Cell Rep
. 2022 Jan 19;110345.
doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110345. Online ahead of print.
Maintenance of broad neutralizing antibodies and memory B cells 1 year post-infection is predicted by SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ T cell responses
Harikrishnan Balachandran 1 , Chansavath Phetsouphanh 2 , David Agapiou 2 , Anurag Adhikari 3 , Chaturaka Rodrigo 1 , Mohamed Hammoud 2 , Lok Bahadur Shrestha 1 , Elizabeth Keoshkerian 2 , Money Gupta 1 , Stuart Turville 2 , Daniel Christ 4 , Cecile King 4 , Sarah C Sasson 2 , Adam Bartlett 5 , Branka Grubor-Bauk 6 , William Rawlinson 7 , Anupriya Aggarwal 2 , Alberto Ospina Stella 2 , Vera Klemm 2 , Michael M Mina 8 , Jeffrey J Post 9 , Bernard Hudson 10 , Nicky Gilroy 11 , Pam Konecny 12 , Golo Ahlenstiel 13 , Dominic E Dwyer 14 , Tania C Sorrell 15 , Anthony Kelleher 2 , Nicodemus Tedla 16 , Andrew R Lloyd 2 , Marianne Martinello 17 , Rowena A Bull 18 , COSIN Study Group
Affiliations
- PMID: 35090598
- DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110345
Abstract
Understanding the long-term maintenance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunity is critical for predicting protection against reinfection. In an age- and gender-matched cohort of 24 participants, the association of disease severity and early immune responses on the maintenance of humoral immunity 12 months post-infection is examined. All severely affected participants maintain a stable subset of SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific memory B cells (MBCs) and good neutralizing antibody breadth against the majority of the variants of concern, including the Delta variant. Modeling these immune responses against vaccine efficacy data indicate a 45%-76% protection against symptomatic infection (variant dependent). Overall, these findings indicate durable humoral responses in most participants after infection, reasonable protection against reinfection, and implicate baseline antigen-specific CD4+ T cell responses as a predictor of maintenance of antibody neutralization breadth and RBD-specific MBC levels at 12 months post-infection.
Keywords: 12 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection; Delta variant; RBD-specific memory B cells longevity; SARS-CoV-2; SARS-CoV-2 OX40 CD4 T cell assay; SARS-CoV-2 antibody duration; SARS-CoV-2 neutralization; protection efficacy prediction; variants of concern.