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Cameroon - 1 new outbreak of Monkeypox in chimpanzees in Centre (OIE, August 25, 2016)

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  • #1

    Cameroon - 1 new outbreak of Monkeypox in chimpanzees in Centre (OIE, August 25, 2016)

    Cameroon
    Information received on 25/08/2016 from Dr Gaston Djonwe, Directeur des Services V?t?rinaires, Services V?t?rinaires, Minist?re de l'Elevage, des P?ches & des Industries Animales, Yaound?, Cameroon
    Summary
    Report type Immediate notification
    Date of start of the event 15/08/2016
    Date of confirmation of the event 17/08/2016
    Report date 25/08/2016
    Date submitted to OIE 25/08/2016
    Reason for notification Emerging disease
    Morbidity 1 %
    Mortality 1 %
    Zoonotic impact Monkeypox virus
    Causal agent Monkeypox virus
    New outbreaks (1)
    Outbreak 1 Mefou Primate Sanctuary, Mfou, Mefou et Afamba, CENTRE
    Date of start of the outbreak 15/08/2016
    Outbreak status Continuing (or date resolved not provided)
    Epidemiological unit Natural park
    Affected animals
    Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Destroyed Slaughtered
    Common chimpanzee:Pan troglodytes(Hominidae) 300 2 1 1 0
    Affected population The group of 22 chimpanzees (1 sick + 1 dead) used to live in a 3-hectares enclosure isolated from the other compartments of the sanctuary (18 enclosures).
    Summary of outbreaks Total outbreaks: 1
    Total animals affected
    Species Susceptible Cases Deaths Destroyed Slaughtered
    Common chimpanzee:Pan troglodytes(Hominidae) 300 2 1 1 0
    Outbreak statistics
    Species Apparent morbidity rate Apparent mortality rate Apparent case fatality rate Proportion susceptible animals lost*
    Common chimpanzee:Pan troglodytes(Hominidae) 0.67% 0.33% 50.00% 0.67%
    *Removed from the susceptible population through death, destruction and/or slaughter
    Epidemiology
    Source of the outbreak(s) or origin of infection
    • Unknown or inconclusive
    Epidemiological comments Within the framework of wild diseases surveillance, the Cameroon network of Animal diseases epidemio-surveillance (RESCAM), Ministry of Livestock, Fisheries and Animal industries, was informed about the mortality of a chimpanzee from the Mefou Primate Sanctuary, on August, 16th. Following epidemiological investigation and sampling, the Research center for Armies health (CRESAR) performed analyses and confirmed the presence of simian orthopoxvirus, which is the causal agent responsible for a zoonotic disease known as Monkeypox. Poxvirus Congo basin strain was identified. The group of 22 chimpanzees (1 sick + 1 dead) used to live in a 3-hectares enclosure isolated from the other compartments of the sanctuary (18 enclosures). Clinical signs were: lack of appetite and progressive occurrence of nodules and blisters on the face. The sanctuary is populated with chimpanzees, gorillas and monkeys (300 in total) over about 900 hectares. It is compartmentalized and fenced. Animals were introduced within the sanctuary. Quarantine was applied (sick animals kept inside the enclosure) and biosecurity measures are reinforced for the staff working within the enclosure. Epidemiological investigation is continuing and active surveillance of rodents and the environment is being performed within the sanctuary.
    Control measures
    Measures applied
    • Disinfection / Disinfestation
    • Quarantine
    • Surveillance outside containment and/or protection zone
    • Surveillance within containment and/or protection zone
    • Vaccination prohibited
    • No treatment of affected animals
    Measures to be applied
    • No other measures
    Diagnostic test results
    Laboratory name and type Species Test Test date Result
    Army health Research center (CRESAR) (National laboratory) Common chimpanzee gene sequencing Pending
    Army health Research center (CRESAR) (National laboratory) Common chimpanzee real-time PCR 17/08/2016 Positive
    Future Reporting
    The event is continuing. Weekly follow-up reports will be submitted.
    ...
    403 Access Forbidden
    http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=20824
    "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
    -Nelson Mandela
    Tags: None
  • #2

    Cameroon - Pox viruses (other than those listed by the OIE)(Inf. with)(2011-) - Follow up report 55


    GENERAL INFORMATION
    COUNTRY/TERRITORY OR ZONE


    COUNTRY/TERRITORY

    ANIMAL TYPE
    TERRESTRIAL

    DISEASE CATEGORY
    Non OIE-listed affecting wild animals

    EVENT ID
    2012

    DISEASE
    Pox viruses (other than those listed by the OIE)(Inf. with)(2011-)

    CAUSAL AGENT
    Poxvirus

    GENOTYPE / SEROTYPE / SUBTYPE
    -

    START DATE
    2016/08/15


    REASON FOR NOTIFICATION
    Emerging disease

    DATE OF LAST OCCURRENCE
    -

    CONFIRMATION DATE
    2016/08/17


    EVENT STATUS
    Resolved

    END DATE
    2017/12/22


    SELF-DECLARATION
    NO

    REPORT INFORMATION

    REPORT NUMBER
    Follow-up report 55

    REPORT ID
    FUR_158486

    REPORT REFERENCE
    -
    REPORT DATE
    2022/12/29

    REPORT STATUS
    Validated

    NO EVOLUTION REPORT
    -

    EPIDEMIOLOGY

    SOURCE OF EVENT OR ORIGIN OF INFECTION
    • Unknown or inconclusive
    EPIDEMIOLOGICAL COMMENTS

    In accordance with Law No. 006 of April 16, 2001 on the nomenclature and zoo sanitary regulations of livestock diseases deemed legally contagious and notifiable and the OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code, surveillance continues. Note: This event was closed on December 22, 2017, after the Scientific Commission for Animal Diseases of the World Organization for Animal Health assessed that the disease did not meet the definition of an emerging disease.

    DISEASE IMPACT

    ZOONOTIC POTENTIAL

    YES

    Monkey pox virus

    QUANTITATIVE DATA SUMMARY

    MEASURING UNIT


    Animal
    SpeciesSusceptibleCasesDeathsKilled and Disposed ofSlaughtered/ Killed for commercial useVaccinatedCommon chimpanzee (WILD)NEW------TOTAL3003300-DIAGNOSTIC DETAILS
    CLINICAL SIGNS


    NO
    METHOD OF DIAGNOSTIC


    Diagnostic test
    Gene sequencing Centre de Recherche pour la Santé des Armées (CRESAR) Common chimpanzee 2017/12/22 Pending
    Gene sequencing Centre de Recherche pour la Santé des Armées (CRESAR) Common chimpanzee 2017/08/25 Pending
    Gene sequencing Centre de Recherche pour la Santé des Armées (CRESAR) Common chimpanzee 2017/08/11 Pending
    Gene sequencing Centre de Recherche pour la Santé des Armées (CRESAR) Common chimpanzee 2017/06/18 Pending
    Gene sequencing Centre de Recherche pour la Santé des Armées (CRESAR) Common chimpanzee 2017/06/10 Pending
    Gene sequencing Centre de Recherche pour la Santé des Armées (CRESAR) Common chimpanzee 2017/02/03 Pending
    Gene sequencing Centre de Recherche pour la Santé des Armées (CRESAR) Common chimpanzee 2017/01/21 Pending
    Gene sequencing Centre de Recherche pour la Santé des Armées (CRESAR) Common chimpanzee 2017/01/13 Pending
    Gene sequencing Centre de Recherche pour la Santé des Armées (CRESAR) Common chimpanzee 2017/01/06 Pending
    Gene sequencing Centre de Recherche pour la Santé des Armées (CRESAR) Common chimpanzee 2016/12/23 Pending
    Gene sequencing Centre de Recherche pour la Santé des Armées (CRESAR) Common chimpanzee 2016/12/10 Pending
    Gene sequencing Centre de Recherche pour la Santé des Armées (CRESAR) Common chimpanzee 2016/12/02 Pending
    Gene sequencing Centre de Recherche pour la Santé des Armées (CRESAR) Common chimpanzee 2016/11/26 Pending
    Gene sequencing Centre de Recherche pour la Santé des Armées (CRESAR) Common chimpanzee 2016/11/19 Pending
    Gene sequencing Centre de Recherche pour la Santé des Armées (CRESAR) Common chimpanzee 2016/11/11 Pending
    Gene sequencing Centre de Recherche pour la Santé des Armées (CRESAR) Common chimpanzee 2016/11/04 Pending
    Gene sequencing Centre de Recherche pour la Santé des Armées (CRESAR) Common chimpanzee 2016/10/28 Pending
    Gene sequencing Centre de Recherche pour la Santé des Armées (CRESAR) Common chimpanzee 2016/10/21 Pending
    Gene sequencing Centre de Recherche pour la Santé des Armées (CRESAR) Common chimpanzee 2016/10/15 Pending
    Gene sequencing Centre de Recherche pour la Santé des Armées (CRESAR) Common chimpanzee 2016/09/30 Pending
    Gene sequencing Centre de Recherche pour la Santé des Armées (CRESAR) Common chimpanzee 2016/08/25 Pending
    Gene sequencing Centre de Recherche pour la Santé des Armées (CRESAR) Common chimpanzee 2017/02/17 Positive
    Real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) Centre de Recherche pour la Santé des Armées (CRESAR) Common chimpanzee 2016/08/17 Positive
    CONTROL MEASURES AT EVENT LEVEL
    CONTROL MEASURES AT EVENT LEVEL
    DOMESTIC ANIMALS
    WILD ANIMALSDisinfection / Disinfestation

    Applied

    Applied

    Quarantine

    Applied

    Applied

    UPDATED OUTBREAKS

    1000074110 - MEFOU PRIMATE SANCTUARY

    OUTBREAK REFERENCE

    -
    START DATE

    2016/08/15

    END DATE

    2017/12/22

    DETAILED CHARACTERISATION
    -

    FIRST ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION
    Centre

    SECOND ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION
    -

    THIRD ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION
    -

    EPIDEMIOLOGICAL UNIT
    Natural park

    LOCATION
    Mefou Primate Sanctuary

    Latitude, Longitude
    3.6260389 , 11.5804611

    OUTBREAKS IN CLUSTER
    -

    MEASURING UNIT
    Animal

    AFFECTED POPULATION DESCRIPTION

    The group of 22 chimpanzees (dead animal included) used to live in a 3-hectares enclosure isolated from the other compartments of the sanctuary (18 enclosures).

    SpeciesSusceptibleCasesDeathsKilled and Disposed ofSlaughtered/ Killed for commercial useVaccinatedCommon chimpanzee (WILD)

    NEW - - - - - -
    TOTAL 300 3 3 0 0 -

    ...
    WAHIS
    https://wahis.woah.org/#/in-review/2012
    "Safety and security don't just happen, they are the result of collective consensus and public investment. We owe our children, the most vulnerable citizens in our society, a life free of violence and fear."
    -Nelson Mandela

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