tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Viruses
. 2022 Dec 17;14(12):2817.
doi: 10.3390/v14122817.
Thromboembolic Events in Patients with Influenza: A Scoping Review
Raffaella Rubino[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Claudia Imburgia[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Silvia Bonura[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Marcello Trizzino[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Chiara Iaria[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Antonio Cascio[SUP] 1 3 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
Introduction: Influenza is an acute respiratory infection that usually causes a short-term and self-limiting illness. However, in high-risk populations, this can lead to several complications, with an increase in mortality. Aside from the well-known extrapulmonary complications, several studies have investigated the relationship between influenza and acute cardio and cerebrovascular events. Reviews of the thromboembolic complications associated with influenza are lacking.
Objectives: the study aims to conduct a scoping review to analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients suffering from influenza and thromboembolic complications.
Materials and methods: A computerized search of historical published cases using PubMed and the terms "influenza" or "flu" and "thrombosis", "embolism", "thromboembolism", "stroke", or "infarct" for the last twenty-five years was conducted. Only articles reporting detailed data on patients with thromboembolic complications of laboratory-confirmed influenza were considered eligible for inclusion in the scoping review.
Results: Fifty-eight cases with laboratory documented influenza A or B and a related intravascular thrombosis were retrieved. Their characteristics were analyzed along with those of a patient who motivated our search. The localizations of thromboembolic events were pulmonary embolism 21/58 (36.2%), DVT 12/58 (20.6%), DVT and pulmonary embolism 3/58 (5.1%), acute ischemic stroke 11/58 (18.9%), arterial thrombosis 4/58 (6.8%), and acute myocardial infarction 5/58 (8.6%).
Discussion: Our findings are important in clarifying which thromboembolic complications are more frequent in adults and children with influenza. Symptoms of pulmonary embolism and influenza can be very similar, so a careful clinical evaluation is required for proper patient management, possible instrumental deepening, and appropriate pharmacological interventions, especially for patients with respiratory failure.
Keywords: flu; infarct; influenza; stroke; thromboembolism; thrombosis.
. 2022 Dec 17;14(12):2817.
doi: 10.3390/v14122817.
Thromboembolic Events in Patients with Influenza: A Scoping Review
Raffaella Rubino[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Claudia Imburgia[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Silvia Bonura[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Marcello Trizzino[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Chiara Iaria[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Antonio Cascio[SUP] 1 3 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 36560821
- DOI: 10.3390/v14122817
Abstract
Introduction: Influenza is an acute respiratory infection that usually causes a short-term and self-limiting illness. However, in high-risk populations, this can lead to several complications, with an increase in mortality. Aside from the well-known extrapulmonary complications, several studies have investigated the relationship between influenza and acute cardio and cerebrovascular events. Reviews of the thromboembolic complications associated with influenza are lacking.
Objectives: the study aims to conduct a scoping review to analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients suffering from influenza and thromboembolic complications.
Materials and methods: A computerized search of historical published cases using PubMed and the terms "influenza" or "flu" and "thrombosis", "embolism", "thromboembolism", "stroke", or "infarct" for the last twenty-five years was conducted. Only articles reporting detailed data on patients with thromboembolic complications of laboratory-confirmed influenza were considered eligible for inclusion in the scoping review.
Results: Fifty-eight cases with laboratory documented influenza A or B and a related intravascular thrombosis were retrieved. Their characteristics were analyzed along with those of a patient who motivated our search. The localizations of thromboembolic events were pulmonary embolism 21/58 (36.2%), DVT 12/58 (20.6%), DVT and pulmonary embolism 3/58 (5.1%), acute ischemic stroke 11/58 (18.9%), arterial thrombosis 4/58 (6.8%), and acute myocardial infarction 5/58 (8.6%).
Discussion: Our findings are important in clarifying which thromboembolic complications are more frequent in adults and children with influenza. Symptoms of pulmonary embolism and influenza can be very similar, so a careful clinical evaluation is required for proper patient management, possible instrumental deepening, and appropriate pharmacological interventions, especially for patients with respiratory failure.
Keywords: flu; infarct; influenza; stroke; thromboembolism; thrombosis.