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Open Forum Infect Dis. 2019 May 6;6(7):ofz207. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofz207. eCollection 2019 Jul.
Influenza Before the 1890 and 1918 Pandemics in the US Army and at the US Military Academy.
Shanks GD1,2, Eslinger M3.
Author information
Abstract
Influenza rates for the US Army and West Point cadets showed that seasonal influenza was not necessarily an annual event, and there was little influenzal illness in the decade before 1918 except for 1911 and 1916. Annual records from 1862-1918 also indicated a similar paucity of influenzal illness before 1890.
KEYWORDS:
US military; epidemiology; influenza; pandemic
PMID: 31304184 PMCID: PMC6612836 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofz207
Influenza Before the 1890 and 1918 Pandemics in the US Army and at the US Military Academy.
Shanks GD1,2, Eslinger M3.
Author information
Abstract
Influenza rates for the US Army and West Point cadets showed that seasonal influenza was not necessarily an annual event, and there was little influenzal illness in the decade before 1918 except for 1911 and 1916. Annual records from 1862-1918 also indicated a similar paucity of influenzal illness before 1890.
KEYWORDS:
US military; epidemiology; influenza; pandemic
PMID: 31304184 PMCID: PMC6612836 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofz207