippsland Campus, Churchill, Victoria, Australia, 3842.
The ability to isolate and propagate influenza virus is an essential tool for yearly surveillance of circulating virus strains, and to ensure an accurate clinical diagnosis for appropriate treatment.
The suitability of MDCK-SIAT1 cells, engineered to express increased levels of alpha-2,6-linked sialic acid receptors, as an alternative to conventional MDCK cells for isolation of circulating influenza virus was assessed.
A higher number of influenza A (H1N1 and H3N2) and B viruses from stored human clinical specimens collected between 2005 and 2007 was isolated following inoculation in MDCK-SIAT1 cells compared to MDCK cells.
In addition, a higher titre of virus was recovered following culture in MDCK-SIAT1 cells.
All A(H1N1) viruses recovered from MDCK-SIAT1 cells were able to agglutinate both turkey and guinea pig RBC, whilst half of the A(H3N2) viruses recovered after passage in MDCK-SIAT1 cells lost the ability to agglutinate turkey RBC.
Importantly, the HA-1 domain of the haemagglutinin gene was genetically stable after passaging in MDCK-SIAT1 cells, a feature not always seen following MDCK cell- or embryonated chicken egg-passage of human influenza virus.
These data indicate that the MDCK-SIAT1 cell line is superior to conventional MDCK cells for isolation of human influenza from clinical specimens and may be used routinely for the isolation and propagation of current human influenza viruses, for surveillance, diagnostic and research purposes.
PMID: 18480230 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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(1.2): Vaccine. 2008 Apr 11. [Epub ahead of print]
A bivalent influenza VLP vaccine confers complete inhibition of virus replication in lungs.
Quan FS, Steinhauer D, Huang C, Ross TM, Compans RW, Kang SM. - Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
The conventional egg-grown influenza vaccines are trivalent.
To test the feasibility of using multivalent influenza virus-like particles (VLPs) as an alternative influenza vaccine, we developed cell-derived influenza VLPs containing the hemagglutinin (HA) of the H1 subtype virus A/PR/8/34 or the H3 subtype virus A/Aichi/2/68 (X31).
Mice immunized intramuscularly with bivalent influenza VLPs containing H1 and H3 HAs induced neutralizing activities against the homologous and closely related H1N1 strains A/PR/8/34 and A/WSN/33 as well as the H3N2 strains A/Aichi/2/68 (X31) and A/Hong Kong/68, but not the A/Philippines/2/82 strain isolated 14 years later.
HA sequence and structure analysis indicated that antigenic distance could be a major factor in predicting cross-protection by VLP vaccines.
The bivalent influenza VLP vaccine demonstrated advantages in broadening the protective immunity after lethal challenge infections when compared to a monovalent influenza VLP vaccine.
High levels of the inflammatory cytokine IL-6 were observed in na?ve or unprotected immunized mice but not in protected mice upon lethal challenge.
These results indicate that multivalent influenza VLP vaccines can be an effective antigen for developing safe and alternative vaccine to control the spread of influenza viruses.
PMID: 18468740 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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(1.3): Vaccine. 2008 Apr 15. [Epub ahead of print]
A risk-assessment model to rate the occurrence and relevance of adventitious agents in the production of influenza vaccines.
Gregersen JP. - Novartis Behring, Emil von Behring Str. 76, D-35041 Marburg, Germany.
Influenza vaccine production has traditionally relied on the use of embryonated chicken eggs for virus isolation and propagation, but recently, cell-culture-derived manufacturing methods have been introduced.
During influenza vaccine production, by either conventional or cell culture methods, there is a risk of incidental contamination by adventitious agents.
Thus, a risk-assessment model has been developed to qualitatively assess the potential risk of vaccine process contamination by viral pathogens.
The model takes into account the basic growth characteristics of each virus, its ability to grow in different cell substrates and resistance to processing steps during vaccine manufacture.
The risk-assessment model has been applied to various pathogens to determine potential risk and relevance in different manufacturing scenarios, using different cell substrates for virus propagation, including Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells.
Avian viruses, introduced via use of embryonated eggs for virus isolation, were found to present the greatest risk, irrespective of the substrate used for influenza virus propagation.
The use of MDCK cells to propagate vaccine virus from egg-isolated influenza virus strains does not introduce a new or greater adventitious virus risk, compared with egg-based vaccine production.
Indeed, the adventitious virus risk is potentially reduced as fewer viruses are able to grow in MDCK cells.
PMID: 18468737 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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To see more abstracts and other scientific publication, visit the site FlyingPublisher.
Contents:
(1.1) MDCK SIAT-1 cells show improved isolation rates for recent human influenza viruses compared to conventional MDCK cells.
(1.2) A bivalent influenza VLP vaccine confers complete inhibition of virus replication in lungs.
(1.3) A risk-assessment model to rate the occurrence and relevance of adventitious agents in the production of influenza vaccines.
See original abstracts at the source site. EDITED]
----------
-
(1.1): J Clin Microbiol. 2008 May 14. [Epub ahead of print]
MDCK SIAT-1 cells show improved isolation rates for recent human influenza viruses compared to conventional MDCK cells.
Oh DY, Barr IG, Mosse JA, Laurie KL. - WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, 45 Poplar Road, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia, 3052; School of Applied Sciences and Engineering, Monash University Gippsland Campus, Churchill, Victoria, Australia, 3842.
The ability to isolate and propagate influenza virus is an essential tool for yearly surveillance of circulating virus strains, and to ensure an accurate clinical diagnosis for appropriate treatment.
The suitability of MDCK-SIAT1 cells, engineered to express increased levels of alpha-2,6-linked sialic acid receptors, as an alternative to conventional MDCK cells for isolation of circulating influenza virus was assessed.
A higher number of influenza A (H1N1 and H3N2) and B viruses from stored human clinical specimens collected between 2005 and 2007 was isolated following inoculation in MDCK-SIAT1 cells compared to MDCK cells.
In addition, a higher titre of virus was recovered following culture in MDCK-SIAT1 cells.
All A(H1N1) viruses recovered from MDCK-SIAT1 cells were able to agglutinate both turkey and guinea pig RBC, whilst half of the A(H3N2) viruses recovered after passage in MDCK-SIAT1 cells lost the ability to agglutinate turkey RBC.
Importantly, the HA-1 domain of the haemagglutinin gene was genetically stable after passaging in MDCK-SIAT1 cells, a feature not always seen following MDCK cell- or embryonated chicken egg-passage of human influenza virus.
These data indicate that the MDCK-SIAT1 cell line is superior to conventional MDCK cells for isolation of human influenza from clinical specimens and may be used routinely for the isolation and propagation of current human influenza viruses, for surveillance, diagnostic and research purposes.
PMID: 18480230 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
-
-------
-
(1.2): Vaccine. 2008 Apr 11. [Epub ahead of print]
A bivalent influenza VLP vaccine confers complete inhibition of virus replication in lungs.
Quan FS, Steinhauer D, Huang C, Ross TM, Compans RW, Kang SM. - Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
The conventional egg-grown influenza vaccines are trivalent.
To test the feasibility of using multivalent influenza virus-like particles (VLPs) as an alternative influenza vaccine, we developed cell-derived influenza VLPs containing the hemagglutinin (HA) of the H1 subtype virus A/PR/8/34 or the H3 subtype virus A/Aichi/2/68 (X31).
Mice immunized intramuscularly with bivalent influenza VLPs containing H1 and H3 HAs induced neutralizing activities against the homologous and closely related H1N1 strains A/PR/8/34 and A/WSN/33 as well as the H3N2 strains A/Aichi/2/68 (X31) and A/Hong Kong/68, but not the A/Philippines/2/82 strain isolated 14 years later.
HA sequence and structure analysis indicated that antigenic distance could be a major factor in predicting cross-protection by VLP vaccines.
The bivalent influenza VLP vaccine demonstrated advantages in broadening the protective immunity after lethal challenge infections when compared to a monovalent influenza VLP vaccine.
High levels of the inflammatory cytokine IL-6 were observed in na?ve or unprotected immunized mice but not in protected mice upon lethal challenge.
These results indicate that multivalent influenza VLP vaccines can be an effective antigen for developing safe and alternative vaccine to control the spread of influenza viruses.
PMID: 18468740 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
-
-------
-
(1.3): Vaccine. 2008 Apr 15. [Epub ahead of print]
A risk-assessment model to rate the occurrence and relevance of adventitious agents in the production of influenza vaccines.
Gregersen JP. - Novartis Behring, Emil von Behring Str. 76, D-35041 Marburg, Germany.
Influenza vaccine production has traditionally relied on the use of embryonated chicken eggs for virus isolation and propagation, but recently, cell-culture-derived manufacturing methods have been introduced.
During influenza vaccine production, by either conventional or cell culture methods, there is a risk of incidental contamination by adventitious agents.
Thus, a risk-assessment model has been developed to qualitatively assess the potential risk of vaccine process contamination by viral pathogens.
The model takes into account the basic growth characteristics of each virus, its ability to grow in different cell substrates and resistance to processing steps during vaccine manufacture.
The risk-assessment model has been applied to various pathogens to determine potential risk and relevance in different manufacturing scenarios, using different cell substrates for virus propagation, including Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells.
Avian viruses, introduced via use of embryonated eggs for virus isolation, were found to present the greatest risk, irrespective of the substrate used for influenza virus propagation.
The use of MDCK cells to propagate vaccine virus from egg-isolated influenza virus strains does not introduce a new or greater adventitious virus risk, compared with egg-based vaccine production.
Indeed, the adventitious virus risk is potentially reduced as fewer viruses are able to grow in MDCK cells.
PMID: 18468737 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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