tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Vaccines (Basel)
. 2022 Sep 1;10(9):1445.
doi: 10.3390/vaccines10091445.
Graves' Disease Following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: A Systematic Review
Armando Patrizio[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Silvia Martina Ferrari[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Giusy Elia[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Francesca Ragusa[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Sabrina Rosaria Paparo[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Valeria Mazzi[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Alessandro Antonelli[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Poupak Fallahi[SUP] 4 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
(1) Background: Autoimmune diseases, including autoimmune endocrine diseases (AIED), are thought to develop following environmental exposure in patients with genetic predisposition. The vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) could represent a new environmental trigger for AIED, including Graves' disease (GD). (2) Methods: We performed a literature search of MEDLINE/PubMed databases regarding thyroid dysfunction after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination since 1 January 2020 to 31 July 2022, considering only cases of thyrotoxicosis that meet the 2016 American Thyroid Association guidelines criteria for the diagnosis of GD and arising after administration of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, regardless of the number of doses. (3) Results: A total of 27 articles were identified, consisting of case reports or case series, of which 24 describe the appearance of 48 new diagnoses of GD and 12 GD recurrences arising after the administration of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, and 3 papers that instead report only 3 cases of GD relapse following vaccination. (4) Conclusions: physicians should be aware of the possibility of developing GD and other autoimmune sequelae following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Regardless of the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms (autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA syndrome), cytokines induction, molecular mimicry, and cross-reactivity), an individual predisposition seems to be decisive for their development.
Keywords: ASIA syndrome; COVID-19; Graves’ disease; SARS-CoV-2; autoimmune thyroid diseases; hyperthyroidism; vaccine.
. 2022 Sep 1;10(9):1445.
doi: 10.3390/vaccines10091445.
Graves' Disease Following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: A Systematic Review
Armando Patrizio[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Silvia Martina Ferrari[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Giusy Elia[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Francesca Ragusa[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Sabrina Rosaria Paparo[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Valeria Mazzi[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Alessandro Antonelli[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Poupak Fallahi[SUP] 4 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 36146523
- DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10091445
Abstract
(1) Background: Autoimmune diseases, including autoimmune endocrine diseases (AIED), are thought to develop following environmental exposure in patients with genetic predisposition. The vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) could represent a new environmental trigger for AIED, including Graves' disease (GD). (2) Methods: We performed a literature search of MEDLINE/PubMed databases regarding thyroid dysfunction after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination since 1 January 2020 to 31 July 2022, considering only cases of thyrotoxicosis that meet the 2016 American Thyroid Association guidelines criteria for the diagnosis of GD and arising after administration of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, regardless of the number of doses. (3) Results: A total of 27 articles were identified, consisting of case reports or case series, of which 24 describe the appearance of 48 new diagnoses of GD and 12 GD recurrences arising after the administration of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, and 3 papers that instead report only 3 cases of GD relapse following vaccination. (4) Conclusions: physicians should be aware of the possibility of developing GD and other autoimmune sequelae following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Regardless of the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms (autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA syndrome), cytokines induction, molecular mimicry, and cross-reactivity), an individual predisposition seems to be decisive for their development.
Keywords: ASIA syndrome; COVID-19; Graves’ disease; SARS-CoV-2; autoimmune thyroid diseases; hyperthyroidism; vaccine.