New York - USDA reports H5 found in duck in live bird market - tests pending to detemine N gene

[Giuseppe]

[Source: National Chicken Council, full page: (LINK). Extract.]

Avian Influenza Found in New York Live Bird Market; Japan and Taiwan Halt Poultry Exports from New York

On January 11, 2013, in Avian Influenza


USDA?s National Veterinary Services Laboratories has confirmed H5N1 (presumably low pathogenic) from a live bird market in New York. According to USDA?s agreement with Taiwan, FSIS has been notified to amend the FSIS Export Library to state that the export of poultry meat and meat products from the State of New York to Taiwan is prohibited effective immediately.

(?)

-
-----

[sharon sanders]

Re: Avian Influenza Found in New York Live Bird Market; Japan and Taiwan Halt Poultry Exports from New York (NCC, January 12 2013)

Does anyone see this on the USDA site? I can't find it.

[sharon sanders]

Re: Avian Influenza H5N1 Found in New York Live Bird Market; Japan and Taiwan Halt Poultry Exports from New York (NCC, January 12 2013)

I called the National Chicken Council at (202) 296-2622 and their offices will not open until Monday.

[Giuseppe]

Re: Avian Influenza H5N1 (presumed low path) Found in New York Live Bird Market; Japan and Taiwan Halt Poultry Exports from New York (NCC, January 12 2013)

On FSIS Export Requirement for Taiwan: http://www.fsis.usda.gov/regulations...ents/index.asp

[Laidback Al]

Re: Avian Influenza H5N1 (presumed low path) Found in New York Live Bird Market; Japan and Taiwan Halt Poultry Exports from New York (NCC, January 12 2013)

. . . According to the New York State Consumer Protection Board, New York City has the largest number of live bird markets of any metropolis in the U.S. Each of the approximately 80 New York City markets in operation may maintain up to 208,000 live birds each year with estimated total sales of 12 to 17 million birds annually citywide. Storefront slaughter facilities can act as breeding grounds for the emergence and spread of infectious diseases. The emergence of SARS and the deadly strain of avian influenza H5N1 have both been linked to live animal markets in China. . . .

http://www.humanesociety.org/news/pr...ts_043012.html

<object style="position:absolute;z-index:1000" type="application/x-dgnria" id="plugin0" height="0" width="0">

</object>

[sharon sanders]

Re: Avian Influenza H5N1 (presumed low path) Found in New York Live Bird Market; Japan and Taiwan Halt Poultry Exports from New York (NCC, January 12 2013)

It is really irritating not to be able to find any details about this.

[Treyfish]

Re: Avian Influenza H5N1 (presumed low path) Found in New York Live Bird Market; Japan and Taiwan Halt Poultry Exports from New York (NCC, January 12 2013)

This just gives rules and regs. This story is held close to the chest as I see nothing new on it in the last 8 hrs.

Rules and Regulations of the State of New York
AI virus is an RNA virus (orthomyxovirus) and, as is typical of influenza viruses, often mutates producing different strains. As the virus infects and replicates in successive hosts it recombines genes with any other available influenza virus in unpredictable ways. The different strains are labeled according to the types of 2 proteins (Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase) on the surface of the virus that are instrumental in the virus? ability to penetrate a cell and replicate itself. There are 16 different H types and 9 different N types so a multitude of combinations are possible e.g. H1N1, H7N2, H6N9 and etc.
Different strains of AI virus differ radically in their ability to cause illness in infected birds and are generally divided into Low-Pathogenic strains (LPAI) which cause minimal to no clinical signs and Highly-Pathogenic strains (HPAI) which kill 90-100% of infected birds. The H5 and H7 subtypes of AI are the strains usually responsible for the generation of an HPAI outbreak in birds. In poultry, AI has been the most devastating and expensive disease ever confronted by animal health officials in the U.S. Figures from November 1983 to April 1984 (Pennsylvania AI outbreak) reflect a $225 million dollar negative impact on the combined egg, broiler..http://www.agriculture.ny.gov/AI/AvianFlu.html

[sharon sanders]

Re: Avian Influenza H5N1 (presumed low path) Found in New York Live Bird Market; Japan and Taiwan Halt Poultry Exports from New York (NCC, January 12 2013)

FAO pdf -

PROTECT POULTRY - PROTECT PEOPLE
Basic advice for stopping the spread of avian influenza

http://www.fao.org/docs/eims/upload//207623/FAO_HPAI_messages.pdf

[sharon sanders]

CDC - Past Outbreaks of Avian Influenza in North America

Past Outbreaks of Avian Influenza in North America



Summary

• Avian influenza A viruses are routinely detected in wild birds. Around the world and in North America, avian influenza A outbreaks occur in poultry from time to time.
• Outbreaks of some avian influenza A viruses in poultry have been associated with illness and death in humans in Asia, Africa, Europe, the Pacific, and the Near East.
• While very rare, some avian influenza A viruses have also caused illness in humans in North America.

North American Outbreaks Among Poultry With No Known Transmission to Humans

Low pathogenic avian influenza A outbreaks

Since 1997, based on the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) reporting criteria for avian influenza in commercial poultry, the United States has experienced sporadic incidents of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) in commercial poultry.
Information about LPAI outbreaks that have occurred in North America (including the United States) and around the world since January 2005 can be found on the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) web site in the World Animal Health Information Database (WAHID). Information about LPAI outbreaks that have occurred in North America (including the United States) and around the world before January 2005 can be found on the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) web site in the World Animal Health Information Database (WAHID) Handistatus II.

Highly pathogenic avian influenza A outbreaks

Since 1997, based on the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) reporting criteria for avian influenza in commercial poultry, the United States has experienced one incident of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in poultry that was restricted to one poultry farm.

H5N2 in Texas, 2004
In February 2004, an outbreak of HPAI (H5N2) virus was detected and reported in a flock of 7,000 chickens in south-central Texas. This was the first outbreak of HPAI in the United States in 20 years.^1,2 No transmission of HPAI (H5N2) virus to humans was reported.
More information about this HPAI outbreak can be found on the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) web site in the World Animal Health Information Database (WAHID) Handistatus II.
Top



Avian Influenza A Virus Transmission to Humans in North America

Outbreaks of some avian influenza viruses among poultry have been associated with illness and death in humans in Asia, Africa, Europe, the Pacific, and the Near East. While very rare, avian influenza A viruses have also caused illness in humans in North America.

H7N3 in Canada, 2004

On February 19, 2004, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency announced an outbreak of avian influenza A (H7N3) in poultry in the Fraser Valley region of British Columbia. Culling operations and other measures were performed in an effort to control the spread of the virus. This was initially a LPAI outbreak that evolved into an HPAI outbreak. Health Canada reported two cases of laboratory-confirmed influenza A (H7): one in a person involved in culling operations on March 13-14, and the other in a poultry worker who had close contact with poultry on March 22-23. Both patients developed conjunctivitis (eye infection) and mild illness. Their illnesses resolved after treatment with the antiviral medication oseltamivir.^3,4

Although these are the only laboratory-confirmed cases of avian influenza A (H7) in humans during this outbreak in Canada, approximately 10 other poultry workers exhibited conjunctival and/or upper respiratory symptoms after having contact with poultry. Use of personal protective equipment is mandatory for all persons involved in culling activities, and compliance with prescribed safety measures is monitored. For more information about this outbreak, visit the Canadian Food Inspection Agency website.

H7N2 in New York, 2003

In November 2003, a case of avian influenza A virus infection was detected in an adult male from New York, who was hospitalized for respiratory tract illness. A low pathogenic avian influenza A (H7N2) virus was isolated from a respiratory specimen from the patient. The patient’s acute symptoms resolved. The source of this person's infection is unknown.^5,6

H7N2 in Virginia, 2002

In 2002, a person involved with culling activities developed influenza-like illness when a low pathogenic avian influenza A (H7N2) outbreak occurred among turkeys and chickens at commercial farms in Virginia. Serological testing confirmed infection with avian influenza A (H7N2) virus; no human-to-human transmission was evident and the person made a full recovery.^5,7
Top

References

1. Pelzel AM, McCluskey BJ, Scott AE. Review of the highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreak in Texas, 2004. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2006 Jun 15;228(12):1869-75.
2. Lee CW, Swayne DE, Linares JA, et al. H5N2 avian influenza outbreak in Texas in 2004: the first highly pathogenic strain in the United States in 20 years? J Virol. 2005 Sep;79(17):11412-21.
3. Skowronski DM, Tweed SA, Petric M, et al. Human illness and isolation of low-pathogenicity avian influenza virus of the H7N3 subtype in British Columbia, Canada. J Infect Dis. 2006 Mar 15;193(6):899-900.
4. Tweed SA, Skowronski DM, David ST, et al. A. Human illness from avian influenza H7N3, British Columbia. Emerg Infect Dis. 2004 Dec;10(12):2196-9.
5. CDC. Update: Influenza Activity --- United States and Worldwide, 2003—04 Season, and Composition of the 2004—05 Influenza Vaccine. MMWR 2004; 53(25).
6. Ostrowsky B, Huang A, Terry W, et al. Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza A (H7N2) Virus Infection in Immunocompromised Adult, New York, USA, 2003. Emerg Infect Dis. 2012 Jul;18(7):1128-31.
7. Edwards LE, Terebuh P, Adija A, et al. Serological diagnosis of human infection with avian influenza A (H7N2) virus [Abstract 60, Session 44]. Presented at the International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases 2004, Atlanta, Georgia, February 22--March 3, 2004.

View page in:

• Espa&#241;ol

• Page last reviewed: June 21, 2012
• Page last updated: June 21, 2012

• Content source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD)

http://www.cdc.gov/flu/avianflu/past-outbreaks.htm

[sharon sanders]

Re: New York - Avian Influenza H5N1 (presumed low path) Found in Live Bird Market; Japan and Taiwan Halt Poultry Exports from New York (NCC, January 12 2013)

FluTrackers Records of H5 & N1 and Low Pathogenic H5N1 Outbreaks in the United States

Please note: Some of our links to the National Biological Information Infrastructure (NBII) do not work. This program was terminated in January 2012. To my knowledge FluTrackers is 1 of 2 publicly available databases of these outbreaks:


Michigan Routine surveillance has indicated the presence of H5 and N1 in samples from two wild mute swans - August 2006

Maryland U.S. finds low-risk H5N1 bird flu strain in ducks - September 2006

Pennsylvania Low path H5N1 in wild mallard ducks - September 2006

Montana Low Path H5-N1 in ducks - September 2006

Illinois - H5 and N1 in migratory Green-winged Teals in Rice Lake Conservation Area of Fulton County - September 2006

Michigan H5 & N1 found in wild birds in Tuscola county - October 2006

Ohio Low-risk H5N1 bird flu in wild birds - October 2006

Illinois Detection of low path H5N1 in Grundy County - October 2006

Delaware Green Winged Teal, Sussex County H5 & N1 - November 2006

South Dakota Test positive H5 and N1 (bird unknown) in Stanley county - November 2006

North Carolina H5 and N1 in Black ducks - February 2007

Delaware 3 Live birds with H5 and N1 being reported in Sussex County - May 2007

Delaware - H5 and N1 Once Again Detected in Kent Co - May 2007

Virginia Low path H5N1 outbreak in Shenandoah county - July 2007

New Jersey Suspected Low Path H5N1 in Middlesex County - H "undetermined" - October 2007

New York Low pathogenic H5 & N1 detected in Genesee County - October 2007

Michigan H5 and N1 viruses have been detected in hunter killed ducks in two separate counties (St. Claire and Bay) - November 2007

Pennsylvania H5 and N1 detected in Erie County ducks - November 2007

New Mexico H5 and N1 detected in Socorro Co ducks - December 2007

Arkansas Low Path H5N1 in Jefferson County - February 2008

*New York Presumed Low Path H5N1 found in live bird market - January 2013

*(not independently confirmed by the USDA)

[Giuseppe]

Re: New York - Avian Influenza H5N1 (presumed low path) Found in Live Bird Market; Japan and Taiwan Halt Poultry Exports from New York (NCC, January 12 2013)

Source: Food Safety Inspection Service, Japan export requirement page: January 11 2013 update: http://www.fsis.usda.gov/regulations...ents/index.asp

JA-228 (Jan 11, 2013)

Asterisks (*) indicate the most recent revision to these requirements. To search, click on your browser's "Edit" menu, then click on "Find (on this page)". Enter "*" in the "Find What" field, then click "Find" or "Find Next" until all asterisks have been identified.

(...)

Ineligible Products

Specific state restrictions:

New York -Poultry slaughtered on or after December 25, 2009, and before December 30, 2011, is eligible. Poultry slaughtered on or after December 30, 2011 and before August 31, 2012 is ineligible. Poultry slaughtered on or after August 31, 2012 and before December 12, 2012 is eligible. Poultry slaughtered on or after December 12, 2012 is ineligible.*

...

Poultry may be restricted from originating or passing through certain states in which low path avian influenza has been reported. Applicants for export certification must determine which certification statement or statements apply to the product to be exported based on the date of slaughter. Additional certification for State transit restrictions has been removed and official seals are no longer required for poultry transiting

...

Restricted States.

Letterhead Certificate for Poultry Slaughtered on or after August 31, 2012 and before December 12, 2012
Date Issued: _____________ Certificate Number: ____________________________


1. There have been no outbreaks of highly pathogenic notifiable avian influenza (HPNAI) in the United States for at least 90 days before shipment of the exported poultry meat; or when the United States has an outbreak of HPNAI, there have been no outbreaks of HPNAI in the State where birds for export meat were produced for at least 90 days before shipment of the exported poultry meat. Further, in the area where birds for export meat were produced (such an area being within a minimum radius of 50 kilometers from the production farm), Newcastle disease, fowl cholera and other serious infectious fowl diseases as recognized by the government of the United States, have not occurred for at least 90 days before shipment of the exported poultry meat.

...


[For inference, requirement of fullfilling these condition (free for Notifiable Avian Influenza (HP, LPNAI)) for all product to deliver, indicates that for poultry produced after there is in fact a restriction due to LP-HPNAI... ]

------

[Ronan Kelly]

Re: New York - Avian Influenza H5N1 (presumed low path) Found in Live Bird Market; Japan and Taiwan Halt Poultry Exports from New York (NCC, January 12 2013)

AVIAN INFLUENZA, H5N1, LPAI - USA: (NEW YORK) POULTRY, REQUEST FOR INFORMATION
************************************************** ********************************
A ProMED-mail post

http://www.promedmail.org

ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases

http://www.isid.org

Date: 11 Jan 2013
Source: Washington Report: National Chicken Council [edited]

http://nccwashingtonreport.com/2013/01/11/avian-influenza-found-new-york-live-bird-market-japan-taiwan-halt-poultry-exports-new-york/

...
-- Communicated by: Gert van der Hoek Senior Moderator, FluTrackers.com http://www.flutrackers.com/forum/index.php <gertvanderhoek@gmail.com>

[It has become expected that Japan, Taiwan and often times Russian markets will ban poultry/poultry products, including eggs from markets identified as having low pathogenic strains of avian influenza.

Avian influenza (AI), commonly known as "bird flu," is caused by a virus that can infect domesticated and wild birds, including chickens, turkeys, pheasants, quail, ducks, geese, and guinea fowl. AI virus strains are classified into 2 groups by pathogenicity, or the ability of the virus to produce disease, in domestic chickens. Highly pathogenic (HPAI) virus strains are extremely infectious, often fatal to domestic poultry, and can spread rapidly from flock-to-flock. Low pathogenic (LPAI) virus strains occur naturally in wild birds without causing illness, but some are capable of mutating into HPAI viruses. It is believed to be this capacity to mutate that causes other countries to ban the poultry products.

Portions of this comment extracted from: http://www.aphis.usda.gov/publicatio...%26testing.pdf

New York may be found on the interactive Healthmap/ProMED-mail map at: http://healthmap.org/r/35Bp - Mod.TG]

http://www.promedmail.org/direct.php?id=20130112.1494731

[sharon sanders]

Re: New York - Avian Influenza H5N1 (presumed low path) Found in Live Bird Market; Japan and Taiwan Halt Poultry Exports from New York (NCC, January 12 2013)

hat tip Michael Coston


(Presumably) LPAI H5N1 Found In New York



Photo Credit ? FAO


# 6851

On Friday a small news item appeared in the National Chicken Council?s Washington Report indicating that (presumably Low Pathogenic) H5N1 avian influenza had been detected at a New York live bird market, resulting in a halt of poultry exports to Japan & Taiwan.

Avian Influenza Found in New York Live Bird Market; Japan and Taiwan Halt Poultry Exports from New York

On January 11, 2013, in Avian Influenza
USDA?s National Veterinary Services Laboratories has confirmed H5N1 (presumably low pathogenic) from a live bird market in New York . . .

While quite common in other countries, many Americans may be surprised to know that there are more than 90 live bird markets in and around New York (cite Cornell University). Live markets can also be found in other states as well.

The newshounds atFluTrackers have been all over this story since early yesterday (see thread), but there?s been nothing new reported over the weekend. Sharon Sanders put in a call to the National Chicken Council yesterday, unfortunately their offices are closed until Monday.

ProMed Mail issued an alert overnightAVIAN INFLUENZA, H5N1, LPAI - USA: (NEW YORK) POULTRY, REQUEST FOR INFORMATION, from a news item submitted by Gert van der Hoek at FluTrackers.

As you might expect, there is a certain degree of frustration in Flublogia this weekend over the lack of details available on this story.

There are two broad categories of avian influenza; LPAI (Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza) and HPAI (Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza).

• LPAI viruses are quite common in wild birds, cause little illness, and only rarely death. They are not considered to be a serious health to public health. The concern is (particularly with H5 & H7 strains) that LPAI viruses have the potential to mutate into HPAI strains.
• HPAI viruses are more dangerous, can produce high morbidity and mortality in wild birds and poultry, and can sometimes infect humans with serious result. The type of bird flu scientists have been watching closely for the past decade has been HPAI H5N1 (and to a lesser extent HPAI H7s & H9s).

Before the middle of the last decade, there was no uniform requirement to report or track LPAI infections. That changed in 2006 when the OIE made reporting of LPAI H5 & H7 viruses mandatory.

LPAI H5N1 has been detected before across North America, and a partial list (from the USDA Release No. 0296.06) Includes:

LPAI H5N1 ("North American" H5N1)
LPAI, or "low path" AI, commonly occurs in wild birds. In most cases, it causes minor sickness or no noticeable signs of disease. It is rarely fatal in birds. LPAI strains are not a human health concern. This includes LPAI H5N1.

Evidence of LPAI H5N1 has been found in wild birds in the United States in recent years and is not closely related to the more severe HPAI H5N1 circulating overseas. Examples of historical reports of LPAI H5N1 received by USDA include:

• 1975 - LPAI H5N1 was detected in a wild mallard duck and a wild blue goose in Wisconsin as part of routine sampling, not as a result of noticeable illness in the birds
• 1981 and 1985 - the University of Minnesota conducted a sampling procedure in which sentinel ducks were monitored in cages placed in the wild for a short period of time and LPAI H5N1 was detected in those ducks in both years.
• 1983 - LPAI H5N1 was detected in ring-billed gulls in Pennsylvania.
• 1986 - LPAI H5N1 was detected in a wild mallard duck in Ohio as part of routine sampling, not as a result of noticeable illness in the birds.
• 2002 - LPAI H5N1 antibodies were detected in turkeys in Michigan but the virus could not be isolated; therefore this detection could not be confirmed.
• 2005 - LPAI H5N1 was detected in ducks in Manitoba, Canada.
• 2006 - LPAI H5N1 was confirmed in two Michigan mute swans and mallard ducks; Maryland resident wild mallard ducks, and Pennsylvania wild mallard ducks; and Delaware green-winged teals, all sampled as part of USDA's expanded avian influenza surveillance.

Another, more current list, is available on FluTrackers, with nearly 20 LPAI detections reported between 2006-2013 in the United States.

The discovery of LPAI H5N1 in the United States is neither unusual, nor is it a public health concern. But as LPAI viruses can be progenitors of more virulent HPAI strains, steps will have to be taken to contain and eradicate this virus.

Hopefully we?ll get more information on the location and extent of this detection, and some details on the steps being taken to contain it over the coming days. While I?ll update this story, the latest news is likely to be found on this FluTrackers thread first.

Posted by Michael Coston at <a class="timestamp-link" href="http://afludiary.blogspot.com/2013/01/presumably-lpai-h5n1-found-in-new-york.html" rel="bookmark" title="permanent link"><abbr class="published" title="2013-01-13T08:49:00-05:00">8:49 AM</abbr>

[sharon sanders]

Re: Avian Influenza H5N1 Found in New York Live Bird Market; Japan and Taiwan Halt Poultry Exports from New York (NCC, January 12 2013)

I called the National Chicken Council at (202) 296-2622 and their offices will not open until Monday.

I called and was transferred to the voice mail of the person who handles media inquiries. Now I am going to call the USDA and see what I can find out.

[sharon sanders]

Re: Avian Influenza H5N1 Found in New York Live Bird Market; Japan and Taiwan Halt Poultry Exports from New York (NCC, January 12 2013)

I called and was transferred to the voice mail of the person who handles media inquiries. Now I am going to call the USDA and see what I can find out.

I spoke to a media person at the USDA and she asked me to send her an email. So I am doing that in a minute.