China - treatment and symptoms of H7N9 as at 5 March'13

[kiwibird]

Machine translation;

H7N9 avian influenza pathogenesis and prevention measures
Post time :2013-04-05 12:23 Source: Health Editor: Yang Kun
......Human infection with the H7N9 avian flu prevention and control program
BEIJING, April 3 National Health and Family Planning Commission has announced on its official website of human infection with H7N9 avian flu.....according to the findings of the incubation period for influenza and the existing H7N9 avian influenza virus infection, the incubation period is generally within 7 days....
First, the etiology
The avian influenza virus, sticks to the case of the influenza A virus of the virus family. Avian influenza virus particles were pleomorphic, spherical diameter 80 to 120 nm, there is enveloped. The genome is a single strand segmented negative-strand RNA. Type based on its outer membrane hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N) protein antigens, can be divided into 16 H subtypes (H1 to H16) and 9 N subtypes (N1-N9). Avian influenza virus infected poultry, can also infect humans, pigs, horses, mink and marine mammals. Can be infected with the avian influenza virus subtype H5N1, H9N2, H7N7, H7N2, H7N3, the reports of human infection of H7N9 avian influenza virus. The virus is new reassortant virus, its internal genes from the H9N2 avian influenza virus.
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(A) the general performance.
Patients generally present flu-like symptoms, such as fever, cough with little phlegm, may be associated with headache, muscle aches, and general malaise. Patients with severe progression of the disease, manifested as severe pneumonia, mostly sustained in body temperature above 39 ℃, difficulty in breathing, may be associated with hemoptysis sputum; rapidly progressive acute respiratory distress syndrome, mediastinal emphysema, sepsis, shock, awareness disorders and acute kidney injury.
(B) laboratory tests.
1 blood. The total number of white blood cells is generally not high or lower. Patients with severe multi leukocytes and lymphocytes decreased, and low platelet count.
2 blood biochemical examination. Multi-creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, elevated C-reactive protein, myoglobin can be increased.
3 pathogen detection.
(1) nucleic acid detection. Patients with respiratory specimens (eg nasopharyngeal secretions, mouth gargle, tracheal aspirate material or airway epithelial cells) using real time PCR (or RT-PCR) detected the H7N9 avian influenza virus nucleic acid.....
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(C) chest radiograph. The lungs of patients with pneumonia sheet image. Patients with severe disease progressed rapidly, showed multiple lung ground glass opacities and pulmonary consolidation images can be combined with a small amount of pleural effusion. ARDS occurs, the lesions are widely distributed.
(D) the prognosis. Human infection with the H7N9 avian influenza in patients with severe poor prognosis. Prognostic factors may include the patient's age, underlying diseases, complications.
Fourth, diagnosis and differential diagnosis
(A) diagnosis. Epidemiological contact history, clinical manifestations and laboratory test results, may make the diagnosis of human infection of H7N9 avian influenza. In the case of the epidemiological history is unknown, based on clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations and laboratory test results, especially from patients with respiratory secretion samples isolated H7N9 avian influenza virus, or H7N9 avian influenza virus nucleic acid testing positive, can be diagnosed.

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Diagnostic criteria.
(1) suspected cases: in line with the clinical symptoms and blood, biochemical and chest imaging characteristics of influenza A viruses the universal primers positive side-by-side in addition to seasonal flu can have epidemiological contact history.
(2) confirmed cases: in line with suspected cases of diagnostic criteria, and respiratory secretion samples isolated H7N9 avian influenza virus or the H7N9 avian influenza virus nucleic acid testing positive.
Severe cases: pneumonia with respiratory failure or other organ failure in severe cases.
(B) the differential diagnosis. Should be noted that the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza, seasonal influenza (including influenza A H1N1 influenza), bacterial pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), a new coronavirus pneumonia, adenovirus pneumonia, chlamydia pneumonia, mycoplasma pneumonia and other diseases in the differential diagnosis. The differential diagnosis mainly rely on pathogenic examination.
V. Treatment
(A) clinical diagnosis and diagnosis of patients should be treated in isolation.
(B) symptomatic treatment. Available oxygen, the application of antipyretic drugs, cough expectorant drugs.
(C) antiviral therapy. Antiviral drugs for influenza should be applied as soon as possible.
1 neuraminidase inhibitors: the choice of oseltamivir Wei (Oseltamivir) or zanamivir (zanamivir), the clinical application showed that the avian influenza virus H5N1 and H1N1 infection, suggesting that people infected with the H7N9 avian influenza virus effective. Adult dose of oseltamivir 75mg twice daily, severe dose may be doubled, the course of 5-7 days. Zanamivir adult dose of 10 mg twice daily inhalation.
2. Ion channel M2 blockers: laboratory data suggest of Amantadine Amantadine and rimantadine (Rimantadine) resistance is not recommended to be used alone.

(4) Chinese medicine treatment.
1 pestilential Fanfei the lung failure declared down
Symptoms: fever, cough, scanty sputum, headache, muscle and joint pain.
Governing law: heat Xuanfei
Reference prescription:
The mulberry leaves Honeysuckle Forsythia fried almonds the gypsum Anemarrhena reed rhizome Artemisia annua skullcap raw licorice
Decoction, daily 1-2 agent orally once every 4-6 hours.
Modified: cough worse plus loquat, Fritillaria.
Medicine: optional Shufeng detoxification capsules, capsules Lianhuaqingwen, Qing Kai Ling Injection.
( health )



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[kiwibird]

Re: China - treatment and symptoms of H7N9 as at 5 March'13

Prevention advice - machine translated

Note: Wash your hands with soap or hand sanitizer and wash your hands ... raw fruits should be washed and disinfected; .... .Good indoor and outdoor sanitation, garbage removal, elimination of flies, mosquitoes, rats, cockroaches likely to spread disease vectors. Disinfection and hygiene of the pet home, when they go out as much as possible to reduce livestock unnecessary contact. To regular medical institutions for medical treatment as soon as possible in the event of a related symptoms, such as fever and other flu-like symptoms should be as soon as possible to the hospital with Tamiflu and other drugs fever clinic, so that early diagnosis, early treatment to avoid delaying the best timing of treatment. Timely isolated from patients with suspected contact with the patient should be closely observed their own health; patients at home or on the road should wear a mask to avoid infecting others. ..

Source: http://translate.google.com/translat.../823857_0.html

[kiwibird]

Re: China - treatment and symptoms of H7N9 as at 5 March'13

Machine traslation -


Original title: Zhong Nanshan : within 5 days of the onset of Tamiflu effect significant

The provincial government held an emergency prevention and control expert group meeting, Duffy will be included in health insurance

Express News correspondent Chen Yang correspondent Guangdong Wilson reported yesterday, the Guangdong provincial government held an emergency second working meeting of the province's human infection of H7N9 avian influenza prevention and control of the Group of Experts. Zhong Nanshan said that the use of Tamiflu and other neuraminidase inhibitors can significantly reduce severe onset within 5 days. To this end, the government decided to Tamiflu and other neuraminidase inhibitors included in the health insurance directory and the province Essential Drugs List.

The early use of antiviral drugs is the key

......
"The current clinical studies have shown that the incidence within 5 days of Tamiflu and other neuraminidase inhibitors will significantly reduce the probability into severe, early diagnosis and early treatment, early use of antiviral drugs to reduce cases of severe disease and reduce mortality the key. "Zhong Nanshan is recommended in patients with influenza, especially in patients with a history of contact with poultry early use of Tamiflu and other neuraminidase inhibitors. During the SARS epidemic, Zhong Nanshan, found that patients with severe rational use of hormone can significantly improve survival and reduce secondary infection; early use of corticosteroids for H1N1 patients with a stream does not improve the prognosis, but increased the risk of superinfection. For patients with H7N9, said Zhong Nanshan, they will not recommend the use of corticosteroids.
.....cont...

Source: http://translate.google.com/translat...878837_0.shtml

[kiwibird]

Re: China - treatment and symptoms of H7N9 as at 5 March'13

Further traditional Chinese treatment options - Machine translated

Source: http://translate.google.com/translat...26744404.shtml

Experts suggest that treatment as soon as possible in accordance with the heat, detoxification, dampness, rousing intervention in the early cold symptoms, you can take medicine under the guidance of a doctor. ....

Susceptible populations have mild upper respiratory tract infection symptoms or discomfort may also be appropriate application of medicated. Fresh Houttuynia 30-60 grams, garlic vinegar salad; the fresh Patrinia 30-60 grams, boiled garlic vinegar salad or dipping sauce; red bean, mung bean soup to take the right amount; aromatic after drugs rugosa, herb, white Kou-jen, basil crushed sachet made on the side, to prevent colds; available honeysuckle, forsythia, Bupleurum, Scutellaria, wind, Folium, Radix Chinese traditional medicines, made of water decoction, one a day, and even served 3-5 days.

(Original title: development of human infection with the H7N9 avian influenza prevention and treatment programs in medicine)