tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
J Virol. 2014 Jan 29. [Epub ahead of print]
Surfactant-modified nanoclay exhibits an antiviral activity with high potency and broad spectrum.
Liang JJ, Wei JC, Lee YL, Hsu SH, Lin JJ, Lin YL.
Author information
Abstract
Nanomaterials have the characteristic of high surface-to-volume ratio and have been explored for their antiviral activity. Despite some success, cytotoxicity has been an issue of nanomaterial-based antiviral strategy. We previously developed a novel method to fully exfoliate montmorillonite clay to generate the most fundamental units of nanoscale silicate platelet (NSP). We further modified NSP by capping with various surfactants and found the surfactant-modified NSP (NSQ) was less cytotoxic. In this study, we tested the antiviral potential of a series of nature clay-derived nanomaterials. Among the derivatives, NSP modified with anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (NSQc), but not the pristine clay, unmodified NSP, silver nanoparticle-NSP hybrid, NSP modified with cationic n-octadecanylamine hydrochloride salt, or NSP modified with nonionic Triton X-100, significantly suppressed the plaque-forming ability of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) at noncytotoxic concentrations. NSQc also blocked the infection with dengue virus (DEN) and influenza A virus. Regarding the antiviral mechanism, NSQc interfered with viral binding through electrostatic interaction, since its antiviral activity can be neutralized by polybrene, a cationic polymer. Furthermore, NSQc reduced the lethality of JEV and DEN infection in mouse challenge models. Thus, the surfactant-modified exfoliated nanoclay NSQc may be a novel nanomaterial with broad and potent antiviral activity.Importance Nanomaterials have being investigated as antimicrobial agents, yet their antiviral potential is overshadowed by the cytotoxicity. By using a novel method, we fully exfoliate montmorillonite clay to generate the most fundamental units of nanoscale silicate platelet (NSP). Here, we show that the surfactant-modified NSP (NSQ) is less cytotoxic and NSQc (NSP modified with sodium dodecyl sulfate) could potently block infection of dengue virus (DEN), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and influenza A virus at noncytotoxic concentrations. For the antiviral mechanism, we find that the electrostatic interaction between the negative-charged NSQc and the positive-charged virus particles blocks viral binding. Furthermore, we used mouse challenge models of JEV and DEN to demonstrate the in vivo antiviral potential of NSQc. Thus, NSQc may function as a potent and safe antiviral nanohybrid against several viruses and our success in synthesizing surfactant-modified NSP with antiviral activity may shed some light on future antiviral development.
PMID:
24478435
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24478435
Surfactant-modified nanoclay exhibits an antiviral activity with high potency and broad spectrum.
Liang JJ, Wei JC, Lee YL, Hsu SH, Lin JJ, Lin YL.
Author information
Abstract
Nanomaterials have the characteristic of high surface-to-volume ratio and have been explored for their antiviral activity. Despite some success, cytotoxicity has been an issue of nanomaterial-based antiviral strategy. We previously developed a novel method to fully exfoliate montmorillonite clay to generate the most fundamental units of nanoscale silicate platelet (NSP). We further modified NSP by capping with various surfactants and found the surfactant-modified NSP (NSQ) was less cytotoxic. In this study, we tested the antiviral potential of a series of nature clay-derived nanomaterials. Among the derivatives, NSP modified with anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (NSQc), but not the pristine clay, unmodified NSP, silver nanoparticle-NSP hybrid, NSP modified with cationic n-octadecanylamine hydrochloride salt, or NSP modified with nonionic Triton X-100, significantly suppressed the plaque-forming ability of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) at noncytotoxic concentrations. NSQc also blocked the infection with dengue virus (DEN) and influenza A virus. Regarding the antiviral mechanism, NSQc interfered with viral binding through electrostatic interaction, since its antiviral activity can be neutralized by polybrene, a cationic polymer. Furthermore, NSQc reduced the lethality of JEV and DEN infection in mouse challenge models. Thus, the surfactant-modified exfoliated nanoclay NSQc may be a novel nanomaterial with broad and potent antiviral activity.Importance Nanomaterials have being investigated as antimicrobial agents, yet their antiviral potential is overshadowed by the cytotoxicity. By using a novel method, we fully exfoliate montmorillonite clay to generate the most fundamental units of nanoscale silicate platelet (NSP). Here, we show that the surfactant-modified NSP (NSQ) is less cytotoxic and NSQc (NSP modified with sodium dodecyl sulfate) could potently block infection of dengue virus (DEN), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and influenza A virus at noncytotoxic concentrations. For the antiviral mechanism, we find that the electrostatic interaction between the negative-charged NSQc and the positive-charged virus particles blocks viral binding. Furthermore, we used mouse challenge models of JEV and DEN to demonstrate the in vivo antiviral potential of NSQc. Thus, NSQc may function as a potent and safe antiviral nanohybrid against several viruses and our success in synthesizing surfactant-modified NSP with antiviral activity may shed some light on future antiviral development.
PMID:
24478435
[PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24478435