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  • India - Bird Flu in Poultry/Animals Feb 10th + August 3rd 2008

    It should be reminded to local authorities that declare 'under control' an avian influenza H5N1 epizootics may lead to a disaster similar as happened in Vietnam (at the beginning of 2004, and later in 2005 in Indonesia). If the virus becomes endemic the eradication might require years and perhaps human fatalities begin to appear, at this point however they are avoidable. With honesty, thing not rare in India and in all the countries affected, of course.
    -

    India culls poultry to contain new bird flu outbreak
    Mon Mar 10, 2008 9:49am GMT - By Bappa Majumdar

    NEW DELHI (Reuters) - Only a month after authorities declared bird flu was under control in eastern India, veterinary workers began culling thousands of chickens on Monday to contain a fresh outbreak in poultry.

    The outbreak was reported from West Bengal's Murshidabad district where 900 chickens and ducks died over the last two weeks, officials said.

    In January, the H5N1 virus had hit 13 of the state's 19 districts, including Murshidabad, bringing down poultry sales by more than 70 percent in the state, but it had a limited impact in rest of the country.

    Authorities in West Bengal then culled more than 3.4 million birds in the state after the World Health Organization (WHO) described January's outbreak as the worst-ever in India.

    There have been no reported human cases of the bird flu. Experts fear the H5N1 strain could one day mutate into a form easily transmitted from person to person, leading to a pandemic that could kill millions worldwide.

    Officials in eastern India say bird flu among poultry could spread to new areas.
    "We do not know how many chickens and ducks escaped culling during the earlier exercise, but we are now trying our best to find them," Anisur Rahaman, the state's animal resources minister told Reuters from the state capital, Kolkata.
    Bird deaths were also reported from neighboring Birbhum district, the epicenter of the original outbreak in January.

    "We don't think it is bird flu, but we are collecting samples from Birbhum for testing," Rahaman said.

    SMUGGLED POULTRY

    The minister said smuggled poultry from bird-flu hit Bangladesh could have triggered the latest outbreak.

    Bird flu spread to another district in Bangladesh last week, affecting 47 out of 64 districts in the country, struggling to contain the outbreak.

    In India's bordering district of Murshidabad, over 350 veterinary workers were catching chickens and ducks on Monday from homes and slaughtering them by wringing their necks, officials and witnesses said.

    Trade associations in New Delhi said the latest outbreak could impact on the demand for maize and oilmeal from the poultry industry.

    "The demand of maize may go down. Possibly the prices may soften to an extent," said Amol Sheth, president of the All India Starch Manufacturers Association.

    At least 50,000 chickens and ducks will be slaughtered in the next few days to contain the latest outbreak, a senior district official said.

    Earlier culling efforts had been hampered when villagers refused to hand over their chickens and even let them loose to avoid getting caught.

    "We are determined to cull all backyard poultry in a 5 km (3 miles) radius and ensure a better job this time," Subir Bhadra, a senior official said.

    While India has so far not reported any human infection, but health workers were moving in villages to look for people with flu-like symptoms.

    "We are well-prepared and a strict surveillance is in place now," Rahaman said.

    The WHO said recently the virus was firmly entrenched in Asia and a pandemic among humans was possible.

    (Additional reporting by Biman Mukherji; Editing by Alistair Scrutton and David Fox)

    -

    ------

  • #2
    Re: India - Bird Flu in POULTRY/ANIMALS Feb 5th +

    AVIAN INFLUENZA (42): INDIA (WEST BENGAL)
    *******************************************
    A ProMED-mail post
    <http://www.promedmail.org>
    ProMED-mail is a program of the
    International Society for Infectious Diseases
    <http://www.isid.org>

    [1]
    Date: Sat 8 Mar 2008
    Source: Telegraphindia.com [edited]
    <http://www.telegraphindia.com/1080309/jsp/frontpage/story_8998363.jsp>


    Fresh cases of bird flu have been detected in 2 Murshidabad villages,
    weeks after the Bengal government said culling operations were over
    and lifted the state-wide ban on selling chickens and ducks.

    District magistrate Subir Bhadra confirmed tonight that samples sent
    to the National Animal Research Laboratory in Bhopal from the 2
    villages, Nayamukundapur and Bothra, had tested positive.

    Bhadra said about 60 rapid response teams would be trained tomorrow
    [9 Mar 2008] so they could start culling chickens and ducks in the
    affected areas from Monday [10 Mar 2008] morning.

    The samples were sent 3 days back after 600 chickens died in
    Nayamukundapur in Raghunathgunj Block II, about 50 km from
    Behrampore, and over 300 perished in Bothra in Murshidabad-Jiagunj
    block, about 20 km from the district headquarters.

    In Calcutta, animal resource development minister Anisur Rahman said
    he had heard about the fresh outbreak.

    "We didn't carry out culling operations in 2 freshly affected blocks
    of Murshidabad in January [2008] when bird flu 1st hit Bengal. We
    shall begin culling there in full swing from Monday [10 Mar 2008]."

    The minister said he would visit the affected blocks tomorrow or on
    Monday [10 Mar 2008] after briefing the chief minister. "The
    situation is indeed worrisome," he added.

    The state government had ordered culling operations from mid-January
    2008 after 16 of Bengal's 19 districts were found to have been
    affected by the deadly H5N1 strain of avian influenza.

    Nearly 40 lakh [4 000 000] chickens and ducks were culled up to 5 Feb
    2008. The administration lifted the ban on sales of chickens and
    ducks 7 days later, though mop-up operations are still on in pockets.

    On 22 Feb 2008, the government resumed culling in Murshidabad and
    Birbhum after a central government report said the job was incomplete
    in parts of the 2 districts.

    An official in Murshidabad, about 220 km from Calcutta, said the
    administration launched a campaign tonight over loudspeakers, asking
    people to cooperate and hand over their poultry when culling teams
    visit their homes on Monday [10 Mar 2008].

    --
    Communicated by:
    ProMED-mail Rapporteur Mary Marshall

    ******
    [2]
    Date: Sun 9 Mar 2008
    Source: Sify News [edited]
    <http://sify.com/news/othernews/fullstory.php?id=14619063>


    Fresh cases of bird flu were confirmed in a middle West Bengal
    district on Sat [8 Mar 2008], almost a month after roughly 4 million
    birds were culled to combat India's worst ever outbreak of the deadly
    avian influenza.

    "We have received confirmation of bird flu (the deadly H5N1 strain)
    in 2 villages of Murshidabad district. The 2 villages are
    Nayamukundapur in Raghunathgunj Block II and Dohapara village in
    Murshidabad-Jiagunj block," Murshidabad district [map at
    <http://maps.google.com/maps?hl=en&tab=wl>]
    magistrate Subir Bhadra said.

    The 2 areas -- where about 900 poultry birds died in the past week --
    are about 300 km from Kolkata. Bhadra said the samples that were
    recently sent to the National Animal Research Laboratory in Bhopal
    from the 2 villages had tested positive. He said about 60 rapid
    response teams would start culling chickens and ducks in the affected
    areas soonest. "The preparations are on. [We] might start culling
    from Sunday evening or Monday [10 Mar 2008] morning," he said.

    In Kolkata, West Bengal Animal Resource Development (ARD) Minister
    Anisur Rahman said he had heard about the fresh outbreak and that
    culling would start Sunday [9 Mar 2008] itself. "The areas from where
    the reports came are not new areas. We will start culling Sunday," he
    said. Rahman said about 4 million birds were culled up until
    mid-February 2008 since the outbreak was confirmed on 15 Jan 2008.

    Early February 2008, it was hoped that the worst bird flu crisis ever
    was over after the completion of culling. The ban on sale and
    consumption of poultry products and meat was also lifted from 13 of
    the 19 West Bengal districts where the flu raged. The West Bengal
    government in early February 2008 had allayed fears of human
    infection in the avian flu-hit state, after all the 19 people in the
    state whose blood samples were sent to central laboratories had
    tested negative.

    In West Bengal, the H5N1 virus that causes avian influenza had hit
    parts of 13 out of 19 districts. About 1.8 million people stay in the
    affected areas, Rahman had said.

    Bird flu was confirmed in West Bengal on 15 Jan 2008. The affected
    districts were South 24 Parganas, Howrah, Hooghly, Birbhum, South
    Dinajpur, Murshidabad, Nadia, Burdwan, Bankura, Malda, Cooch Behar,
    Purulia and West Midnapore.

    In neighbouring Bangladesh, which shares a long border with West
    Bengal, bird flu had affected 29 of the 64 districts. The outbreak in
    that country was announced on 3 Jan 2008.

    --
    Communicated by:
    ProMED-mail Rapporteur Mary Marshall

    [India's refraining from stamping-out the 2 Murshidabad outbreaks in
    January 2008, as candidly revealed by Minister Anisur Rahman (see
    item 1 above), may have cost dearly but, luckily, so far without
    (noticeable) human health implications.

    India's last OIE follow-up report on the outbreaks in West Bengal
    (OIE Ref. 6783) was submitted on 9 Feb 2008. A new follow-up report
    is anticipated. - Mod.AS]

    [see also:
    Avian influenza (35): UK (England), Indonesia, India, Bangladesh 20080215.0600
    Avian influenza, poultry vs migratory birds (02): Turkey, India 20080205.0462
    Avian influenza (23): India (West Bengal), Thailand (Phichit) 20080126.0328
    Avian influenza (22): India (West Bengal) 20080123.0284
    Avian influenza (19): India (West Bengal), Bangladesh 20080121.0260
    Avian influenza (18): India (West Bengal), Iran (Mazandaran) 20080119.0245
    Avian influenza (17): Iran (Mazandaran), India (West Bengal) - OIE
    20080119.0235
    Avian influenza (15): India (West Bengal), Iran (Mazandaran) 20080118.0224
    Avian influenza (14): India (West Bengal) 20080117.0216
    Avian influenza (11): India (West Bengal) 20080115.0193]
    ................................................ar n/msp/lm

    Comment


    • #3
      Re: India - Bird Flu in POULTRY/ANIMALS Feb 5th +



      -

      ------

      Comment


      • #4
        Re: India - Bird Flu in POULTRY/ANIMALS Feb 5th +

        Culling starts in Murshidabad
        11 Mar 2008, 0141 hrs IST,TNN

        KOLKATA: Two days after bird flu returned to Murshidabad, culling started at Raghunathganj II and Murshidabad-Jiyaganj blocks of the district.

        An alert was also sounded in Hooghly where the district administration banned poultry farming at Balagarh and Chanditala II blocks as a precautionary step.

        However, a shortage of manpower disrupted the operation at Murshidabad where 5,000 birds were culled on Monday. The operation will continue till March 12 and the target is to cull 50,000 chickens and ducks.

        As culling began, chickens were sold at many places of Raghunathganj block. Hundreds of chickens were removed from farms and sold off to middlemen. Some poultry products even made its way to Kolkata, dealers said.

        West Bengal animal reources development minister Anisur Rahman said it was difficult to "wipe out the H5NI virus easily".

        "It has already affected 50 nations. The virus doesn't go easily, so the recurrence isn't surprising. I can't say why it has returned but we are taking precautions," said he.

        Though 40 culling teams visited 32 villages at Murshidabad-Jiyaganj block and 14 villages and eight municipality areas at Raghunathganj, the pace was slow.

        "We don't have enough cullers. But we hope to get more people in the next two days," said officials. At Birbhum, reports of chicken deaths kept ARD officials busy. Hundreds of birds couldn't be culled in the notified areas of Birbhum during the outbreak in January, the officials said.
        -
        Two days after bird flu returned to Murshidabad, culling started at Raghunathganj II and Murshidabad-Jiyaganj blocks of the district.

        ------

        Comment


        • #5
          Re: India - Bird Flu in POULTRY/ANIMALS Feb 5th +

          Bird flu in West Bengal
          March 11th, 2008 - 6:03 pm ICT by admin - Email This Post
          Metela (West Bengal) Mar 11 (ANI): Panic has gripped Metela, a remote village of Bhirbum District following the discovery of hundreds of dead poultry in a fresh outbreak of bird flu in the region.
          According to villagers, at least 700 chickens have died in the last four days.
          Sagar Bagdi, a villager said the entire village is panic stricken due to the widespread death of their poultry.
          ?The face of the chicken turns black and saliva comes out of their mouths and within 10 to 15 minutes we find them dead,? he added.
          The villagers also said that no officials have visited the area and they have not received any instructions so far.
          ?The way the virus has struck us, if the necessary precautions are not taken in time the whole village will be ruined,? said Shibananda Mondal, another villager.
          Health authorities in West Bengal have resumed culling operations on Monday and hope to slaughter about 50,000 poultry birds in Murshidabad District alone where the deadly H5N1 virus resurfaced again nearly a month after it was claimed that avian flu had been contained in the State.
          The virus has resurfaced in two blocks of Murshidabad District, prompting the authorities to resume culling operations.
          Samples collected from the Naya Mukundapur and Bodra Villages of the district have primarily tested H5N1 positive at the High Security Animal Disease Laboratory (HSADL) in Bhopal, West Bengal Animal Resources Department (ARD) Minister, Anisur Rehman said.
          Sixty teams began culling operations at Raghunathganj 11 and Muridabad-Jiyaganj blocks from where fresh chicken deaths were reported.
          The two areas witnessed the death of nearly 1,000 birds in the past ten days.
          Rahman had earlier said that the new cases might be due to villagers hiding ducks and chickens during the previous culling operation.
          On March 2, the UN agency Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) had warned the Government that the dreaded disease could resurface again and also asked that intensive surveillance in high-risk areas be maintained. (ANI)

          Comment


          • #6
            Re: India - Bird Flu in POULTRY/ANIMALS Feb 5th +

            Commentary

            Comment


            • #7
              Re: India - Bird Flu in POULTRY/ANIMALS Feb 5th +

              Commentary

              Likely H5N1 Spread in Birbhum West Bengal

              Recombinomics Commentary 12:40
              March 9, 2008

              Panic has gripped Metela, a remote village of Bhirbum District following the discovery of hundreds of dead poultry in a fresh outbreak of bird flu in the region.

              According to villagers, at least 700 chickens have died in the last four days.

              ?The face of the chicken turns black and saliva comes out of their mouths and within 10 to 15 minutes we find them dead,? he added.

              The villagers also said that no officials have visited the area and they have not received any instructions so far.

              ?The way the virus has struck us, if the necessary precautions are not taken in time the whole village will be ruined,? said Shibananda Mondal, another villager.

              The above comments provide further support for H5N1 in Birbhum, at a location distinct
              (see satelite maps here here here)from the culling of confirmed H5N1 in Murshidabad. The comments also support the control of confirmed H5N1 by simply limiting testing.

              Metela is one of three villages in Birbhum reporting excessive poultry deaths.


              .
              "The next major advancement in the health of American people will be determined by what the individual is willing to do for himself"-- John Knowles, Former President of the Rockefeller Foundation

              Comment


              • #8
                Re: India - Bird Flu in POULTRY/ANIMALS Feb 10th +

                Flu: Blood samples collected
                Statesman News Service
                MALDA, March 11: The animal resources development officials in Malda have started collecting blood samples of back yard poultry in Chanchal sub-division where Bird Flu virus was detected.
                The deputy director of the ARD Malda, Mr N K **** said that five km area from the epicentre was identified as the infected zone and the rest of the area within 10 km radius of the epicenter was considered as surveillance zone.
                ?According to the instruction from higher authorities we have started collection of blood samples of backyard poultry from today to assess the situation in and around the infected zone,? Mr **** said.
                ?The surveillance of the affected zone would continue for a few days,? he said.
                According to him, sporadic bird deaths have been reported from some villages including Kaligram village in Chanchal. The ARD team visited that area today and collected blood samples for analysis.
                ?The area is now under control and birds are safe,? said both Mr **** and the Chanchal SDO Mr Debasish Sarkar. It was reported that people sold off dead chicken at low price before the ARD team reached.

                Bienvenue sur The Statesman, votre blog généraliste préféré. Découvrez des articles variés sur l'actualité, la culture, les voyages, la technologie, la santé et bien plus encore.

                Comment


                • #9
                  Re: India - Bird Flu in POULTRY/ANIMALS Feb 10th +

                  AVIAN INFLUENZA (43): MULTICOUNTRY: CHINA, EGYPT, VIET NAM, LAOS,
                  BANGLADESH, INDIA
                  ************************************************** *******************
                  A ProMED-mail post
                  <http://www.promedmail.org>
                  ProMED-mail is a program of the
                  International Society for Infectious Diseases
                  <http://www.isid.org>

                  In this update:
                  [1] China
                  [2] Egypt: FAO
                  [3] Viet Nam: civet cats
                  [4] Laos
                  [5] Bangladesh (Brahmanbaria)
                  [6] India (West Bengal): route of infection

                  [1] China
                  Date: Mon 10 Mar 2008
                  Source: ChinaView, Xinhua News Agency report [edited]
                  <http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-03/10/content_7760279.htm>


                  The Ministry of Agriculture said Monday [10 Mar 2008] it has received
                  the reports of 12 bird flu cases this year [2008], warning a more
                  "complicated" epidemic control situation.

                  Of the 12 cases 3 have been confirmed, with 2 in Tibet Autonomous
                  Region and one in Guizhou Province, both in southwest China, said Li
                  Jinxiang, director of the ministry's veterinary department, on the
                  sidelines of the annual session of China's top legislature.

                  He said 3 factors shall be blamed for the outbreak of bird flu cases.
                  First, south China was hit by unprecedented snowstorm and cold snap
                  from the beginning of this year [2008], which made bird flu virus
                  active;
                  Secondly, snowstorm and cold snap affected regular immunization work,
                  as it was conducted usually in February and March;
                  Thirdly, snow and ice disaster harmed the living conditions of
                  livestock, bringing risks of epidemic spread.

                  The official said currently relevant government departments across
                  the country are actively launching spring epidemic control and
                  immunization work. The ministry has prepared 5 billion milliliters of
                  vaccine for immunization efforts.

                  Epidemic surveillance has also been strengthened to rule out hidden
                  dangers in time, he said.

                  --
                  Communicated by:
                  ProMED-mail Rapporteur Mary Marshall

                  [China's summarized information on HPAI (highly pathogenic avian
                  influenza) H5N1, from the immediate notification to OIE (World
                  Organisation for Animal Health) dated 20 Apr 2006 to the recent
                  follow-up report No. 11 of 25 Feb 2008, is available at
                  <http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/public.php?page=event_summary&this_country_code=CH N&reportid=4903>.
                  A map is included. - Mod.AS]

                  ******
                  [2] Egypt: FAO
                  Date: Tue 11 Mar 2008
                  Source: 29th FAO (UN Food & Agriculture Organisation) Regional
                  Conference for the Middle East, Cairo, 1-5 Mar 2008 [abridged, edited]
                  <ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/meeting/012/k1651e2.pdf>


                  Highly pathogenic avian influenza - Egypt
                  -----------------------------------------
                  After the 1st outbreak of HPAI H5N1 in Egypt in Feb 2006, the
                  government adopted several mechanisms to limit the spread and control
                  the disease as well as the risk of human infections. In the control
                  process, an estimated 30 million birds were culled and, more
                  recently, there has been widespread free vaccination of private
                  sector commercial flocks and backyard poultry. As of [11 March 2008,
                  there had been 46 human cases, 20 of them fatal. - Mod.AS] The rapid
                  spread of the disease in Egypt has been related to the development of
                  poultry product supply chains that move millions of birds per day
                  with low levels of biosecurity. More recent outbreaks would appear to
                  be related to the mixture of ducks and chickens in the rooftop and
                  backyard systems and their close proximity to industrial poultry
                  units. Ducks play a critical role in the maintenance of HPAI H5N1,
                  and current strengthening of surveillance systems and epidemiological
                  analysis should allow the development of improved containment
                  strategies.

                  For this report, HPAI is viewed in terms of market shock and threat
                  to livelihoods. While the significant costs in terms of HPAI control
                  and some loss of international trade are recognized, space and time
                  do not allow for these to be covered in detail.

                  The importance of poultry within Egyptian households is unique.
                  Addressing the impacts avian influenza has had on these households,
                  in particular the poor and vulnerable families, with actions to
                  support the affected households is a challenge not just for poultry
                  health specialists and development specialists but also for national
                  and local government institutions that need to assess these actions
                  in light of efforts to reach the Millennium Development Goals.

                  Significant market shocks to commercial and backyard poultry
                  operations in Egypt have followed the same sequential pattern in
                  other countries dealing with HPAI
                  - during and immediately after an outbreak, demand falters, prices
                  drop, supplies decline as producers reduce output (birds are culled,
                  mortality rates increase, or producers respond to reduced consumption
                  and lower prices), and industry returns decline; and
                  - markets subsequently recover but the ability of producers to
                  re-enter the market in a timely fashion may be compromised by various
                  factors with implications for the long-term structure of the sector.

                  The food management chains of the industrial chicken sub-sector
                  (broilers and layers with associated breeding stock which account for
                  80 percent of the chicken population) have weak contractual
                  arrangements, poor infrastructure investment, and limited investment
                  in food processing, marketing, and retailing. It is possible that
                  this is hampering Egypt's ability to control HPAI and also to compete
                  in international markets, but this requires further study and
                  analysis to reach definitive conclusions.

                  --
                  Communicated by:
                  ProMED-mail Rapporteur Mary Marshall

                  [The above is a summary of this interesting report, which analyses
                  the socio-economic background and consequences of the Egyptian
                  epizootic. For the full report (12 pages), particularly conclusions,
                  see <ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/meeting/012/k1651e2.pdf>. - Mod.AS]

                  ******
                  [3] Viet Nam: civet cats
                  Date: Tue 11 Mar 2008
                  Source: ChinaView, Xinhua News Agency report [edited]
                  <http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-03/11/content_7765038.htm>


                  Specimens from 4 Owston's palm civets in Viet Nam's Cuc Phuong
                  National Park, which died in February [2008], have been tested
                  positive to bird flu virus strain H5N1, local newspaper Pioneer
                  reported Tuesday [11 Mar 2008].

                  According to tests by Viet Nam's Central Veterinary Diagnosis Center,
                  the 4 civets were infected with H5N1. Specimens from a civet in the
                  national park in northern Ninh Binh province, which died on 2 Mar
                  2007, have been tested negative to the virus.

                  The park's staff named Tran Quang Phuong said that after the deaths
                  of 5 Owston's palm civets in late February and early March [2008],
                  there are now 8 civets in the park.

                  In June 2005 when bird flu was hard hitting Viet Nam, 3 Owston's palm
                  civets in the national park died. According to tests by a laboratory
                  in China's Hong Kong, they were infected with H5N1 [see ProMED-mail
                  posting 20050826.2527].

                  It has remained unknown why the civets have been infected with the
                  disease, the newspaper said.

                  Viet Nam's Department of Animal Health on 10 Mar 2008 said the
                  country currently has 9 localities having poultry being hit by bird
                  flu: Quang Ninh, Hai Duong, Nam Dinh, Tuyen Quang, Ninh Binh, Phu
                  Tho, Ha Nam, and Hanoi in the northern region, and southern Vinh Long
                  province

                  Bird flu outbreaks in Viet Nam, starting in December 2003, have
                  killed and led to the forced culling of dozens of millions of fowls
                  in the country.

                  --
                  Communicated by:
                  ProMED-mail Rapporteur Mary Marshall

                  [The provinces affected may be located on the map at
                  <http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f0/VietnameseProvincesMap.png>.

                  The updated tabled list, published by the National Wildlife Health
                  Center, United States Geological Survey (USGS), of animals
                  (predominantly avian) found so far infected by the H5N1 virus,
                  includes the following mammal species in addition to the palm civets:
                  domestic cat/feral cat (_Felis domestica_), cynomolgus macaques
                  (_Macaca fascicularis_), stone (beech) marten (_Martes foina_),
                  ferret (_Oryctolagus cuniculus_), New Zealand white rabbit (_Mustela
                  putorius furo_), leopard (_Panthera pardus_), tiger (_Panthera
                  tigris_), rat(_Rattus norvegicus_), and pigs (_Sus domesticus_).

                  Readers are referred to the paper by S. I. Roberton et al , "Avian
                  influenza H5N1 in viverrids: implications for wildlife health and
                  conservation". Proc. R. Soc. B (2006) 273, 1729-1732, Published
                  online 18 April 2006. Available online (free) at
                  <http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/picrender.fcgi?artid=1634780&blobtype=pdf>.

                  For further information, subscribers are referred to the moderators'
                  commentaries in ProMED-mail posting 20050826.2527. - Mod.AS]

                  [Palm civets in China are highly susceptible to another respiratory
                  virus, SARS -- see ProMED post 20041020.2842 SARS - worldwide - China
                  (32): civet cat ban.

                  For an image of Owston's banded palm civet (_Chrotogale owstoni_) see:
                  <http://www.terrambiente.org/fauna/Mammiferi/carnivora/viverridae/images/chrotogale_owstoni.jpg>
                  -Mod.JW]


                  ******
                  [4] Laos
                  Date: Mon 10 Mar 2008
                  Source: Vientiane Times [edited]
                  <http://www.vientianetimes.org.la/FreeContent/FreeContent_Luang.htm>


                  The Luang Namtha provincial governor has announced a total ban on the
                  sale of poultry in the province, as well as prohibiting the purchase
                  of poultry from neighbouring countries for the next 30-45 days,
                  following 4 separate outbreaks of bird flu.

                  "If the provincial authorities do not detect the H5N1 virus during
                  this period they will lift the ban," the deputy head of the
                  provincial Livestock and Fisheries Office, Ms Bouathong Inthongsay,
                  told Vientiane Times last week [3-9 Mar 2008].

                  She said that each section of the provincial Committee for Bird Flu
                  Control had allocated staff to monitor the situation and take extra
                  precautions in outbreak areas. They would set up checkpoints between
                  villages to make sure there was no trade or movement of poultry
                  either within the province or with other provinces.

                  The governor also announced the setting up of checkpoints on
                  international borders, to maintain strict control, said Ms Bouathong.

                  Following the outbreaks in 3 districts, the neighbouring provinces of
                  Oudomxay, Phongsaly, and Bokeo are now vulnerable to infection.

                  Luang Namtha's highest risk district is considered to be
                  Viengphoukha, as this surrounds the only road leading from the
                  outbreak areas to the provincial capital and other provinces, she
                  said. The committee has organised staff to disinfect all vehicles
                  using this road.

                  The provincial Public Health Department is distributing information
                  to local communities about the bird flu virus, such as how it is
                  transmitted, the risks it poses for animals and humans, and how
                  people can prevent it spreading.

                  No humans have yet to contract the virus because most local residents
                  understand the dangers and have cooperated with the authorities, said
                  a departmental official, Mr Aae Mithda.

                  He said that 2 people had reported flu-like symptoms in Namlue
                  village, the site of the 4th outbreak. They were undergoing tests but
                  the results were not yet known. It was possible their illness might
                  be just a common cold, although they had been in contact with poultry.

                  National and international organisations were helping with the
                  prevention of further outbreaks in the province and recently the
                  Chinese government had provided some equipment and disinfectant, he
                  added.

                  Other northern provinces are also taking precautions in the wake of
                  the outbreaks, checking illegal sales of poultry in markets and
                  shops, according to a report from local authorities.

                  Last month 700-800 poultry died in Hatdaen village in Khua district,
                  Phongsaly province. However, tests had proved they were not infected
                  with the H5N1 virus, said the deputy head of the provincial Livestock
                  and Fisheries Office, Ms Somnith Keoboun-ngeun. She believes the
                  chicken died from diseases resulting from the cold weather, as this
                  area has never experienced bird flu in the past.

                  [Byline: Khamphone Syvongxay]

                  --
                  Communicated by:
                  ProMED-mail Rapporteur Mary Marshall

                  [Laos submitted to OIE its immediate notification on the outbreak on
                  14 Feb 2008; see, with map, at
                  <http://www.oie.int/wahid-prod/public.php?page=single_report&pop=1&reportid=6798>.
                  The disease seems to be spreading; a follow-up report is anticipated.
                  - Mod.AS]

                  ******
                  [5] Bangladesh (Brahmanbaria)
                  Date: Sun 9 Mar 2008
                  Source: Reuters India [edited]
                  <http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-32382820080309>


                  Bird flu has spread to another district in Bangladesh despite massive
                  culling by authorities to control the outbreak, officials said on
                  Sunday [9 Mar 2008], bringing the number of affected districts to 47
                  out of 64.

                  The new case of the avian influenza was found in Brahmanbaria, in the
                  east of the capital Dhaka, livestock officials said. They added that
                  the spread of bird flu had slowed in the previously affected areas in
                  recent weeks.

                  Nearly 1.25 million birds have been culled since the virus was first
                  detected in March 2007, threatening the impoverished country's
                  growing poultry sector.

                  Industry officials said bird flu had caused losses of about 45
                  billion taka (USD 650 million) to the poultry sector, which accounts
                  for 1.6 percent of gross domestic product.

                  Around 5 million of the country's more than 140 million people are
                  directly or indirectly involved in poultry farming, of whom officials
                  estimate more than 1.5 million have now become jobless.

                  No human bird flu cases have been reported in Bangladesh, a densely
                  populated nation where poultry is commonly kept by households.

                  Experts fear the H5N1 strain could mutate or combine with the highly
                  contagious seasonal influenza virus and spark a pandemic, especially
                  in countries such as Bangladesh where people live in close proximity
                  to backyard poultry.

                  Eating well-cooked meat is safe but experts have warned about
                  handling H5N1-tainted birds or meat without protection. Humans
                  usually contract the virus only after close contact with infected
                  birds.

                  --
                  Communicated by:
                  ProMED-mail Rapporteur Mary Marshall

                  ******
                  [6] India (West Bengal): route of infection
                  Date: Tue 11 Mar 2008
                  Source: The Times of India [edited]
                  <http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Smuggled_chicken_to_blame_for_return_of_bird_flu/articleshow/2853399.cms>


                  Smuggling of poultry for trade, from bird flu free districts of West
                  Bengal into the affected districts, may have caused the highly
                  pathogenic H5N1 virus to resurface in West Bengal.

                  According to the avian influenza control and containment protocol, no
                  "repopulation" of poultry is allowed in an infected district at least
                  3 months from the time culling teams complete disinfection operations.

                  However, reports officially sent to the Centre almost 2 weeks ago by
                  teams travelling across West Bengal had clearly documented how
                  poultry was being sold in local villages of Birbhum and Murshidabad,
                  which were the 1st 2 districts to be infected by the virus in January
                  [2008].

                  The reports were then forwarded to state government officials, who
                  were asked to immediately curb such practices until the virus was
                  completely destroyed. But on Friday night [7 Mar 2008], the Centre's
                  worst fears were confirmed -- the virus had returned to haunt West
                  Bengal.

                  Animal husbandry secretary Pradeep Kumar said, "Central teams had
                  confirmed incidents of villagers selling poultry within infected
                  districts even when repopulation of poultry within 3 months from
                  completion of containment and cleaning up operations is strictly
                  prohibited."

                  TOI [Times of India] was the first to confirm the reappearance of the
                  virus in Raghunathganj-II and Jiaganj blocks of Murshidabad. The 2
                  areas witnessed death of nearly 1000 birds in the past 10 days. Kumar
                  confirmed to TOI, "2 samples from these blocks sent to HSADL [High
                  Security Animal Disease Laboratory], Bhopal, on 6 Mar 2008, tested
                  positive. We notified the West Bengal government on Saturday [8 Mar
                  2008]."

                  Animal husbandry commissioner Dr S K Bandhopadhyay said, "We don't
                  know whether this is a fresh outbreak or whether the virus was being
                  carried there all along by ducks. However, surveillance teams had
                  informed the state government that repopulation and trade was
                  occurring in districts like Birbhum, Murshidabad, and Burdwan."

                  According to officials, even if trade and smuggling of birds were
                  taking place clandestinely, it was the state government's highest
                  priority to bring an end to the practice because restriction on
                  movement of poultry from and inside bird flu affected areas was
                  banned.

                  Bandhopadhyay added, "Backyard poultry droppings always remain in the
                  environment for some time. The moment we repopulate before the virus
                  is stamped out completely, scavenger birds pick on the droppings. If
                  these contain the virus, the new lot of birds then get infected."

                  Meanwhile, the state government started fresh culling operations in a
                  radius of 5 km (3 mi) around the 2 new areas of infection. While 22
                  440 birds are to be culled in Raghunathganj-II, the culling target in
                  Jiaganj is 27 000. Twenty rapid response teams (RRTs) have been
                  deployed in each of the 2 blocks. Since the outbreak of bird flu in
                  Bengal was notified on 15 Jan 2008, over [4 million] birds have been
                  culled and [1.4 million] eggs destroyed.

                  Bandhopadhyay said, "We expect the culling to be over in 4 days time.
                  The sooner we start surveillance, the better."

                  --
                  Communicated by:
                  ProMED-mail Rapporteur Mary Marshall

                  [According to a previous report (see ProMED-mail posting
                  20080309.0967), the minister of animal resource development, Anisur
                  Rahman, said on 8 Mar 2008: "We didn't carry out culling operations
                  in 2 freshly affected blocks of Murshidabad in January [2008] when
                  bird flu first hit Bengal. We shall begin culling there in full swing
                  from Monday [10 Mar 2008]." Though illegal transport of animals and
                  their products is a major route of disease dissemination, in this
                  case -- provided the information above is accurate -- no smuggling
                  from other regions was needed to revive the epizootic. Hopefully, the
                  performance of the control measures has been improving since. - Mod.AS

                  West Bengal can be located on the HealthMap/ProMED-mail interactive
                  map of India at
                  <http://healthmap.org/promed?v=22.9,79.6,5>
                  A map showing the districts of West Bengal is available at
                  <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:WestBengalDistricts_numbered.svg>.
                  - CopyEd.MJ]

                  [see also:
                  Avian influenza, human (35) Egypt 20080308.0955
                  Avian influenza (41): Viet Nam, China (Hong Kong) 20080308.0951
                  Avian influenza, human (34): Egypt, WHO 20080306.0914
                  Avian influenza (38): China (Guizhou), Pakistan 20080227.0801
                  Avian influenza, human (31): China, Egypt, Viet Nam, WHO 20080226.0784
                  Avian influenza, human (29): China, Indonesia, Viet Nam, WHO 20080221.0710
                  Avian influenza (37): China (Tibet), UK (England) 20080220.0694
                  Avian influenza, human (28): China (Hunan) 20080218.0656
                  Avian influenza (42): India (West Bengal) 20080309.0967
                  Avian influenza (34): China (Hong Kong), Laos 20080213.0574
                  2007
                  ----
                  Avian influenza, human (53): Indonesia, Laos, WHO 20070316.0928
                  Avian influenza, human (48): Laos, WHO 20070308.0823
                  2005
                  ----
                  Avian influenza - Asia (12): Viet Nam, civets, H5N1 20050826.2527]
                  ...................................arn/mj/lm

                  Comment


                  • #10
                    Re: India - Bird Flu in POULTRY/ANIMALS Feb 10th +

                    Indo-Asian News Service

                    New Delhi, March 12, 2008
                    First Published: 15:59 IST(12/3/2008)
                    Last Updated: 16:14 IST(12/3/2008)



                    Government alerts states bordering West Bengal on bird flu


                    The central government Wednesday alerted states neighbouring West Bengal, where a fresh outbreak of bird flu has left over 190 birds dead over the past nine days.
                    Tests at the Bhopal's High Security Animal Disease Laboratory (HSADL) found the presence of bird flu virus in samples from Nayamukundapur in Raghunathgunj block II and Dohapara village in Murshidabad-Jiagunj block of the Murshidabad district, following which the central government alerted adjoining states of Bihar, Orissa, Manipur and Jharkhand.
                    The Department of Animal Husbandry, after notifying the fresh poultry deaths, said about 90 broiler chicken died in Budhra Village of Jiaganj block on March 5, while 100 birds in backyard poultry in Nayamukundpur village in Raghunathganj-II block were killed due to the H5N1 virus.
                    Both centres are just a few kilometres from the place where avian influenza was reported last month.
                    After the fresh outbreak, West Bengal has already resumed culling operations in Murshidabad district where the deadly H5N1 virus resurfaced nearly a month after the government claimed avian flu had been contained in the state.
                    According to state government officials, about four million birds were culled by mid-February since the bird flu outbreak was confirmed on January 15.
                    In February, the authorities hoped that India's worst bird flu crisis was over. The ban on sale and consumption of poultry products was also lifted from 13 of West Bengal's 19 districts where the bird flu had raged.
                    The state government had then allayed fears of human infection, after the blood samples of the 19 people sent for testing were found negative.
                    Officials in New Delhi said the Joint Monitoring Group, formed to keep the tab on the situation and headed by Director General of Health Services RK Srivastva, has conducted their review.
                    The department has also started human surveillance, which started on Tuesday, in Jiaganj as a few cases of fever have surfaced. In Raghunathganj-II human surveillance began on Wednesday.
                    In the hospital already 24 people have been admitted, and five more cases were detected. But animal husbandry department officials said none of them have exposure history to infected poultry.
                    About 19 villages in a radius of 0-3 km having a population of 19,849 were being monitored, officers said.
                    Around 104 animal husbandry workers are involved in culling activities and have been medically examined. They are taking chemoprophylaxis to combat the virus. Also, 623 health personnel are involved in surveillance activities.
                    Two central Rapid Response Teams have been deputed to the affected areas to supervise the containment operations.
                    This is the fifth bird flu outbreak in India since 2006.



                    http://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/Print.aspx?Id=49fbfe80-1b1e-4433-81d3-1f9a9f7b41d7

                    Comment


                    • #11
                      Re: India - Bird Flu in POULTRY/ANIMALS Feb 10th +

                      <table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="85&#37;"><tbody><tr bgcolor="#eff0ef"><td colspan="2" align="right" valign="top">
                      SITUATIONAL REPORT AS ON 11-3-2008 – NO HUMANS AFFECTED <hr></td></tr><tr bgcolor="#eff0ef"><td style="text-align: left;" height="30" valign="top" width="103"></td><td style="text-align: right;" height="30" valign="top" width="347">11:31 IST </td></tr></tbody></table><table align="center" width="90%"><tbody><tr><td class="rel" style="text-align: justify;">Department of Animal Husbandry has notified fresh poultry deaths in Jiaganj and Raghunathganj-II blocks of Murshidabad district of West Bengal on <st1>: DATE Year="2008" Day="9" Month="3">9<sup>th</sup> March, 2008</st1>. DATE> which has been confirmed as H5 infection. <o:p></o:p>
                      &#183; About 90 birds [broiler chicken] died in Budhra Village of Jiaganj block on: D<st1>ATE Year="2008" Day="5" Month="3">5<sup>th</sup> March, 2008</st1>; DATE>. The present epicenter is about 50 Km from the nearest epicenter in Navagram block of Murshidabad. About 100 birds in backyard poultry in Nayamukundpur village in Raghunathganj-II block died on <st1>: DATE Year="2008" Day="5" Month="3">5<sup>th</sup> March, 2008</st1> : DATE> and the samples have tested positive for H5. Naya Mukundpur is about 10-12 Km from Luxmizola which is the nearest epicenter of the last outbreak. <o:p></o:p>
                      &#183; The State Government has been requested to institute the containment operations as per the contingency plan. <o:p></o:p>
                      &#183; Other States bordering <st1:place>West Bengal</st1:place> have been alerted. <o:p></o:p>
                      &#183; The Joint Monitoring Group under the Chairmanship of Director General of Health Services reviewed the situation.<o:p></o:p>
                      &#183; Active event based human surveillance started yesterday in Jiaganj. There are 19 villages in 0-3 Km. A population of 19849 has been put under active surveillance. Five cases of fever/ URI have been detected. In the hospital 24 fever/URI cases have reported of which one has been admitted. None of them have exposure history to infected poultry. 104 Animal Husbandry workers involved in culling activities have been medically examined and are under chemoprophylaxis. 623 health personnel are involved in surveillance activities. <o:p></o:p>
                      &#183; The active surveillance in Raghunathganj-II has started today. <o:p></o:p>
                      &#183; Two central Rapid Response Teams are being deputed to the affected areas to supervise the containment operations. <o:p></o:p>
                      The situation is being monitored. Facts may please be verified before putting out news reports in the media. Daily status reports are being web hoisted and could be accessed at www.mohfw.nic.in.<o:p></o:p>
                      KR/SK/Avian Influenza - 256<o:p></o:p>
                      </td></tr></tbody></table>

                      Comment


                      • #12
                        Re: India - Bird Flu in POULTRY/ANIMALS Feb 10th +

                        <TABLE class=TableClas cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0><TBODY><TR><TD class=heading>Culling won`t work</TD></TR><TR><TD height=11></TD></TR><TR><TD class=author>Business Standard / New Delhi March 13, 2008</TD></TR><TR><TD height=4></TD></TR><TR><TD style="BACKGROUND-IMAGE: url(/images/common/gn_005.gif); BACKGROUND-REPEAT: repeat-x"></TD></TR><TR><TD height=9></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><TABLE class=TableClas cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0><TBODY><TR><TD>The resurgence of the dreaded bird flu in West Bengal, barely a month after the state government claimed to have controlled it, is not at all a surprise, considering the ham-handed manner in which the culling and other disease-containment measures were handled when it first struck in January. The fear that thousands of potentially dangerous birds, carrying a latent infection of the highly contagious H5N1 avian influenza virus, had remained left out of the culling drive, has now come true. Indeed, the infection may have travelled to new and even distant places, as the necessary post-outbreak bio-safety curbs and movement restrictions have not been observed. Under the circumstances, fresh eruptions of the disease can be expected at any time and from anywhere in and around West Bengal and even further afield. The likely presence of infection carriers among wild and backyard birds, where they also come in contact with other animals and people, multiplies the risk of the virus mutating into a form transmittable to humans. </TD></TR><TR><TD height=5> </TD></TR><TR><TD>It is shocking, therefore, that the state government has learnt no lessons from the previous fiasco and has again resorted to culling operations in the Raghunathganj-II and Jiaganj blocks of the Murshidabad district, as the chief disease control measure. What seems to have not been realised by it ? and even by the Centre ? is that the game plan that failed last time is unlikely to succeed this time for several obvious, yet overlooked, reasons. For one, the failure of the earlier culling drive was the result chiefly of lack of prompt and adequate compensation, which prompted people to hide their birds. And ducks, which can carry the infection for a longer period without displaying its symptoms, usually dwell in ponds and, therefore, tend to escape the attention of culling teams. Nothing has changed this time to instill confidence in the success of the bird flu control and containment drive. In any case, the fact that the infection is not among caged birds, which are easy to tackle, but is in free-range and wild birds, makes it virtually impossible to achieve 100 per cent results when it comes to destroying the birds. </TD></TR><TR><TD height=5> </TD></TR><TR><TD>The correct solution lies in preventive and curative vaccination to control the spread of the virus. This approach, strongly commended by poultry experts, offers a cost-effective option to deal with the situation without having to pay any compensation. This approach has the additional advantage that people, instead of hiding their birds, would willingly offer them for vaccination in order to save them from the disease. Of course, vaccination will require a repeat dose and regular monitoring, but these would be cheaper and easier to carry out than the destruction and safe disposal of all birds. Also needed is zoning of the country into disease-affected and disease-free regions, so that in the case of a localised infection, the entire poultry sector does not suffer. Under such an arrangement, poultry production, consumption, trade and export would remain undisrupted in the disease-free zones. Both the Centre and West Bengal should re-visit the bird flu strategy and replace it with an effective and practical approach, so as to keep this menace at bay.


                        </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>

                        Comment


                        • #13
                          Re: India - Bird Flu in POULTRY/ANIMALS Feb 10th +

                          Fresh chicken deaths reported in Malda district

                          Friday March 14 2008
                          PTI

                          MALDA: At least 45 chicken have died at a poultry farm in a village in Malda district, raising fears of resurgence of the deadly H5N1 virus in West Bengal.

                          The fresh deaths in Malda come close on the heels of bird flu in Murshidabad district.


                          The chicken died at Kaligram village, 68 km from Malda district headquarters, in the Chancal sub-division last Tuesday, Sub Divisional Police Officer, Debasis Sarkar, said here today.

                          Sarkar said the animal resources department of the state government had collected blood samples and sent them to Belgachia in Kolkata for testing.

                          "Though the deaths looked like normal deaths and not caused by bird-flu, we are waiting for the test results," he said.

                          Chicken deaths had been reported from Raghunathganj block in Murshidabad district on March 9, after which samples of dead chicken were sent to the High Security Animal Diseases Laboratory in Bhopal and they had tested positive.

                          The chicken deaths in the two places have raised fears of resurgence of the disease after the governemnt had ended culling operations and lifted the ban on the sale of poultry.

                          Culling operations had been ordered from mid-January after 16 of the state's 19 districts were found to have been affected by deadly avian influenza and a ban had been imposed on the sale and consumption of chicken and poultry products for three months.

                          Comment


                          • #14
                            Re: India - Bird Flu in POULTRY/ANIMALS Feb 10th +

                            Chicken deaths

                            MALDA, March 14: A large number of chickens have died in a state run poultry farm in English Bazaar town since Wednesday.

                            Observing the symptoms, animal resources development officials suspect the birds were attacked by bird flu.

                            The ARD officials have collected eight blood samples from the dead and ailing birds and sent those for laboratory tests at Belgachia, Kolkata.

                            The deputy director Malda ARD Mr N K **** today informed the Karmadhyakshya Mr Soumitra Roy that more than 300 birds died in the farm till date. But according to unofficial sources, about 500 chickens have died in the farm since yesterday.

                            Bienvenue sur The Statesman, votre blog généraliste préféré. Découvrez des articles variés sur l'actualité, la culture, les voyages, la technologie, la santé et bien plus encore.

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                            • #15
                              Re: India - Bird Flu in POULTRY/ANIMALS Feb 10th +

                              <table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="100%"><tbody><tr><td class="articleheader">Pet pigeons in bird flu scare
                              </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="articleauthor">OUR CORRESPONDENT</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="story" align="left"> <table align="left" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" width="172"> <tbody><tr> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="articleauthor" align="left"> The culled pigeons being buried. Picture by Main Uddin Chisti </td> </tr> </tbody></table>
                              Cooch Behar, March 16: A pigeon lover in Dinhata lost 30 birds from his collection of over 200 in the past two days, sending officials of the animal resources development (ARD) department scurrying to his residence at Kharija-Baniadaha to collect samples.
                              ?We have culled the rest of the pigeons and burnt the boxes in which they used to spend the nights. It is surprising that such a large number of birds could still exist in the bird flu-affected zone after last January?s culling across Bengal,? said Tapan Kumar Roy, the deputy director of the ARD in Cooch Behar district.
                              Roy added that he had personally visited the house and collected samples that will be sent for bird flu tests.
                              The owner of the pigeons, Kanai Chandra Sen, said the birds started to die yesterday. ?They had convulsions and died. I lost 30 pigeons in two days,? he said.
                              Sen said he had bought a pair of pigeons 12 years ago and the flock had swelled to nearly 250 birds. He had made special shed to keep his pigeons.
                              ?I am feeling absolutely shattered after all the birds were killed and buried and the shed burnt down,? said Sen, who has been refusing to eat since the culling.
                              It was in mid-January that thousands of poultry birds had died in the nearby Gitaldaha area of Dinhata. Tests had proved that they had died after being affected by the H5N1 or bird flu virus.
                              Roy said he could not fathom how such a large number of birds in one single collection escaped the mass culling that took place in the affected area.
                              ?The culling was officially declared over on February 21, but some people had hidden their birds. We are now trying to find collections of birds that had been kept as pets,? the ARD official said.
                              </td></tr></tbody></table>

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