tetano
Editor, Senior Moderator
Sci Transl Med
. 2021 Jul 27;eabh0755.
doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abh0755. Online ahead of print.
Intranasal ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/AZD1222 vaccination reduces viral shedding after SARS-CoV-2 D614G challenge in preclinical models
Neeltje van Doremalen[SUP] 1 1 [/SUP], Jyothi N Purushotham[SUP] 2 3 1 4 [/SUP], Jonathan E Schulz[SUP] 1 1 [/SUP], Myndi G Holbrook[SUP] 2 1 [/SUP], Trenton Bushmaker[SUP] 1 1 [/SUP], Aaron Carmody[SUP] 1 5 [/SUP], Julia R Port[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Claude K Yinda[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Atsushi Okumura[SUP] 5 1 [/SUP], Greg Saturday[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Fatima Amanat[SUP] 4 3 6 [/SUP], Florian Krammer[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Patrick W Hanley[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Brian J Smith[SUP] 2 2 [/SUP], Jamie Lovaglio[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Sarah L Anzick[SUP] 2 5 [/SUP], Kent Barbian[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Craig Martens[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Sarah C Gilbert[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Teresa Lambe[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Vincent J Munster[SUP] 7 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
Abstract
ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/AZD1222 is an approved adenovirus-based vaccine for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) currently being deployed globally. Previous studies in rhesus macaques revealed that intramuscular vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/AZD1222 provided protection against pneumonia but did not reduce shedding of SARS-CoV-2 from the upper respiratory tract. Here, we investigated whether intranasally administered ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 reduces detection of virus in nasal swabs after challenging vaccinated macaques and hamsters with SARS-CoV-2 carrying a D614G mutation in the spike protein. Viral loads in swabs obtained from intranasally vaccinated hamsters were decreased compared to control hamsters, and no viral RNA or infectious virus was found in lung tissue after a direct challenge or after direct contact with infected hamsters. Intranasal vaccination of rhesus macaques resulted in reduced virus concentrations in nasal swabs and a reduction in viral loads in bronchoalveolar lavage and lower respiratory tract tissue. Intranasal vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/AZD1222 reduced virus concentrations in nasal swabs in two different SARS-CoV-2 animal models, warranting further investigation as a potential vaccination route for COVID-19 vaccines.
. 2021 Jul 27;eabh0755.
doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abh0755. Online ahead of print.
Intranasal ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/AZD1222 vaccination reduces viral shedding after SARS-CoV-2 D614G challenge in preclinical models
Neeltje van Doremalen[SUP] 1 1 [/SUP], Jyothi N Purushotham[SUP] 2 3 1 4 [/SUP], Jonathan E Schulz[SUP] 1 1 [/SUP], Myndi G Holbrook[SUP] 2 1 [/SUP], Trenton Bushmaker[SUP] 1 1 [/SUP], Aaron Carmody[SUP] 1 5 [/SUP], Julia R Port[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Claude K Yinda[SUP] 1 [/SUP], Atsushi Okumura[SUP] 5 1 [/SUP], Greg Saturday[SUP] 2 [/SUP], Fatima Amanat[SUP] 4 3 6 [/SUP], Florian Krammer[SUP] 3 [/SUP], Patrick W Hanley[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Brian J Smith[SUP] 2 2 [/SUP], Jamie Lovaglio[SUP] 1 2 [/SUP], Sarah L Anzick[SUP] 2 5 [/SUP], Kent Barbian[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Craig Martens[SUP] 5 [/SUP], Sarah C Gilbert[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Teresa Lambe[SUP] 3 4 [/SUP], Vincent J Munster[SUP] 7 1 [/SUP]
Affiliations
- PMID: 34315826
- DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abh0755
Abstract
ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/AZD1222 is an approved adenovirus-based vaccine for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) currently being deployed globally. Previous studies in rhesus macaques revealed that intramuscular vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/AZD1222 provided protection against pneumonia but did not reduce shedding of SARS-CoV-2 from the upper respiratory tract. Here, we investigated whether intranasally administered ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 reduces detection of virus in nasal swabs after challenging vaccinated macaques and hamsters with SARS-CoV-2 carrying a D614G mutation in the spike protein. Viral loads in swabs obtained from intranasally vaccinated hamsters were decreased compared to control hamsters, and no viral RNA or infectious virus was found in lung tissue after a direct challenge or after direct contact with infected hamsters. Intranasal vaccination of rhesus macaques resulted in reduced virus concentrations in nasal swabs and a reduction in viral loads in bronchoalveolar lavage and lower respiratory tract tissue. Intranasal vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/AZD1222 reduced virus concentrations in nasal swabs in two different SARS-CoV-2 animal models, warranting further investigation as a potential vaccination route for COVID-19 vaccines.