tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Viral Immunol
. 2022 Jan 11.
doi: 10.1089/vim.2021.0121. Online ahead of print.
COVID-19: Testing Landscape Post-Infection, -Vaccination, and Future Perspectives
Maite Sabalza[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ilana Heckler[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Aya Elhage[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Iswariya Venkataraman[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Brandon Henry[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak a global pandemic. Although molecular testing remains the gold standard for COVID-19 diagnosis, serological testing enables the evaluation of the immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and vaccination, and can be used to assess community viral spread. This review summarizes and analyzes the current landscape of SARS-CoV-2 testing in the United States and includes guidance on both when and why it is important to use direct pathogen detection and/or serological testing. The usefulness of monitoring humoral and cellular immune responses in infected and vaccinated patients is also addressed. Finally, this review considers current challenges, future perspectives for SARS-CoV-2 testing, and how diagnostics are being adapted as the virus evolves.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; T cell response; diagnostics; neutralizing antibodies; serology.
. 2022 Jan 11.
doi: 10.1089/vim.2021.0121. Online ahead of print.
COVID-19: Testing Landscape Post-Infection, -Vaccination, and Future Perspectives
Maite Sabalza[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Ilana Heckler[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Aya Elhage[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Iswariya Venkataraman[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Brandon Henry[SUP] 2 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 35020523
- DOI: 10.1089/vim.2021.0121
Abstract
On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak a global pandemic. Although molecular testing remains the gold standard for COVID-19 diagnosis, serological testing enables the evaluation of the immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and vaccination, and can be used to assess community viral spread. This review summarizes and analyzes the current landscape of SARS-CoV-2 testing in the United States and includes guidance on both when and why it is important to use direct pathogen detection and/or serological testing. The usefulness of monitoring humoral and cellular immune responses in infected and vaccinated patients is also addressed. Finally, this review considers current challenges, future perspectives for SARS-CoV-2 testing, and how diagnostics are being adapted as the virus evolves.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; T cell response; diagnostics; neutralizing antibodies; serology.